NURS 620 EXAM II (Cardiovascular and Respiratory) | 2025/2026 LATEST UPDATE |
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED ANSWERS
What is the name of the ASCVD risk calculator and what does it entail? Framingham risk
calculator.
-Counts the absence or presence of risk factors
-includes age, BP, smoking status, HDL, LDL, DM
Calculates 10 year CHD risk assessment based on score of risk factors.
<10%
10-25%
>20%
What are the specific risk factors used in the Framingham ASCVD risk calculator? Gender
Age
Ethnicity
Total cholesterol
HDL
Systolic BP
Treatments for BP
DM
Smoking status
,What are some of the methods used to diagnose CAD? *ECG
*Exercise ECG/Stress Test
*Nuclear scanning
*Contrast enhanced CT scan imaging
*Cardiac catheterization with angiography
*Intravascular Ultrasonography
*High sensitivity CRP
How is Coronary Arterial Disease managed? *Risk factor modification
*Controlling the symptoms
*Preventing the disease progression
*Fibrinolytic agents
*PCI (balloon angioplasty, stent placement)
*Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
*Medications: Beta-blocker, asa, statin, nitrates
*Patients c PCI within 1 year may be on dual anti-platelet therapy
-ASA + Plavix, Brilinta, or Effient
-NEVER STOP in patient with drug eluding stent
within 1 year without talking to cardiology.
What is acute coronary syndrome? Acute coronary syndrome is most often caused by
plaque rupture or clot formation in the heart's arteries.
,Symptoms may include heart attack-like chest pressure, chest pressure while resting or doing
light activity, or sudden heart stoppage.
This condition is treatable if diagnosed quickly. Treatment may include medications, such as
blood thinners, clot busters, or beta blockers. Surgery may be needed.
What does Acute Coronary Syndrome consist of? Stable angina
Unstable angina
Variant angina
Myocardial infarction
Chest pain is not always coronary related. What are some other diseases that may present with
chest pain? Pulmonary embolism
Aortic dissection
Tension Pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Mediastinitis (esophageal rupture)
Non-life threatening (GERD, gastritis, esophagitis, panic attack)
When taking a history of someone having chest pain, what are some of the questions that you
want to ask? Onset of pain?
Site of pain?
Provocation/Palliation
, Quality of pain
Radiation
Timing
Associated symptoms
What is the typical presentation of chest pain when one is having an acute MI? Substernal
compression or crushing
Pressure, tightness, heaviness, cramping, aching sensation
Unexplained indigestion, belching, epigastric pain
Radiating pain to neck, jaw, shoulders, back, or one/both arms
Dyspnea, n/v, diaphoresis
What are some other important questions to ask when dealing with a patient presenting with
chest pain? Prior or recent cardiac testing?
Change in activity tolerance?
Symptoms similar to a prior MI (if applicable)
Comorbidities: HTN, DM, HLD, family hx, PVD, malignancy?
Recent trauma, procedures, or travel?
Substance abuse?
Medication use?
Smoker?
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED ANSWERS
What is the name of the ASCVD risk calculator and what does it entail? Framingham risk
calculator.
-Counts the absence or presence of risk factors
-includes age, BP, smoking status, HDL, LDL, DM
Calculates 10 year CHD risk assessment based on score of risk factors.
<10%
10-25%
>20%
What are the specific risk factors used in the Framingham ASCVD risk calculator? Gender
Age
Ethnicity
Total cholesterol
HDL
Systolic BP
Treatments for BP
DM
Smoking status
,What are some of the methods used to diagnose CAD? *ECG
*Exercise ECG/Stress Test
*Nuclear scanning
*Contrast enhanced CT scan imaging
*Cardiac catheterization with angiography
*Intravascular Ultrasonography
*High sensitivity CRP
How is Coronary Arterial Disease managed? *Risk factor modification
*Controlling the symptoms
*Preventing the disease progression
*Fibrinolytic agents
*PCI (balloon angioplasty, stent placement)
*Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
*Medications: Beta-blocker, asa, statin, nitrates
*Patients c PCI within 1 year may be on dual anti-platelet therapy
-ASA + Plavix, Brilinta, or Effient
-NEVER STOP in patient with drug eluding stent
within 1 year without talking to cardiology.
What is acute coronary syndrome? Acute coronary syndrome is most often caused by
plaque rupture or clot formation in the heart's arteries.
,Symptoms may include heart attack-like chest pressure, chest pressure while resting or doing
light activity, or sudden heart stoppage.
This condition is treatable if diagnosed quickly. Treatment may include medications, such as
blood thinners, clot busters, or beta blockers. Surgery may be needed.
What does Acute Coronary Syndrome consist of? Stable angina
Unstable angina
Variant angina
Myocardial infarction
Chest pain is not always coronary related. What are some other diseases that may present with
chest pain? Pulmonary embolism
Aortic dissection
Tension Pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Mediastinitis (esophageal rupture)
Non-life threatening (GERD, gastritis, esophagitis, panic attack)
When taking a history of someone having chest pain, what are some of the questions that you
want to ask? Onset of pain?
Site of pain?
Provocation/Palliation
, Quality of pain
Radiation
Timing
Associated symptoms
What is the typical presentation of chest pain when one is having an acute MI? Substernal
compression or crushing
Pressure, tightness, heaviness, cramping, aching sensation
Unexplained indigestion, belching, epigastric pain
Radiating pain to neck, jaw, shoulders, back, or one/both arms
Dyspnea, n/v, diaphoresis
What are some other important questions to ask when dealing with a patient presenting with
chest pain? Prior or recent cardiac testing?
Change in activity tolerance?
Symptoms similar to a prior MI (if applicable)
Comorbidities: HTN, DM, HLD, family hx, PVD, malignancy?
Recent trauma, procedures, or travel?
Substance abuse?
Medication use?
Smoker?
