exam 1 practice (ch 1-5) Questions with Correct Answers

____ are the units of heredity -cells -genes -chromosomes -pedigrees - ANSWERSgenes which of the following is the genetic material of cells? -DNA -RNA -protein -it has not been identified - ANSWERSDNA the field of genetics that studies the interactions of many genes is called ___ -proteomics -genomics -genetic counseling -karyotype analysis - ANSWERSgenomics which of the following is not a potential use for results of genetic testing? -to detect genes that affect addictive behavior -to diagnose and treat cancer -to indicate which types of infections a patient is most susceptible to, and which antibiotics will most effectively treat them -all of the above are potential uses of genetic testing - ANSWERSall of the above are potential uses of genetic testing variants of genes are called ____, and these arise by a process called ____ -alleles ; mutation -cells ; mutation -recessives ; differentiation -chromosomes ; mitosis - ANSWERSalleles ; mutation a variant in a sequence of DNA that is present in at least 1% of a population is called a(n)____ -gene -allele -autosome -polymorphism - ANSWERSpolymorphism a human female has ____ pairs of autosomes and ____ sex chromosomes -23 ; XX -23 ; X -22 ; XX -22 ; XY - ANSWERS22 ; XX Linda and Ben request prenatal genetic testing to determine if their unborn child has down syndrome. cells are collected from the fetus and the chromosomes are examined in a ____ analysis. -pedigree -karyotype -multifactorial -mendelian - ANSWERSkaryotype a gene may have many alleles, but each individual has only two alleles because ______ -having more than two alleles is lethal -having more than two alleles unbalances the chromosomes -a person has two parents who each contribute one allele -a backup set of alleles is necessary In case something goes wrong - ANSWERSa person has two parents who each contribute one allele the ____ refers to the underlying instructions in an individual (alleles present), while the ____ is the visible trait, biochemical change, or effect on health (alleles expressed) -phenotype ; karyotype -karyotype ; phenotype -genotype ; autosome -genotype ; phenotype - ANSWERSgenotype ; phenotype all the alleles in a population constitute the ____ -chromosome complement -karyotype -gene pool -allele group - ANSWERSgene pool which of the following statements is true regarding genomes? -humans and chimpanzees share about 50% of their DNA sequences -comparisons of people at the genome level reveal that we are much more alike genetically than are other mammals -the more different DNA sequences of two species are to one another, the more recently two species diverged from a single ancestor -all of the above are true regarding genomes - ANSWERScomparisons of people at the genome level reveal that we are much more alike genetically than are other mammals traits determined by one or more genes and by the environment are called _____ -genetically determined -mendelian traits -polymorphisms -multifactorial - ANSWERSmultifactorial a transgenic organism has ___ -no genes at all -a gene or genes from a different species -a dominant phenotype -had its genome sequenced - ANSWERSa gene or genes from a different species the technique of ____ attempts to correct certain genetic disorders -karyotype analysis -risk assessment -genomics -gene therapy - ANSWERSgene therapy DNA profiling can be used to _____ -identify remains of individuals -overturn convictions of innocent people -determine family relationships -all of the above - ANSWERSall of the above ____ is the use of organisms to produce goods or services -pedigree analysis -DNA profiling -biotechnology -genetic counseling - ANSWERSbiotechnology organisms altered to have new genes or to over or underexpress their own genes are termed _____ -gene therapy -DNA profiling -genetically modified (GM) organisms -karyotype analysis - ANSWERSgenetically modified (GM) organisms