Navigating the DAANCE Landscape: A
Comprehensive Guide to Study Questions,
Glossary Essentials, and Drug Insights.
An Ultimate Study Guide for top Grade
Score A+.
Current Updated Exam Study Guide
2025/2026.
Nose/nasal passages, sinuses, pharynx - ansWhat consists of the upper airway?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, pulmonary alveoli - ansWhat consists of the lower
airway?
Immediate hypersensitivity response that involves antigen-antibody reactions (IgE) -
ansWhat is the most severe type of allergic reaction?
Liver - ansWhat is the largest gland in the body?
Pediatric patients - ansWhat age group of patients will hypoxia occur much more rapidly in?
Bradycardia is a sign relating to hypoxia
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - ansWhat does HIPAA stand
for?
Ischemia - ansA decrease in blood flow in the coronary arteries? Can temporarily or
permanently damage the heart muscle by decreasing O2 available to the muscle cells?
1 year- Plavix & Aspirin - ansIf a cardiac patient just had stent placement, how long are they
required to be on antiplatelet drugs? What are the 2 drugs they usually do together?
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) aka infectious endocarditis - ansType of infection that
can further damage heart valves or cause systemic infections? Requires antibiotic prophylaxis
P wave - ansAtrial depolarization (contraction)
QRS complex - ansVentricular depolarization
T wave - ansVentricular repolarization (relaxation)
Cushing's disease - ansType of disease due to excessive secretion of corticosteroid due to a
presence of a tumor or from administration of high doses of corticosteriod drugs (ex:
Prednisone)
Myxedema - ansChronic long-term hypothyroidism, most commonly seen in older adults
(elderly women) who have had a stroke or stopped taking their thyroid medication
Thyroid crisis - ansMost severe complication of hyperthyroidism from an OMS perspective
Hyperthyroidism - ansUntreated __________ are at an increased risk for outpatient
anesthesia and tend to be sensitive to epinephrine in a local anesthetic
Diabetes Type 1 - ansInsulin-dependent
Diabetes Type 2 - ansNon-insulin dependent
Elevated LFTs (Liver function tests) - ansElevated level of several liver enzymes and
bilirubin is often termed?
Women - ansWhat gender is Propofol more rapidly redistributed in and require 10-15%
larger dose?
Children - ansWhat age group would Propofol redistribute very rapidly, and require at least
50% increase in drug dose?
Diffusion hypoxia - ansWhat is a complication of N2O rapidly moving from blood to alveoli
of lungs, and displaces other gases, including O2
General anesthesia - ansPatient is not aroused, even during painful stimulation. Required
airway intervention & cardiovascular function is impaired
Deep sedation/analgesia - ansCan't be easily aroused, purposeful response to pain, and
requires airway assistance
,Navigating the DAANCE Landscape: A
Comprehensive Guide to Study Questions,
Glossary Essentials, and Drug Insights.
An Ultimate Study Guide for top Grade
Score A+.
Current Updated Exam Study Guide
2025/2026.
Moderate sedation (conscious sedation) - ansResponse to verbal or light tactile touch with no
compromise of airway
Minimal sedation (anxiolysis) - ansNormal response to verbal stimulation with airway
reflexes, ventiliation & cardiovascular functions are unaffected
Valium or Versed - ansWhat drugs are given for minimal sedation (anxiolysis)
Balanced anesthesia - ansAnesthesia that relies on the use of several agents together to
benefit from each other. Using each drug at a smaller dose than required if it were being used
alone
0.2 mg - ansMaximum does of Epi for a healthy patient?
100% O2, Dantrolene (2.5 mg/kg) and IV cold saline (NOT Ringer's) - ansWhat is the
treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia?
Hypertension - ansWhat emergency would a beta blocker be given?
0.04 mg - ansWhat is the maximum dose of Epi for a patient with cardiovascular disease?
Asystole - ansCardiac arrest- has no rhythm or contraction of EKG
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) - ansNo discernable P, QRS or T waves noted. No pumping of
blood at all and no depolarization of the ventricles
V-Fib or Asytole - ansWhat are 2 emergencies would Epi be given in?
Lidocaine - ansWhat are PVCs treated with?
Versed, valium or propofol - ansWhat medications can be given for a severe case of
hyperventilation?
Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) - ansDysrhythmia with a rapid firing of an ectopic focus
with a rate of 140-200 BPM but no P wave
Amiodarone - ansWhat medication would be given for V-tach?
Adenosine, Inderal or Esmolol - ansWhat are 3 different medications that could be given for
SVT?
Atropine - ansWhat medication would be given for symptomatic bradycardia?
Airway obstruction - ansWhat emergency would a cricothyrotomy typically be performed?
ETT, LMA or ETA (endotracheal tube, laryngeal mask airway, esophageal tracheal airway) -
ansWhat type of intubation is preferred with emesis and aspiration?
Medical information that helps oral surgeons identify poor-risk patients, guide treatment, and
written evidence the patient was given to evaluate the treatment plan - ansWhat are the 3
basic requirements to follow when gathering medical information?
Hematuria - ansWhat is the term for blood in the urine?
Pulmonary artery - ansWhat is the artery that carries oxygen-poor (venous) blood from the
heart to the lungs?
Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left
ventricle, aorta - ansWhat is the blood flow through the heart?
100% O2, turn patient to their right side with head down, tonsil suction, intubate - ansWhat is
the treatment for emesis with aspiration?
Laryngospasm - ansCrowing sounds, labored breathing, suprasternal retraction & rocking of
the chest and abdomen (paradoxical) are signs of what?
, Navigating the DAANCE Landscape: A
Comprehensive Guide to Study Questions,
Glossary Essentials, and Drug Insights.
An Ultimate Study Guide for top Grade
Score A+.
Current Updated Exam Study Guide
2025/2026.
100% O2, head tilt chin position, tonsil suction, bag/mask, succinylcholine - ansTreatment of
a laryngospasm
Tracheostomy - ansSurgical airway below level of larynx into the trachea is called what?
Capnograph/capnometer - ansDevice that monitors ventilation in real time by measuring the
level of O2 the patient exhales
Pulse oximeter - ansDevice that monitors ventilation and circulation
Bronchspasm - ansDifficulty with expiration not inspiration, wheezing and labored breathing
are signs of what medical emergency?
100% O2, Albuterol inhaler, epi, ETT/LMA or Igel, and a steroid - ansTreatment of
bronchospasm
MP 1 - ansWhat MP classification is visualization of soft palate, fauces, uvula, anterior and
posterior pillars?
MP 2 - ansWhat MP classification is visualization of soft palate, fauces & uvula?
MP 3 - ansWhat MP classification is visualization of soft palate and base of tongue?
MP 4 - ansWhat MP classification would the soft palate not be visible at all?
Morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin - ansWhat does MONA stand for?
Oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin, and morphine (ONAM) - ansWhat is the actual order of
MONA?
Systolic blood pressure - ansVentricular contraction is which phase of BP?
Dystolic blood pressure - ansVentricular relaxation is what phase of BP?
Repolarization of the ventricles - ansThe T wave on a cardiac monitor tracing is evidence of
what change in polarization?
Epiglottis - ansWhat anatomical structure located at the top of the larynx closes the airway
and prevents foreign bodies from entering the trachea?
Tongue - ansWhat is most likely to cause obstruction of the airway when an anesthetized
patient is lying in a supine position?
Pulmonary artery - ansBlood is pumped to the lungs from the heart through what vessel?
Alveoli - ansSmall, sac-like structures located at the end of the respiratory tract in which O2
and CO2 are exchanged.
Epiglottis - ansSoft tissue valve that covers the larynx and allows food to enter the esophagus
is called the?
Common carotid - ansArtery located in the neck that is readily palpated when looking for a
patient's pulse.
Brain and spinal cord - ansCNS consists of:
Blood supply to the brain - ansPatient with a history of TIA has had a temporary lessening
of?
Ischemic heart disease - ansDecreased blood flow in the coronary arteries is caused by?
Medical history - ansMain purpose of the review of systems is to obtain a careful evaluation
of the patient's ______________?
Drug excretion - ansPatient who has renal disease would be expected to have difficulty with
what?
Comprehensive Guide to Study Questions,
Glossary Essentials, and Drug Insights.
An Ultimate Study Guide for top Grade
Score A+.
Current Updated Exam Study Guide
2025/2026.
Nose/nasal passages, sinuses, pharynx - ansWhat consists of the upper airway?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, pulmonary alveoli - ansWhat consists of the lower
airway?
Immediate hypersensitivity response that involves antigen-antibody reactions (IgE) -
ansWhat is the most severe type of allergic reaction?
Liver - ansWhat is the largest gland in the body?
Pediatric patients - ansWhat age group of patients will hypoxia occur much more rapidly in?
Bradycardia is a sign relating to hypoxia
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - ansWhat does HIPAA stand
for?
Ischemia - ansA decrease in blood flow in the coronary arteries? Can temporarily or
permanently damage the heart muscle by decreasing O2 available to the muscle cells?
1 year- Plavix & Aspirin - ansIf a cardiac patient just had stent placement, how long are they
required to be on antiplatelet drugs? What are the 2 drugs they usually do together?
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) aka infectious endocarditis - ansType of infection that
can further damage heart valves or cause systemic infections? Requires antibiotic prophylaxis
P wave - ansAtrial depolarization (contraction)
QRS complex - ansVentricular depolarization
T wave - ansVentricular repolarization (relaxation)
Cushing's disease - ansType of disease due to excessive secretion of corticosteroid due to a
presence of a tumor or from administration of high doses of corticosteriod drugs (ex:
Prednisone)
Myxedema - ansChronic long-term hypothyroidism, most commonly seen in older adults
(elderly women) who have had a stroke or stopped taking their thyroid medication
Thyroid crisis - ansMost severe complication of hyperthyroidism from an OMS perspective
Hyperthyroidism - ansUntreated __________ are at an increased risk for outpatient
anesthesia and tend to be sensitive to epinephrine in a local anesthetic
Diabetes Type 1 - ansInsulin-dependent
Diabetes Type 2 - ansNon-insulin dependent
Elevated LFTs (Liver function tests) - ansElevated level of several liver enzymes and
bilirubin is often termed?
Women - ansWhat gender is Propofol more rapidly redistributed in and require 10-15%
larger dose?
Children - ansWhat age group would Propofol redistribute very rapidly, and require at least
50% increase in drug dose?
Diffusion hypoxia - ansWhat is a complication of N2O rapidly moving from blood to alveoli
of lungs, and displaces other gases, including O2
General anesthesia - ansPatient is not aroused, even during painful stimulation. Required
airway intervention & cardiovascular function is impaired
Deep sedation/analgesia - ansCan't be easily aroused, purposeful response to pain, and
requires airway assistance
,Navigating the DAANCE Landscape: A
Comprehensive Guide to Study Questions,
Glossary Essentials, and Drug Insights.
An Ultimate Study Guide for top Grade
Score A+.
Current Updated Exam Study Guide
2025/2026.
Moderate sedation (conscious sedation) - ansResponse to verbal or light tactile touch with no
compromise of airway
Minimal sedation (anxiolysis) - ansNormal response to verbal stimulation with airway
reflexes, ventiliation & cardiovascular functions are unaffected
Valium or Versed - ansWhat drugs are given for minimal sedation (anxiolysis)
Balanced anesthesia - ansAnesthesia that relies on the use of several agents together to
benefit from each other. Using each drug at a smaller dose than required if it were being used
alone
0.2 mg - ansMaximum does of Epi for a healthy patient?
100% O2, Dantrolene (2.5 mg/kg) and IV cold saline (NOT Ringer's) - ansWhat is the
treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia?
Hypertension - ansWhat emergency would a beta blocker be given?
0.04 mg - ansWhat is the maximum dose of Epi for a patient with cardiovascular disease?
Asystole - ansCardiac arrest- has no rhythm or contraction of EKG
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) - ansNo discernable P, QRS or T waves noted. No pumping of
blood at all and no depolarization of the ventricles
V-Fib or Asytole - ansWhat are 2 emergencies would Epi be given in?
Lidocaine - ansWhat are PVCs treated with?
Versed, valium or propofol - ansWhat medications can be given for a severe case of
hyperventilation?
Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) - ansDysrhythmia with a rapid firing of an ectopic focus
with a rate of 140-200 BPM but no P wave
Amiodarone - ansWhat medication would be given for V-tach?
Adenosine, Inderal or Esmolol - ansWhat are 3 different medications that could be given for
SVT?
Atropine - ansWhat medication would be given for symptomatic bradycardia?
Airway obstruction - ansWhat emergency would a cricothyrotomy typically be performed?
ETT, LMA or ETA (endotracheal tube, laryngeal mask airway, esophageal tracheal airway) -
ansWhat type of intubation is preferred with emesis and aspiration?
Medical information that helps oral surgeons identify poor-risk patients, guide treatment, and
written evidence the patient was given to evaluate the treatment plan - ansWhat are the 3
basic requirements to follow when gathering medical information?
Hematuria - ansWhat is the term for blood in the urine?
Pulmonary artery - ansWhat is the artery that carries oxygen-poor (venous) blood from the
heart to the lungs?
Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left
ventricle, aorta - ansWhat is the blood flow through the heart?
100% O2, turn patient to their right side with head down, tonsil suction, intubate - ansWhat is
the treatment for emesis with aspiration?
Laryngospasm - ansCrowing sounds, labored breathing, suprasternal retraction & rocking of
the chest and abdomen (paradoxical) are signs of what?
, Navigating the DAANCE Landscape: A
Comprehensive Guide to Study Questions,
Glossary Essentials, and Drug Insights.
An Ultimate Study Guide for top Grade
Score A+.
Current Updated Exam Study Guide
2025/2026.
100% O2, head tilt chin position, tonsil suction, bag/mask, succinylcholine - ansTreatment of
a laryngospasm
Tracheostomy - ansSurgical airway below level of larynx into the trachea is called what?
Capnograph/capnometer - ansDevice that monitors ventilation in real time by measuring the
level of O2 the patient exhales
Pulse oximeter - ansDevice that monitors ventilation and circulation
Bronchspasm - ansDifficulty with expiration not inspiration, wheezing and labored breathing
are signs of what medical emergency?
100% O2, Albuterol inhaler, epi, ETT/LMA or Igel, and a steroid - ansTreatment of
bronchospasm
MP 1 - ansWhat MP classification is visualization of soft palate, fauces, uvula, anterior and
posterior pillars?
MP 2 - ansWhat MP classification is visualization of soft palate, fauces & uvula?
MP 3 - ansWhat MP classification is visualization of soft palate and base of tongue?
MP 4 - ansWhat MP classification would the soft palate not be visible at all?
Morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin - ansWhat does MONA stand for?
Oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin, and morphine (ONAM) - ansWhat is the actual order of
MONA?
Systolic blood pressure - ansVentricular contraction is which phase of BP?
Dystolic blood pressure - ansVentricular relaxation is what phase of BP?
Repolarization of the ventricles - ansThe T wave on a cardiac monitor tracing is evidence of
what change in polarization?
Epiglottis - ansWhat anatomical structure located at the top of the larynx closes the airway
and prevents foreign bodies from entering the trachea?
Tongue - ansWhat is most likely to cause obstruction of the airway when an anesthetized
patient is lying in a supine position?
Pulmonary artery - ansBlood is pumped to the lungs from the heart through what vessel?
Alveoli - ansSmall, sac-like structures located at the end of the respiratory tract in which O2
and CO2 are exchanged.
Epiglottis - ansSoft tissue valve that covers the larynx and allows food to enter the esophagus
is called the?
Common carotid - ansArtery located in the neck that is readily palpated when looking for a
patient's pulse.
Brain and spinal cord - ansCNS consists of:
Blood supply to the brain - ansPatient with a history of TIA has had a temporary lessening
of?
Ischemic heart disease - ansDecreased blood flow in the coronary arteries is caused by?
Medical history - ansMain purpose of the review of systems is to obtain a careful evaluation
of the patient's ______________?
Drug excretion - ansPatient who has renal disease would be expected to have difficulty with
what?
