TEST BANK
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
5th Edition
TEST BANK
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and
that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period
after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse
accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may
play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being
unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Understand
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she
reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the
number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant
mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity
care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice
of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants
Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development
of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced
the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are
still in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under
development. Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, Integrated dProcess: dTeaching/Learning
dReference: dp. d3
5. When dpreparing da dclient dfor dsurgery, dthe dnurse dexplains dthat dthe duse dof dan
dantiseptic dduring dthe dsurgery dhas dgreatly dimproved dclient dsurvival drates dand
dwas dstarted dby dwhich dphysician?
A. Louis d Pasteur
B. Ignaz dPhilip dSemmelweis
C. Joseph d Lister
D. Alexander
dGordon dAnswer: dC
Rationale: dJoseph dLister dwas da dBritish dsurgeon dwho dembraced dLouis dPasteur's dtheory
dof d microorganisms das dthe dcause dof dinfection. dLister dused dcarbolic dacid das dan
dantiseptic dduring dsurgery dand dimproved dthe dsurvival drates dof dhis dpatients. dAlexander
dGordon dproposed dthe dtheory dof dinfection. d Oliver d Wendell d Holmes dand dIgnaz dPhilip
dSemmelweis dconfirmed dhis dtheory.
Question dformat: dMultiple dChoice
Chapter d1: dThe dNurse's dRole din da dChanging dMaternal-Child dHealth dCare dEnvironment
dCognitive dLevel: d Apply
Client dNeeds: dSafe, dEffective dCare dEnvironment: dSafety dand dInfection dControl dIntegrated
dProcess: d Nursing dProcess
Reference: dp. d4
6. A dyoung dcouple dare dvery dexcited dto dlearn dthey dare dexpecting dtheir dfirst dchild dand
dquestion dthe dnurse dabout dwhich dtest dthey dneed dto ddiscover dits dgender. dWhich dprocedure
dwill dbest dprovide dthis dinformation dto dthe dcouple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic dvillus dsampling
D. HGP
Answer: d A
Rationale: dUltrasound dis da dvisual dmethod dfor dassessing dthe dfetus din dthe duterus dand dwill
dprovide dinformation dabout dthe dgender. dAmniocentesis dand dchorionic dvillus dsampling
dprovide dthe dentire dgenetic dcode dof dthe dfetus. dHGP drefers dto dthe dHuman d Genome
dProject, dwhich dcan dprovide dinformation dregarding dgene d mutations dand dvariations.
Question dformat: dMultiple dChoice
Chapter d1: dThe dNurse's dRole din da dChanging dMaternal-Child dHealth dCare dEnvironment
dCognitive dLevel: d Apply
Client dNeeds: dHealth dPromotion dand dMaintenance
dIntegrated dProcess: dCaring
Reference: dp. d6
INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
5th Edition
TEST BANK
,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
A. Joseph Brennaman
B. John Bowlby
C. Marshal Klaus
D. John Kennell
Answer: B
Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to high
infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus and John
Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of newborns and parents.
They established that early separation may have long-term effects on family relationships and
that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at birth and for a significant period
after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early childhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 4
2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the nurse
accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality rate?
A. Having formal education.
B. Being unmarried.
C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care.
Answer: D
Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level may
play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible. Being
unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Understand
,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
Answer: D
Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she
reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is the
number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births. Infant
mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 9
4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity
care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the practice
of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory
C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth attendants
Answer: B
Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The development
of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ theory advanced
the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring women. Pediatrics as a
specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest development, and midwives are
still in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and birthing centers are still under
development. Forceps are not considered an advance in maternity care.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
Level: Analyze
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
, Integrated dProcess: dTeaching/Learning
dReference: dp. d3
5. When dpreparing da dclient dfor dsurgery, dthe dnurse dexplains dthat dthe duse dof dan
dantiseptic dduring dthe dsurgery dhas dgreatly dimproved dclient dsurvival drates dand
dwas dstarted dby dwhich dphysician?
A. Louis d Pasteur
B. Ignaz dPhilip dSemmelweis
C. Joseph d Lister
D. Alexander
dGordon dAnswer: dC
Rationale: dJoseph dLister dwas da dBritish dsurgeon dwho dembraced dLouis dPasteur's dtheory
dof d microorganisms das dthe dcause dof dinfection. dLister dused dcarbolic dacid das dan
dantiseptic dduring dsurgery dand dimproved dthe dsurvival drates dof dhis dpatients. dAlexander
dGordon dproposed dthe dtheory dof dinfection. d Oliver d Wendell d Holmes dand dIgnaz dPhilip
dSemmelweis dconfirmed dhis dtheory.
Question dformat: dMultiple dChoice
Chapter d1: dThe dNurse's dRole din da dChanging dMaternal-Child dHealth dCare dEnvironment
dCognitive dLevel: d Apply
Client dNeeds: dSafe, dEffective dCare dEnvironment: dSafety dand dInfection dControl dIntegrated
dProcess: d Nursing dProcess
Reference: dp. d4
6. A dyoung dcouple dare dvery dexcited dto dlearn dthey dare dexpecting dtheir dfirst dchild dand
dquestion dthe dnurse dabout dwhich dtest dthey dneed dto ddiscover dits dgender. dWhich dprocedure
dwill dbest dprovide dthis dinformation dto dthe dcouple?
A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic dvillus dsampling
D. HGP
Answer: d A
Rationale: dUltrasound dis da dvisual dmethod dfor dassessing dthe dfetus din dthe duterus dand dwill
dprovide dinformation dabout dthe dgender. dAmniocentesis dand dchorionic dvillus dsampling
dprovide dthe dentire dgenetic dcode dof dthe dfetus. dHGP drefers dto dthe dHuman d Genome
dProject, dwhich dcan dprovide dinformation dregarding dgene d mutations dand dvariations.
Question dformat: dMultiple dChoice
Chapter d1: dThe dNurse's dRole din da dChanging dMaternal-Child dHealth dCare dEnvironment
dCognitive dLevel: d Apply
Client dNeeds: dHealth dPromotion dand dMaintenance
dIntegrated dProcess: dCaring
Reference: dp. d6
