HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
The nurse is conducting an osteoporosis screening clinic at a health fair. What
information should the nurse provide to individuals who are at risk for osteoporosis?
(Select all that apply.)
A.
Encourage alcohol and smoking cessation.
B.
Suggest supplementing diet with vitamin E.
C.
Promote regular weight-bearing exercises.
D.
Implement a home safety plan to prevent falls.
E.
Propose a regular sleep pattern of 8 hours nightly. - correct answer A, C, D
Rationale:Options A, C, and D are factors that decrease the risk for developing
osteoporosis. Vitamin D and calcium are important supplements to aid in the
decrease of bone loss. Regular sleep patterns are important to overall health but are
not identified with a decreasing risk for osteoporosis.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with
Cushing syndrome?
A.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B.
Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C.
Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D.
Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. - correct answer A
Rationale:Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the
adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus.
Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesses for increased blood glucose levels so
that treatment can begin early. A common finding in Cushing syndrome is
generalized edema. Although potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food
intake, not by offering potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an
overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on the need for rest is not
indicated. A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not recommended.
A 58-year-old client who has no health problems asks the nurse about receiving the
pneumococcal vaccine. Which statement given by the nurse would offer the client
accurate information about this vaccine?
A.
The vaccine is given annually before the flu season to those older than 50 years.
B.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
The immunization is administered once to older adults or those at risk for illness.
C.
The vaccine is for all ages and is given primarily to those persons traveling overseas
to areas of infection.
D.
The vaccine will prevent the occurrence of pneumococcal pneumonia for up to 5
years. - correct answer B
Rationale:It is usually recommended that persons older than 65 years and those with
a history of chronic illness should receive the vaccine once in their lifetime. Some
recommend receiving the vaccine at 50 years of age. The influenza vaccine is given
once a year. Although the vaccine might be given to a person traveling overseas, that
is not the main rationale for administering the vaccine. The vaccine is usually given
once in a lifetime, but with immunosuppressed clients or clients with a history of
pneumonia, revaccination is sometimes required.
A client is admitted to the hospital with severe lower left abdominal pain, nausea,
vomiting, fever, and chills. Which nursing action has the highest priority?
A.
Place the client on NPO status.
B.
Assess the client's temperature.
C.
, HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
Obtain a stool specimen.
D.
Administer IV fluids. - correct answer A
Rationale:A client is showing signs of acute severe diverticulitis and is at risk for
peritonitis and intestinal obstruction. The nurse should make the client NPO to
reduce risk of intestinal rupture. Options B, C, and D are important but are less of a
priority than option A, which is implemented to prevent a severe complication.
A client on telemetry has a pattern of uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a rapid
ventricular response. Based on this finding, the nurse anticipates assisting the
physician with which treatment?
A.
Administer lidocaine, 75 mg intravenous push.
B.
Perform synchronized cardioversion.
C.
Defibrillate the client as soon as possible.
D.
Administer atropine, 0.4 mg intravenous push. - correct answer B
Rationale:With uncontrolled atrial fibrillation, the treatment of choice is synchronized
cardioversion to convert the cardiac rhythm back to normal sinus rhythm. Option A is
a medication used for ventricular dysrhythmias. Option C is not for a client with atrial
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
The nurse is conducting an osteoporosis screening clinic at a health fair. What
information should the nurse provide to individuals who are at risk for osteoporosis?
(Select all that apply.)
A.
Encourage alcohol and smoking cessation.
B.
Suggest supplementing diet with vitamin E.
C.
Promote regular weight-bearing exercises.
D.
Implement a home safety plan to prevent falls.
E.
Propose a regular sleep pattern of 8 hours nightly. - correct answer A, C, D
Rationale:Options A, C, and D are factors that decrease the risk for developing
osteoporosis. Vitamin D and calcium are important supplements to aid in the
decrease of bone loss. Regular sleep patterns are important to overall health but are
not identified with a decreasing risk for osteoporosis.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with
Cushing syndrome?
A.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B.
Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C.
Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D.
Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. - correct answer A
Rationale:Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the
adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus.
Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesses for increased blood glucose levels so
that treatment can begin early. A common finding in Cushing syndrome is
generalized edema. Although potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food
intake, not by offering potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an
overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on the need for rest is not
indicated. A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not recommended.
A 58-year-old client who has no health problems asks the nurse about receiving the
pneumococcal vaccine. Which statement given by the nurse would offer the client
accurate information about this vaccine?
A.
The vaccine is given annually before the flu season to those older than 50 years.
B.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
The immunization is administered once to older adults or those at risk for illness.
C.
The vaccine is for all ages and is given primarily to those persons traveling overseas
to areas of infection.
D.
The vaccine will prevent the occurrence of pneumococcal pneumonia for up to 5
years. - correct answer B
Rationale:It is usually recommended that persons older than 65 years and those with
a history of chronic illness should receive the vaccine once in their lifetime. Some
recommend receiving the vaccine at 50 years of age. The influenza vaccine is given
once a year. Although the vaccine might be given to a person traveling overseas, that
is not the main rationale for administering the vaccine. The vaccine is usually given
once in a lifetime, but with immunosuppressed clients or clients with a history of
pneumonia, revaccination is sometimes required.
A client is admitted to the hospital with severe lower left abdominal pain, nausea,
vomiting, fever, and chills. Which nursing action has the highest priority?
A.
Place the client on NPO status.
B.
Assess the client's temperature.
C.
, HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
Obtain a stool specimen.
D.
Administer IV fluids. - correct answer A
Rationale:A client is showing signs of acute severe diverticulitis and is at risk for
peritonitis and intestinal obstruction. The nurse should make the client NPO to
reduce risk of intestinal rupture. Options B, C, and D are important but are less of a
priority than option A, which is implemented to prevent a severe complication.
A client on telemetry has a pattern of uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a rapid
ventricular response. Based on this finding, the nurse anticipates assisting the
physician with which treatment?
A.
Administer lidocaine, 75 mg intravenous push.
B.
Perform synchronized cardioversion.
C.
Defibrillate the client as soon as possible.
D.
Administer atropine, 0.4 mg intravenous push. - correct answer B
Rationale:With uncontrolled atrial fibrillation, the treatment of choice is synchronized
cardioversion to convert the cardiac rhythm back to normal sinus rhythm. Option A is
a medication used for ventricular dysrhythmias. Option C is not for a client with atrial
