Chapter 1: Introduction to Chemistry –
Review Questions & Answers
A. Short Answer Questions
Q1. Define Chemistry.
Answer: Chemistry is the study of matter, its composition, properties, and the changes it
undergoes.
Q2. State three branches of chemistry and give one application of each.
Organic Chemistry – study of carbon compounds (e.g., manufacture of plastics, fuels).
Inorganic Chemistry – study of elements and compounds without carbon (e.g.,
manufacture of fertilizers, ceramics).
Physical Chemistry – study of energy changes in reactions (e.g., batteries, energy
storage).
(Other branches: Analytical chemistry, Biochemistry, Industrial chemistry.)
Q3. List five laboratory apparatus and state their uses.
Test tube – holding small amounts of substances for reactions.
Beaker – holding and mixing solutions.
Measuring cylinder – measuring approximate volumes of liquids.
Burette – measuring accurate volumes in titration.
Tripod stand – supporting apparatus during heating.
Q4. Give three safety precautions you should observe when heating substances in a test
tube.
Always point the mouth of the test tube away from yourself and others.
Use a test tube holder to hold it, not bare hands.
Do not heat a closed test tube to avoid explosion.
, Q5. Why is Chemistry considered an important subject in daily life? Mention at least four
examples.
Medicine (drugs, vaccines, anesthesia).
Agriculture (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides).
Industry (fuels, plastics, soaps, cosmetics).
Food science (preservatives, flavoring, additives).
Environmental conservation (pollution control, water treatment).
Q6. What is the difference between a chemist and a chemical engineer?
Chemist: Studies properties, composition, and reactions of substances (research, lab
analysis).
Chemical Engineer: Applies chemistry in designing processes and equipment for large-
scale production.
Q7. Why is it important to wear a lab coat in the laboratory?
Answer: To protect the body and clothes from harmful chemical spills and splashes.
Q8. Suggest two first aid measures for a minor acid spill on the skin.
Wash immediately with plenty of running water.
Neutralize gently with a weak base (e.g., sodium bicarbonate solution).
B. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Q1. Which of the following is NOT a branch of chemistry?
a) Organic chemistry
b) Inorganic chemistry
c) Physical chemistry
d) Astronomy
Answer: d) Astronomy
Q2. Which of the following apparatus is best for measuring an accurate volume of liquid?
a) Beaker
Review Questions & Answers
A. Short Answer Questions
Q1. Define Chemistry.
Answer: Chemistry is the study of matter, its composition, properties, and the changes it
undergoes.
Q2. State three branches of chemistry and give one application of each.
Organic Chemistry – study of carbon compounds (e.g., manufacture of plastics, fuels).
Inorganic Chemistry – study of elements and compounds without carbon (e.g.,
manufacture of fertilizers, ceramics).
Physical Chemistry – study of energy changes in reactions (e.g., batteries, energy
storage).
(Other branches: Analytical chemistry, Biochemistry, Industrial chemistry.)
Q3. List five laboratory apparatus and state their uses.
Test tube – holding small amounts of substances for reactions.
Beaker – holding and mixing solutions.
Measuring cylinder – measuring approximate volumes of liquids.
Burette – measuring accurate volumes in titration.
Tripod stand – supporting apparatus during heating.
Q4. Give three safety precautions you should observe when heating substances in a test
tube.
Always point the mouth of the test tube away from yourself and others.
Use a test tube holder to hold it, not bare hands.
Do not heat a closed test tube to avoid explosion.
, Q5. Why is Chemistry considered an important subject in daily life? Mention at least four
examples.
Medicine (drugs, vaccines, anesthesia).
Agriculture (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides).
Industry (fuels, plastics, soaps, cosmetics).
Food science (preservatives, flavoring, additives).
Environmental conservation (pollution control, water treatment).
Q6. What is the difference between a chemist and a chemical engineer?
Chemist: Studies properties, composition, and reactions of substances (research, lab
analysis).
Chemical Engineer: Applies chemistry in designing processes and equipment for large-
scale production.
Q7. Why is it important to wear a lab coat in the laboratory?
Answer: To protect the body and clothes from harmful chemical spills and splashes.
Q8. Suggest two first aid measures for a minor acid spill on the skin.
Wash immediately with plenty of running water.
Neutralize gently with a weak base (e.g., sodium bicarbonate solution).
B. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Q1. Which of the following is NOT a branch of chemistry?
a) Organic chemistry
b) Inorganic chemistry
c) Physical chemistry
d) Astronomy
Answer: d) Astronomy
Q2. Which of the following apparatus is best for measuring an accurate volume of liquid?
a) Beaker
