Test Bank For Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by (Capriotti), Chapter 1 - 46 > Pdf File <

TEST BANK For Davis Advantage for
Pathophysiology



Covered

,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
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Multiple Choice 00


Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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0 0 0 0 1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
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1.
The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
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2.
The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
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3.

The concentration of potassium ions should be high
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er outside the cell compartment.
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4.

The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in tw
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o
potassium ions. 00




0 0 0 0 2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amoun
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t of energy as is created inthe presence of oxygen?
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1.
Dissipation of pyruvic acid 00 00 00

2.
Initiation of the citric acid cycle 00 00 00 00 00

3.
Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A 00 00 00

4.
Creation of acidosis via lactic acid 00 00 00 00 00




0 0 0 0 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic
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energy metabolism? 00


1. 2 0000


2. 3 0000


3. 34 0000


4. 53 0000




0 0 0 0 4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
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1.
Ribosomes
2.
Mitochondria
3.
Ribonucleic acids 00

4.
Deoxyribonucleic acids 00




0 0 0 0 5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a perso
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n is exercising?
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1.
Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
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2.
There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
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3.
The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
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4.
Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
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0 0 0 0 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
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1.
During 00endoplasmic reticulum stress 00 00

2.
During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
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3.
During a severe hypoxic state
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4.
During the processing of prohormone
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0 0 0 0 7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris
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out of the lungs?
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1.
Cilia
2.
Microfilaments

, 3.
Secretory vesicles 0 0

4.
Endoplasmic reticula 0 0




0 0 0 0 8. 0 0 0 0 Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
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1.
Actin and myosin
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2.
Prohormone and tubulin 00 00

3.
Tubulin and actin 00 00

4.
Myosin and prohormone 00 00




0 0 9. 0 0 Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
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1.
Proteasome
2.
Peroxisome
3.
Macrophage
4.
Lysosomal enzymes 00




10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
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1.
Accumulation of ganglioside 00 00

2.
Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
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3.
Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity 00 00 00 00

4.
Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
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11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
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1.
During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
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2.
During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
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3.
During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4.
During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
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12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which functio
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n is likely to beinvolved?
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1.
Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
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2.
Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
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3.
Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

4.
Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum 00 00 00 00 00




13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Whi
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ch cellular componentis examined to determine the cause and probability of t
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he disease being genetically transferred?
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1.
Transfer RNA 00

2.
Ribosomal RNA 0 0

3.
Double helix of DNA 00 00 00

4.
Mitochondrial DNA 0 0




14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain durin
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g a long, steepclimb.
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Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1.
Cellular hypoxia 00

2.
Autolysis
3.
Heterolysis
4.
Cellular edema 00

, 15.
00 0 0 Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
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1.
The pairing of nitrogenous bases
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2.
The presence of pyrimidine bases
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3.
The presence of nucleotides
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4.
The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
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16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
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1. 2 0000


2. 3 0000


3. 4 0000


4. 5 0000




00 17. 0 0 Which components form the structure of DNA?
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1.
Nucleotides
2.
Amino acids 00

3.
Fatty acids 00

4.
Phosphates

18.
00 0 0 Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
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1.
Free-standing ribosomes within the cell 00 00 00 00

2.
Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
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3.
Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
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4.
Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
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00 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chla
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mydia infection. Which is the mechanism of action of the drug?
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1.
It prevents the replication of bacteria.
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2.
It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
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3.
It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
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4.
It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
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20.
00 0 0 Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
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1.
In the ribosomes
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2.
In the Golgi apparatus
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3.
In the secretory granules
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4.
In the endoplasmic reticulum
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21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
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1.
Nucleus
2.
Ribosome
3.
Golgi apparatus 00

4.
Endoplasmic reticulum 0 0




Multiple Response
00


Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
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