Chapter 15: Clinical Health Psychology, Clinical Neuropsychology and Forensic Psychology Assessment Questions And Answers Verified Solutions Distinction Guaranteed.

Psychologists with advanced training in these special areas can earn board certification from - correct answer from the American Board of Clinical Health Psychology, the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology, and the American Board of Forensic Psychology. What caused lifestyle factors to replace germs as the major threat to a person's health? - correct answer advances in sanitation and medicine Focus on lifestyle factors - correct answer set the stage for clinical psychologists to play a critical role in health promotion, treatment of disease and rehabilitation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) - correct answer created by the world health organiation to provide a standard language to describe health disability - correct answer impairment, activity limitation, and participation restriction Medical model of disability - correct answer a characteristic of a person, requiring treatment of that person to correct the problem social model of disability - correct answer viewed as a function of both the physical environment and the social environment Biopsychosocial model - correct answer a model that takes into account biological, individual and social factors. functioning or disability is determined by the interaction between health conditions and contextual factors Contextual factors - correct answer individual characteristics such as gender,age,coping style, social background, education, occupation, temperament and behaviour, as well as variables that are external to the individual like climate, physical environment, societal attitudes, legal and social structures Participation and Activity Limitation Survey - correct answer 14.3% disability rate, 4.4 million canadians reported that their activities were limited by health related problmes disability rate 15-64 - correct answer 11.5%--most common related to pain or mobility and agility limitations adults over 65 - correct answer rate rose sharply to 43.4% with the most common being mobility problems--more than half of those over 75 reported some kind of disability Quality of life measures - correct answer appear to be sensitive to change and to have predictive validity in some populations, but an overall lack of standardization Health psychology - correct answer involves application of psychological research in efforts to promote healthy lifestyles as well as to help people adjust to health problems health psychologists in north america - correct answer have generalist training in clinical psych as well as knowledge of psychological issues related to health healt psychologist - correct answer refers to psychologists whose careers focus on research and teaching related to health clinical health psychologist - correct answer refers to those who are also health service providers ontario requires - correct answer a person to have specialized knowledge to practice health psychology Role of health psychologists in UK & Ireland and the US includes - correct answer elements related to improvements in health care systems, UK and Ireland actually has health psychologists who have training that focuses entirely on health psychology Additional Knowledge requirements to practise health psychology in ontario - correct answer health psychology -normal lifespan development -behavioural medicine and psychological issues related to health pediatric health psychology -behavioural medicine and psychological issues related to the health of children -developmental psychology health psychologists - correct answer must be knowledgeable about the physical disorders from which their patients suffer must also know the psychological issues that come with these physical disorders must also consider the quality of the person's relationships, availability of support, nature of the relationship with health care professionals, cultural issues patients concerns must be considered in context of the health care system to which the patient has access Variables taken into account in assessment and intervention in a clinical application of the biopsychosocial model - correct answer Illness variables A. Symptoms and course of the illness B. Factors that elevate the risk of the illness C. Diagnostic procedures D. Treatment procedures II The patient A. Mental health and disorder B.Personality traits and coping styles or mechanisms C. Educational and vocational issues D. Impact of illness on subjective distress, social functioning, activity level, self-care, and overall quality of life III. Social, family, and cultural contexts A. Quality of couple and family relationships B. Socialsupport C. Relationship with health care providers D. Patient's cultural background IV. The health care system A. Medical organization B. Insurance coverage for diagnostic and treatment procedures C. Geographical, social, and psychological barriers to accessing health services D. Existence of disability benefits for medical condition until recently - correct answer it was assumed that babies and very young children did not feel pain strategies to measure pain in infants, children and adults who can't express pain - correct answer asking children about pain, observing behaviour, and watching facial expressions acute pain - correct answer a short term sensation that serves an unpleasant but useful function can be relieved in different ways--application of heat or cold, rest, distraction, administration of analgesics Chronic pain - correct answer lasts six months or longer pain management - correct answer is multidimensional--including physical measures such as the administration of medication and psychological interventions such as training in distraction strategies Methods to manage children's acute pain - correct answer Psychological • Presence of a parent or other special person • Encouragement to ask questions and express feelings • Provision of simple, accurate information about a medical procedure • Provision of some control (e.g., sit on a lap or in a chair) • Distraction: talking, video games, music, books • Imagination: thinking of activities associated with being relaxed and calm • Suggestion that the child let the pain slip away • Play and silliness • Encouragement that the child is doing well Physical • Deep breathing • Comforting touch: stroking, swaddling, holding, rocking, cuddling • Medication Unhelpful strategies • Denying the pain: You won't feel a thing. • Ridiculing or shaming: Only babies cry. • Giving false reassurance: It only takes a second. • Focusing too much on pain: I know you are worried it will hurt a lot. Chronic pain is associated with - correct answer a host of other problems, includ- ing sleep disturbances, depression, and anxiety . Canadians aged 12-44 - correct answer 1/10 live with chronic pain those in institutions - correct answer 4 in 10 older adults living in the community - correct answer 4/10 psychological aspects of chronic pain - correct answer The person's beliefs about pain influence the experience of pain: those who attribute their pain to a traumatic injury, who are fearful of causing further pain by engaging in activity, and who feel unable to control their pain report more in- tense pain symptoms ). Psychological factors play an important role in determining whether the person will recover from the pain or will experience long-term disability Dysfunctional beliefs about pain, lack of social sup- port, heightened emotional reactivity, low job satisfaction, and the possibility of compensation are associated with the experience of chronic problems. Psychologists may be consulted to con- duct assessments in claims for disability due to pain-related injuries. Psychologic treatment of pain - correct answer may be directed at various goals, including the adoption of active coping strategies to manage pain, reduction of avoidance behaviours, improved sleep, adherence to a medication regimen, stress manage- ment, reduction of anxiety related to pain, resolution of interpersonal issues related to pain (e.g., communication difficulties and conflict with family members), and vocational issues psychological approaches to the management of chronic pain - correct answer education about pain, goal setting, biofeedback, relaxation, hypnotherapy, mindfulness, contingency management, exercise and fitness,cognitive restructuring, problem solving,acceptance and commitment, generalization and maintenance how many canadians struggle with sleep issues - correct answer 3.3 million insomnia - correct answer involves difficulties in initiating and/or maintaining sleep