BIOLOGY 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM 07/29/2025
BIOL 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST 2025 A+ RATED
Which of the following is a function of excretory systems?
a. They help regulate osmotic potential and the volume of extracellular fluids
b. They excrete molecules that are present in excess
c. They conserve molecules that are valuable or in short supply
d. All of the above
Marine invertebrates in which the salinity of body fluids changes with the osmotic potential of their
environments are known as
a. osmoconformers
b. osmoregulators
c. hypotonic
d. hypertonic
The reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and many other molecules needed by the body is driven by:
a. active transport carriers
b. diffusion
c. facilitated diffusion
, BIOLOGY 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM 07/29/2025
d. homeostasis
Select the incorrectly matched osmoregulatory organ and the organism that uses it.
a. antennal glands—annelids
b. protonephridia—flatworms
c. Malpighian tubules—insects
d. kidney—fish
Terrestrial organisms must conserve water. The least amount of water is lost with the excretion of which
nitrogenous waste product?
a. Carbon dioxide
b. Uric acid
c. Ammonia
d. Urea
b. Uric acid (more concentrated)
Which of the following is a function of excretory systems?
a. They help regulate osmotic potential and the volume of extracellular fluids
b. They excrete molecules that are present in excess
c. They conserve molecules that are valuable or in short supply
d. All of the above
, BIOLOGY 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM 07/29/2025
Which of the following operates by passing fluids into a tube, and then secreting or reabsorbing specific
substances?
a. Flame cells of flatworms
b. Metanephridiaof annelid worms
c. Malpighian tubules of insects
d. Vertebrate nephrons
e. All of the above
The mammalian kidney contains structures that can perform various functions. These functions
include:I-excretion.II-reabsorption.III-secretion.IV-filtration.
a. I and II
b. I, II, and III
c. I, II, III, and IV
d. II and III
e. II, III, and IV
The molecule that provokes a specific immune response is a(n)
a. antigen.
b. lymphocyte.
c. antibody.
d. lysozyme.
, BIOLOGY 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM 07/29/2025
When an individual is first exposed to the smallpox virus, several days pass before significant numbers of
specific antibody molecules and T cells are produced. However, a second exposure to the virus causes a
large and rapid production of antibodies and T cells. This response is an example of
a. antigenic determinants.
b. phagocytosis.
c. interferon production.
d. immunological memory.
What is the difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?
Innate immunity is the first line of defense and it is general (responding to pathogen patterns). The
adaptive immune system is specific and forms an immunological memory so it can respond faster the
second time.
innate - initial rapid response that is nonspecific
adaptive - slower but specific response
What are the signs of inflammation?
a. All of the below
b. Pain
c. Heat
d. Redness & swelling
e. Loss of function
Which of the following is used by infected cells as part of the signaling of the inflammatory response?
BIOL 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST 2025 A+ RATED
Which of the following is a function of excretory systems?
a. They help regulate osmotic potential and the volume of extracellular fluids
b. They excrete molecules that are present in excess
c. They conserve molecules that are valuable or in short supply
d. All of the above
Marine invertebrates in which the salinity of body fluids changes with the osmotic potential of their
environments are known as
a. osmoconformers
b. osmoregulators
c. hypotonic
d. hypertonic
The reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, and many other molecules needed by the body is driven by:
a. active transport carriers
b. diffusion
c. facilitated diffusion
, BIOLOGY 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM 07/29/2025
d. homeostasis
Select the incorrectly matched osmoregulatory organ and the organism that uses it.
a. antennal glands—annelids
b. protonephridia—flatworms
c. Malpighian tubules—insects
d. kidney—fish
Terrestrial organisms must conserve water. The least amount of water is lost with the excretion of which
nitrogenous waste product?
a. Carbon dioxide
b. Uric acid
c. Ammonia
d. Urea
b. Uric acid (more concentrated)
Which of the following is a function of excretory systems?
a. They help regulate osmotic potential and the volume of extracellular fluids
b. They excrete molecules that are present in excess
c. They conserve molecules that are valuable or in short supply
d. All of the above
, BIOLOGY 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM 07/29/2025
Which of the following operates by passing fluids into a tube, and then secreting or reabsorbing specific
substances?
a. Flame cells of flatworms
b. Metanephridiaof annelid worms
c. Malpighian tubules of insects
d. Vertebrate nephrons
e. All of the above
The mammalian kidney contains structures that can perform various functions. These functions
include:I-excretion.II-reabsorption.III-secretion.IV-filtration.
a. I and II
b. I, II, and III
c. I, II, III, and IV
d. II and III
e. II, III, and IV
The molecule that provokes a specific immune response is a(n)
a. antigen.
b. lymphocyte.
c. antibody.
d. lysozyme.
, BIOLOGY 1082 MIDTERM 3 VOCAB & PRS EXAM 07/29/2025
When an individual is first exposed to the smallpox virus, several days pass before significant numbers of
specific antibody molecules and T cells are produced. However, a second exposure to the virus causes a
large and rapid production of antibodies and T cells. This response is an example of
a. antigenic determinants.
b. phagocytosis.
c. interferon production.
d. immunological memory.
What is the difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?
Innate immunity is the first line of defense and it is general (responding to pathogen patterns). The
adaptive immune system is specific and forms an immunological memory so it can respond faster the
second time.
innate - initial rapid response that is nonspecific
adaptive - slower but specific response
What are the signs of inflammation?
a. All of the below
b. Pain
c. Heat
d. Redness & swelling
e. Loss of function
Which of the following is used by infected cells as part of the signaling of the inflammatory response?
