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ANP 652 Final Exam Study Guide with accurate detailed solutions

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ANP 652 Final Exam Study Guide with accurate detailed solutions

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ANP 652 Final Exam Study Guide with accurate ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




detailed solutions ||/|\|||




Characteristics and Symptoms of Dementia - correct answer✔✔Cognitive: mental decline, ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




confusion in the evening hours, disorientation, inability to speak or understand language, ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




making things up, mental confusion, or inability to recognize common things
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Behavioral: irritability, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




getting lost ||/|\|||




Mood: anxiety, loneliness, mood swings, or nervousness
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Psychological: depression, hallucination, or paranoia ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Muscular: inability to combine muscle movements or unsteady walking ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Also common: memory loss, falling, jumbled speech, or sleep disorder
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Pathophysiology of Dementia - correct answer✔✔Dementia is caused by damage to or loss ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




of nerve cells and their connections in the brain. Depending on the area of the brain that's
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damaged, dementia can affect people differently and cause different symptoms. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Dementias are often grouped by what they have in common, such as the protein or proteins ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




deposited in the brain or the part of the brain that's affected. Some diseases look like ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




dementias, such as those caused by a reaction to medications or vitamin deficiencies, and ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




they might improve with treatment.
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What is a focal seizure? - correct answer✔✔Occurs in one part of the brain, child will
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remain conscious, may verbalize during the seizure ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Triad of Parkinson's Disease - correct answer✔✔resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia
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,AIDS dementia complex - correct answer✔✔the mental disorder resulting from an attack by
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HIV on the brain and nerves
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Dementia Screening Tools - correct answer✔✔MMSE ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




MOCA

SLUMS

Mini-Cog



Sinusitis treatment - correct answer✔✔Decongestant, acetaminophen, fluids, rest,
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antibiotics

Broad-spectrum antibiotics for bacterial infection ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Antifungals and/or surgery for fungal infection ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Symptoms of Acute Angle Glaucoma - correct answer✔✔sudden occular pain, seeing halos ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




around light, red eye ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Giant Cell Ateritis - correct answer✔✔an inflammation of the arteries in and around the
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




scalp. unknown cause. ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Diagnosed by biopsy of the temporal artery. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




SXS: HA, jaw pain, vision loss, fever, and fatigue.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




TX: Prompt tx w/steroids to prevent permanent vision loss. NSAIDS.
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Complications: irreversible vission loss ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Temporal arteritis - correct answer✔✔a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||

, Trigeminal Neuralgia - correct answer✔✔characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Measurement of Jugular Oxygen Saturation - correct answer✔✔Normal jugular venous ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




oxygen saturation (SJVO2) ranges between 60 and 90%. A decline to below 50% is ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




considered indicative of cerebral ischaemia. Spontaneous episodes of desaturation (SJVO2 < ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




50% for at least 15 min) were frequent during the acute phase of these insults.
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Types of Migraine headaches - correct answer✔✔Migraines - dysfunction of the brain stem
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




pathways that normally modulates sensory input. Rise in plasma serotonin dilates the ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




cerebral vessels. ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- can be triggered by: menstrual cycle, bright lights, stress, oral contraceptives, certain foods,
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




fatigue, overuse of certain meds, sleep deprivation ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- migraines without aura is the most common type
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- its unilateral with moderate pain; may cause photophobia, phonophobia & nausea
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Tension-type - steady & constant feeling of pressure that usually begins in the forehead, ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




temple or back of neck. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- often bandlike or may be described as " a weight on top of my head"
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Cluster Headache - severe form of vascular headache. ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- Unilateral and come in clusters of 1 to 8 daily
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- excruciating pain localized to the eye & orbit, radiating to the facial & temporal regions
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- pain accompanied by watery eyes and may have crescendo-decrescendo pattern
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- attacks last from 15min to 3 hrs
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




- pain described as penetrating
||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||




Cranial arteritis - ||/|\||| ||/|\||| ||/|\|||
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