Literatuur Perfect Selfie
Inhoudsopgave
Literatuur Perfect Selfie................................................................................................................................. 1
College 1........................................................................................................................................................ 2
Lawler (2015) Becoming ourselves: governing and/through identities...............................................................2
Lawler (2015) Masquerading as ourselves: self-personation and social life.......................................................5
Tiidenberg (2018) What are selfies......................................................................................................................6
College 2........................................................................................................................................................ 8
Documentaires.....................................................................................................................................................9
College 3........................................................................................................................................................ 9
Widdows (2018) More pain, who gains?.............................................................................................................9
Hakim (2018) The spornosexual.........................................................................................................................11
College 4...................................................................................................................................................... 11
Ellison, Hancock & Toma (2011) Profile as promise: a framework for conceptualizing veracity in online dating
self-presentations...............................................................................................................................................11
Hall, Park, Song & Cody (2010) Strategic misrepresentation in online dating..................................................12
Ranzini & Lutz (2017) Love at first swipe...........................................................................................................13
Peng (2020) To be attractive or authentic.........................................................................................................14
Sharabi & Cauglin (2019) Deception in online dating........................................................................................15
Toma & Hancock (2010) Looks and lies.............................................................................................................15
College 5...................................................................................................................................................... 16
Lupton (2017) Digital media and body weight, shape, and size: an introduction and review..........................16
Pausé (2015) Rebel heart: performing fatness wrong online............................................................................17
College 6...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Browne (2009) Digital epidermalization: race, identity and biometrics............................................................18
Manuel (2019) Facebook will finally ask permission before using facial recognition on you............................19
Pugliese (2007) Biometrics, infrastructural whiteness and the racialized zero degree of nonrepresentation..19
College 7...................................................................................................................................................... 20
Ratna (2013) Intersectional plays of identity: the experiences of British Asian female footballers..................20
Sumaya & Toffoletti (2018) Postfeminist paradoxes and cultural difference: unpacking media representations
of American Muslim sportswomen Ibtihaj and Dalilah Muhammad.................................................................21
College 8...................................................................................................................................................... 22
Dehue (2008) De plicht het lot in eigen hand te nemen....................................................................................22
1
,College 9...................................................................................................................................................... 23
Cuomo (2011) Climate change, vulnerability, and responsibility......................................................................23
Weller (2017) Gender dimensions of sustainable consumption........................................................................24
College 10.................................................................................................................................................... 25
Adamson & Kelan (2019) ‘Female heroes’: celebrity executives as postfeminist role models..........................25
Tazzyman (2020) Women’s self-presentation and the transition from classroom to workplace......................26
Rottenberg (2017) Neoliberal feminism and the future of human capital........................................................27
College 11.................................................................................................................................................... 29
Verhaeghen (2019) Normaliteit.........................................................................................................................29
Halberstam (2011) The queer art of failure.......................................................................................................29
Blake (2019) Trolls told me I’m too ugly to post pics.........................................................................................30
College 1
Lawler (2015) Becoming ourselves: governing and/through identities
In this chapter I explore the issue of the self as a project and consider the argument that,
when we are most incited to be ‘free’, we are then most enmeshed in the workings of
2
, power. Autonomy had become a norm that tis us to relentless self-scrutiny, in which we
watch ourselves (and are watched by others) for signs not of deviance and wrongdoing, but
of unhealthy attitudes, desires and perceptions. Foucault’s interventions in this area have
numerous implications, but I want to highlight three major ways in which his work is both
useful and influential: his view of the relationship between power and knowledge, his
argument that particular kinds of identity are ‘made up’ within relations of
power/knowledge, and his perspective on how the self works on itself, in what he calls
‘technologies of the self’.
Power has conventionally been theorized as a prohibitive, denying force, working form the
‘top down’. Another view is ‘knowledge is power’, in the suggestion that we can achieve
power (and thus free ourselves from external powers) through achieving knowledge. This
conceptualization assumes a true self which lies outside or beyond power (and, indeed,
outside the social world). Foucault opposes the view that knowledge is power, arguing
instead that one of the ways in which power works is through producing ‘truths’ about the
world. These truths come to seem obvious, necessary and self-evident; they form part of the
coherence of the social world and the place of the person within it. We have seen a move
form juridical or law-like power (language of rights and obligations) to forms of normalizing
or regulatory power (language of health, self-fulfillment and normality). This form of power
is dispersed throughout the social network rather than being concentrated in the hands of
the state.
Power announces truth. Its truths are forged on the basis of knowledge (savoir), and this
knowledge refers to discourses. Discourses refine what can be said and thought, and how
these things can be said and thought. They can be seen as verbal and non-verbal ways of
organizing the world, creating some ways of conceptualizing that are seen as axiomatically
obvious and ‘true’, while others are outside sense. The argument being made is that certain
things become ‘true’ not because of any intrinsic property of the statements themselves, but
because they are produced from within authoritative, powerful positions, and they accord
with other ‘truth statements’. They are part of a system of knowledges.
New categories of knowledge produced what they claimed to be describing: new categories
of person. With these new forms of knowledge came new forms of power. The newly
invented category ‘homosexual’ arose out of a broader interest in, and concern with,
‘sexuality’, which began to be a thing in itself rather than simply a set of acts or bodily
sensations. And with this came new forms of scrutiny as new forms of expertise were
produced. With new forms of expertise come new ‘experts’, whose authority derived not
form the Church or the crown but form the percepts of rational science.
One way in which power works, according to this perspective, is through categorizing people
in terms through which they come to understand themselves. In this sense, subjectivities
and identities are created within regimes of power/knowledge.
In explaining the relationship of the self to itself, Foucault uses the concept of
subjectivation: subject to someone else by control and dependence and tied to his own
identity by a conscience or self-knowledge. Both meaning suggest a form of power which
subjugates and makes subject to. Through subjectivation, people become tied to specific
identities: they become subjects. But also they become subject-ed to the rules and norms
engendered by a set of knowledges about these identities. The take up subject-positions –
specific ways of being – available within discourse, understanding themselves according to a
set of criteria provided by the experts whose authority derives from rationality and ‘reason’.
3
Inhoudsopgave
Literatuur Perfect Selfie................................................................................................................................. 1
College 1........................................................................................................................................................ 2
Lawler (2015) Becoming ourselves: governing and/through identities...............................................................2
Lawler (2015) Masquerading as ourselves: self-personation and social life.......................................................5
Tiidenberg (2018) What are selfies......................................................................................................................6
College 2........................................................................................................................................................ 8
Documentaires.....................................................................................................................................................9
College 3........................................................................................................................................................ 9
Widdows (2018) More pain, who gains?.............................................................................................................9
Hakim (2018) The spornosexual.........................................................................................................................11
College 4...................................................................................................................................................... 11
Ellison, Hancock & Toma (2011) Profile as promise: a framework for conceptualizing veracity in online dating
self-presentations...............................................................................................................................................11
Hall, Park, Song & Cody (2010) Strategic misrepresentation in online dating..................................................12
Ranzini & Lutz (2017) Love at first swipe...........................................................................................................13
Peng (2020) To be attractive or authentic.........................................................................................................14
Sharabi & Cauglin (2019) Deception in online dating........................................................................................15
Toma & Hancock (2010) Looks and lies.............................................................................................................15
College 5...................................................................................................................................................... 16
Lupton (2017) Digital media and body weight, shape, and size: an introduction and review..........................16
Pausé (2015) Rebel heart: performing fatness wrong online............................................................................17
College 6...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Browne (2009) Digital epidermalization: race, identity and biometrics............................................................18
Manuel (2019) Facebook will finally ask permission before using facial recognition on you............................19
Pugliese (2007) Biometrics, infrastructural whiteness and the racialized zero degree of nonrepresentation..19
College 7...................................................................................................................................................... 20
Ratna (2013) Intersectional plays of identity: the experiences of British Asian female footballers..................20
Sumaya & Toffoletti (2018) Postfeminist paradoxes and cultural difference: unpacking media representations
of American Muslim sportswomen Ibtihaj and Dalilah Muhammad.................................................................21
College 8...................................................................................................................................................... 22
Dehue (2008) De plicht het lot in eigen hand te nemen....................................................................................22
1
,College 9...................................................................................................................................................... 23
Cuomo (2011) Climate change, vulnerability, and responsibility......................................................................23
Weller (2017) Gender dimensions of sustainable consumption........................................................................24
College 10.................................................................................................................................................... 25
Adamson & Kelan (2019) ‘Female heroes’: celebrity executives as postfeminist role models..........................25
Tazzyman (2020) Women’s self-presentation and the transition from classroom to workplace......................26
Rottenberg (2017) Neoliberal feminism and the future of human capital........................................................27
College 11.................................................................................................................................................... 29
Verhaeghen (2019) Normaliteit.........................................................................................................................29
Halberstam (2011) The queer art of failure.......................................................................................................29
Blake (2019) Trolls told me I’m too ugly to post pics.........................................................................................30
College 1
Lawler (2015) Becoming ourselves: governing and/through identities
In this chapter I explore the issue of the self as a project and consider the argument that,
when we are most incited to be ‘free’, we are then most enmeshed in the workings of
2
, power. Autonomy had become a norm that tis us to relentless self-scrutiny, in which we
watch ourselves (and are watched by others) for signs not of deviance and wrongdoing, but
of unhealthy attitudes, desires and perceptions. Foucault’s interventions in this area have
numerous implications, but I want to highlight three major ways in which his work is both
useful and influential: his view of the relationship between power and knowledge, his
argument that particular kinds of identity are ‘made up’ within relations of
power/knowledge, and his perspective on how the self works on itself, in what he calls
‘technologies of the self’.
Power has conventionally been theorized as a prohibitive, denying force, working form the
‘top down’. Another view is ‘knowledge is power’, in the suggestion that we can achieve
power (and thus free ourselves from external powers) through achieving knowledge. This
conceptualization assumes a true self which lies outside or beyond power (and, indeed,
outside the social world). Foucault opposes the view that knowledge is power, arguing
instead that one of the ways in which power works is through producing ‘truths’ about the
world. These truths come to seem obvious, necessary and self-evident; they form part of the
coherence of the social world and the place of the person within it. We have seen a move
form juridical or law-like power (language of rights and obligations) to forms of normalizing
or regulatory power (language of health, self-fulfillment and normality). This form of power
is dispersed throughout the social network rather than being concentrated in the hands of
the state.
Power announces truth. Its truths are forged on the basis of knowledge (savoir), and this
knowledge refers to discourses. Discourses refine what can be said and thought, and how
these things can be said and thought. They can be seen as verbal and non-verbal ways of
organizing the world, creating some ways of conceptualizing that are seen as axiomatically
obvious and ‘true’, while others are outside sense. The argument being made is that certain
things become ‘true’ not because of any intrinsic property of the statements themselves, but
because they are produced from within authoritative, powerful positions, and they accord
with other ‘truth statements’. They are part of a system of knowledges.
New categories of knowledge produced what they claimed to be describing: new categories
of person. With these new forms of knowledge came new forms of power. The newly
invented category ‘homosexual’ arose out of a broader interest in, and concern with,
‘sexuality’, which began to be a thing in itself rather than simply a set of acts or bodily
sensations. And with this came new forms of scrutiny as new forms of expertise were
produced. With new forms of expertise come new ‘experts’, whose authority derived not
form the Church or the crown but form the percepts of rational science.
One way in which power works, according to this perspective, is through categorizing people
in terms through which they come to understand themselves. In this sense, subjectivities
and identities are created within regimes of power/knowledge.
In explaining the relationship of the self to itself, Foucault uses the concept of
subjectivation: subject to someone else by control and dependence and tied to his own
identity by a conscience or self-knowledge. Both meaning suggest a form of power which
subjugates and makes subject to. Through subjectivation, people become tied to specific
identities: they become subjects. But also they become subject-ed to the rules and norms
engendered by a set of knowledges about these identities. The take up subject-positions –
specific ways of being – available within discourse, understanding themselves according to a
set of criteria provided by the experts whose authority derives from rationality and ‘reason’.
3
