HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B 2024-
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
A.
The client's amylase level is three times higher than the normal level.
B.
The client has a carpal spasm when taking a blood pressure.
C.
On a 1 to 10 scale, the client tells the nurse that her epigastric pain is at 7.
D.
The client states that she will continue to drink alcohol after going home. -
(ANSWERS)B
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
Rationale:A positive Trousseau sign indicates hypocalcemia and always requires
further assessment and intervention, regardless of the cause (40% to 75% of those
with acute pancreatitis experience hypocalcemia, which can have serious, systemic
effects). A key diagnostic finding of pancreatitis is serum amylase and lipase levels
that are two to five times higher than the normal value. Severe boring pain is an
expected symptom for this diagnosis, but dealing with the hypocalcemia is a priorit
over administering an analgesic. Long-term planning and teaching do not have the
same immediate importance as a positive Trousseau sign.
A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnos
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most
significant in the development of this client's COPD?
A.
,HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B 2024-
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
The client's father was diagnosed with COPD in his 50s.
B.
A close family member contracted tuberculosis last year.
C.
The client smokes one to two packs of cigarettes per day.
D.
The client has been 40 pounds overweight for 15 years. - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:Smoking, considered to be a modifiable risk factor, is the most significan
risk factor for the development of COPD. The exact mechanism of genetic and
hereditary implications for the development of COPD is still under investigation,
although exposure to similar predisposing factors (e.g., smoking or inhaling
secondhand smoke) may increase the likelihood of COPD incidence among family
members. Options B and D do not exceed the risks associated with cigarette
smoking in the development of COPD.
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary aldosteronism, the nurse expects the
laboratory test results to indicate a decreased serum level of which substance?
A.
Sodium
B.
Phosphate
C.
Potassium
D.
Glucose - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit a profound decline in serum
,HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B 2024-
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
levels of potassium; hypokalemia; hypertension is the most prominent and universa
sign. The serum sodium level is normal or elevated, depending on the amount of
water resorbed with the sodium. Option B is influenced by parathyroid hormone
(PTH). Option D is not affected by primary aldosteronism.
The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with Parkinson disease
Which question will provide additional information about manifestations that the
client is likely to experience?
A.
"Have you ever experienced any paralysis of your arms or legs?"
B.
"Do you have frequent blackout spells?"
C.
"Have you ever been frozen in one spot, unable to move?"
D.
"Do you have headaches, especially ones with throbbing pain?" - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:Clients with Parkinson disease frequently experience difficulty in
initiating, maintaining, and performing motor activities. They may even experience
being rooted to the spot and unable to move. Parkinson disease does not typically
cause option A, B, or D.
Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of obtaining
census determination for a particular unit provides the best formula for determining
long-range staffing patterns?
A.
Midnight census
,HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B 2024-
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
B.
Oncoming shift census
C.
Average daily census
D.
Hourly census - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into
account seasonal and daily fluctuations, so it is the best method for determining
staffing needs. Options A and B provide data at a certain point in time, and that dat
could change quickly. It is unrealistic to expect to obtain an hourly census, and suc
data would only provide information about a certain point in time.
A male client has just undergone a laryngectomy and has a cuffed tracheostomy tub
in place. When initiating bolus tube feedings postoperatively, when should the nurs
inflate the cuff?
A.
Immediately after feeding
B.
Just prior to tube feeding
C.
Continuous inflation is required
D.
Inflation is not required - (ANSWERS)B
Rationale:The cuff should be inflated before the feeding to block the trachea and
prevent food from entering if oral feedings are started while a cuffed tracheostomy
tube is in place. It should remain inflated throughout the feeding to prevent
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
A.
The client's amylase level is three times higher than the normal level.
B.
The client has a carpal spasm when taking a blood pressure.
C.
On a 1 to 10 scale, the client tells the nurse that her epigastric pain is at 7.
D.
The client states that she will continue to drink alcohol after going home. -
(ANSWERS)B
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
Rationale:A positive Trousseau sign indicates hypocalcemia and always requires
further assessment and intervention, regardless of the cause (40% to 75% of those
with acute pancreatitis experience hypocalcemia, which can have serious, systemic
effects). A key diagnostic finding of pancreatitis is serum amylase and lipase levels
that are two to five times higher than the normal value. Severe boring pain is an
expected symptom for this diagnosis, but dealing with the hypocalcemia is a priorit
over administering an analgesic. Long-term planning and teaching do not have the
same immediate importance as a positive Trousseau sign.
A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnos
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most
significant in the development of this client's COPD?
A.
,HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B 2024-
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
The client's father was diagnosed with COPD in his 50s.
B.
A close family member contracted tuberculosis last year.
C.
The client smokes one to two packs of cigarettes per day.
D.
The client has been 40 pounds overweight for 15 years. - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:Smoking, considered to be a modifiable risk factor, is the most significan
risk factor for the development of COPD. The exact mechanism of genetic and
hereditary implications for the development of COPD is still under investigation,
although exposure to similar predisposing factors (e.g., smoking or inhaling
secondhand smoke) may increase the likelihood of COPD incidence among family
members. Options B and D do not exceed the risks associated with cigarette
smoking in the development of COPD.
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary aldosteronism, the nurse expects the
laboratory test results to indicate a decreased serum level of which substance?
A.
Sodium
B.
Phosphate
C.
Potassium
D.
Glucose - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit a profound decline in serum
,HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B 2024-
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
levels of potassium; hypokalemia; hypertension is the most prominent and universa
sign. The serum sodium level is normal or elevated, depending on the amount of
water resorbed with the sodium. Option B is influenced by parathyroid hormone
(PTH). Option D is not affected by primary aldosteronism.
The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with Parkinson disease
Which question will provide additional information about manifestations that the
client is likely to experience?
A.
"Have you ever experienced any paralysis of your arms or legs?"
B.
"Do you have frequent blackout spells?"
C.
"Have you ever been frozen in one spot, unable to move?"
D.
"Do you have headaches, especially ones with throbbing pain?" - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:Clients with Parkinson disease frequently experience difficulty in
initiating, maintaining, and performing motor activities. They may even experience
being rooted to the spot and unable to move. Parkinson disease does not typically
cause option A, B, or D.
Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of obtaining
census determination for a particular unit provides the best formula for determining
long-range staffing patterns?
A.
Midnight census
,HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B 2024-
2025 ACTUAL EXAM AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED
A+/NEWEST UPDATE
B.
Oncoming shift census
C.
Average daily census
D.
Hourly census - (ANSWERS)C
Rationale:An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into
account seasonal and daily fluctuations, so it is the best method for determining
staffing needs. Options A and B provide data at a certain point in time, and that dat
could change quickly. It is unrealistic to expect to obtain an hourly census, and suc
data would only provide information about a certain point in time.
A male client has just undergone a laryngectomy and has a cuffed tracheostomy tub
in place. When initiating bolus tube feedings postoperatively, when should the nurs
inflate the cuff?
A.
Immediately after feeding
B.
Just prior to tube feeding
C.
Continuous inflation is required
D.
Inflation is not required - (ANSWERS)B
Rationale:The cuff should be inflated before the feeding to block the trachea and
prevent food from entering if oral feedings are started while a cuffed tracheostomy
tube is in place. It should remain inflated throughout the feeding to prevent
