ConceptsmofmGenetics,m10em(Klug/Cummings/Spencer/Palladino
)mChapterm1 IntroductionmtomGenetics
1) What mismthemnamemof mthemcompanymorminstitutionmthat mhasmaccessmtomthemhealth,mgenealogical,ma
nd mgeneticminformationmof mapproximatelym270,000mresidentsmof mIceland?
A) NationalmInstitutesmof mHealth
B) deCODE
C) Gattaca
D) Biogen
E) AmericanmCancermSociety
mAnswer: B
Section: Introduction
2) A mbiotechnologymcompany,mdeCODE,misminmthemprocessmof mcreatingmamdatabasemthat mcontains
.
A) themgenemsequencesmof mallmnewbornsminmthemUnited mStatesmbeginningminm2006
B) amcompilationmof mallmthemknownmgenesminmhumansmthroughout mthemfreemworld
C) health,mgenealogical,mand mgeneticminformationmof mapproximatelym270,000mresidentsmof mIceland
D) amcompletemsequencemof mthemhumanmgenome
E) allmtheminformationmavailablemonmthemhumanmgenomemproje
ct mAnswer:C
Section: Introduction
3) Whymdid mdeCODEmselect mIceland mformitsmambitiousmresearchmproject?
A) amrelativelymlowmdegreemof mgeneticmdiversity
B) frequent mand mextensivemmutationalmbursts
C) highmgeneticmdiversity
D) lackmof mgenealogicalminformation
E) virtualmabsencemof mmutatio
nmAnswer: A
Section: Introduction
4) ThemgeneticmmaterialmDNA mconsistsmof mbasicmsubunitsmcalled m .
A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) centrioles
D) nucleotides
E) Nonemof mthemanswersmlisted mismcorrec
t.mAnswer: D
Section: 1.3
1
,5) Themimmediatemproduct mof mtranscriptionmism .
A) amphospholipid
B) anmaminomacid
C) amprotein
D) amcarbohydrate
E) RNA
Answer:
mE m
Section: 1.3
6) Inmmanymspecies,mtheremaremtwomrepresentativesmof meachmchromosome.mInmsuchmspecies,mthemc
haracteristicmnumbermof mchromosomesmismcalled mthem
mnumber.mIt mismusuallymsymbolized masm .
A) haploid;mn
B) haploid;m2n
C) diploid;m2n
D) diploid;mn
E) Nonemof mthemanswersmlisted mismcorrec
t.mAnswer: C
Section: 1.2
7) Geneticsmismthemstudymof m .
A) hereditymand mvariation
B) mutationmand mrecession
C) transcriptionmand mtranslation
D) diploid mand mhaploid
E) replicationmand mrecombinatio
nmAnswer: A
Section: 1.2
8) Earlyminmthemtwentiethmcentury,mWaltermSuttonmand mTheodoremBoverimnoted mthat mthembehaviorm
of mchromosomesmduringmmeiosismismidenticalmtomthembehaviormof mgenesmduringmgametemformation.m
Theymproposed mthat mgenesmaremcarried monmchromosomes,mwhichmled mtomthembasismof mthem
.mAnswer:
ChromosomemTheorymof mInheritance
Section: 1.2
9) What mismammutation?
Answer:
mA mmutationmismanminherited mchangeminmamgen
e.mSection:1.2
10) What mismamsimplemdefinitionmof manmallele?m
Answer:
mAnmallelemismamvariant mformmof mamgene.mSect
ion: 1.2
2
,11) Untilmthemmid-
1940s,mmanymscientistsmconsidered mproteinsmtombemthemlikelymcandidatesmformthemgeneticmmateria
l.mWhy?
Answer:
Proteinsmaremthemmost mabundant,muniversallymdistributed mcomponentsminmcells.mBecau
semof mtheirmgreat mstructuralmand mfunctionalmdiversity,mtheymweremconsidered mlikelymcandidates.
Section: 1.2
12) Namemthemindividualmwho,mwhilemworkingmwithmthemgardenmpeaminmthemmid-
1850s,mdemonstrated mquantitativempatternsmof mhereditymandmdeveloped mamtheoryminvolvingmthembe
haviormof mhereditarymfactors.
Answer:
mGregormMende
lmSection: 1.2
13) What mdoesmthemtermmgeneticsmmean?
Answer:
Geneticsmismamsubdisciplinemof mbiologymconcerned mwithmthemstudymof mheredityma
nd mvariationmat mthemmolecular,mcellular,mdevelopmental,morganismal,mand mpopulationalm lev
els.
Section: 1.2
14) Namemthemsubstancemthat mservesmasmthemhereditarymmaterialminmeukaryotesmand mprokaryot
es.mAnswer: DNAmormdeoxyribonucleicmacid
Section: 1.2
15) Namemtwomindividualsmwhomprovided mthemconceptualmbasismformourmpresent munderstandingmth
at mgenesmaremonmchromosomes.
Answer:
mWaltermSuttonmand mTheodoremBover
imSection: 1.2
16) What mtermmismused mtomdescribemthemfact mthat mdifferent mgenesminmanmorganismmoftenmprovi
demdifferencesminmobservablemfeatures?
Answer:
mphenotype
mSection: 1.2
17) A mfundamentalmpropertymof mDNA'smnitrogenousmbasesmthat mismnecessarymformt
hemdouble-stranded mnaturemof mitsmstructuremism .
Answer:
mcomplementarity
mSection: 1.3
18) Recombinant mDNA mtechnologymismdependent monmamparticularmclassmof menzymes,mknownmas
,mthat mcut mDNA mat mspecificmnucleotidemsequence
s.mAnswer: restrictionmenzymes
Section: 1.4
3
, 19) Namemthembotanist mwho,minm1900,mrediscovered mthemworkmof mGregormMend
el.mAnswer: CarlmCorrens
Section: 1.2
4
)mChapterm1 IntroductionmtomGenetics
1) What mismthemnamemof mthemcompanymorminstitutionmthat mhasmaccessmtomthemhealth,mgenealogical,ma
nd mgeneticminformationmof mapproximatelym270,000mresidentsmof mIceland?
A) NationalmInstitutesmof mHealth
B) deCODE
C) Gattaca
D) Biogen
E) AmericanmCancermSociety
mAnswer: B
Section: Introduction
2) A mbiotechnologymcompany,mdeCODE,misminmthemprocessmof mcreatingmamdatabasemthat mcontains
.
A) themgenemsequencesmof mallmnewbornsminmthemUnited mStatesmbeginningminm2006
B) amcompilationmof mallmthemknownmgenesminmhumansmthroughout mthemfreemworld
C) health,mgenealogical,mand mgeneticminformationmof mapproximatelym270,000mresidentsmof mIceland
D) amcompletemsequencemof mthemhumanmgenome
E) allmtheminformationmavailablemonmthemhumanmgenomemproje
ct mAnswer:C
Section: Introduction
3) Whymdid mdeCODEmselect mIceland mformitsmambitiousmresearchmproject?
A) amrelativelymlowmdegreemof mgeneticmdiversity
B) frequent mand mextensivemmutationalmbursts
C) highmgeneticmdiversity
D) lackmof mgenealogicalminformation
E) virtualmabsencemof mmutatio
nmAnswer: A
Section: Introduction
4) ThemgeneticmmaterialmDNA mconsistsmof mbasicmsubunitsmcalled m .
A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) centrioles
D) nucleotides
E) Nonemof mthemanswersmlisted mismcorrec
t.mAnswer: D
Section: 1.3
1
,5) Themimmediatemproduct mof mtranscriptionmism .
A) amphospholipid
B) anmaminomacid
C) amprotein
D) amcarbohydrate
E) RNA
Answer:
mE m
Section: 1.3
6) Inmmanymspecies,mtheremaremtwomrepresentativesmof meachmchromosome.mInmsuchmspecies,mthemc
haracteristicmnumbermof mchromosomesmismcalled mthem
mnumber.mIt mismusuallymsymbolized masm .
A) haploid;mn
B) haploid;m2n
C) diploid;m2n
D) diploid;mn
E) Nonemof mthemanswersmlisted mismcorrec
t.mAnswer: C
Section: 1.2
7) Geneticsmismthemstudymof m .
A) hereditymand mvariation
B) mutationmand mrecession
C) transcriptionmand mtranslation
D) diploid mand mhaploid
E) replicationmand mrecombinatio
nmAnswer: A
Section: 1.2
8) Earlyminmthemtwentiethmcentury,mWaltermSuttonmand mTheodoremBoverimnoted mthat mthembehaviorm
of mchromosomesmduringmmeiosismismidenticalmtomthembehaviormof mgenesmduringmgametemformation.m
Theymproposed mthat mgenesmaremcarried monmchromosomes,mwhichmled mtomthembasismof mthem
.mAnswer:
ChromosomemTheorymof mInheritance
Section: 1.2
9) What mismammutation?
Answer:
mA mmutationmismanminherited mchangeminmamgen
e.mSection:1.2
10) What mismamsimplemdefinitionmof manmallele?m
Answer:
mAnmallelemismamvariant mformmof mamgene.mSect
ion: 1.2
2
,11) Untilmthemmid-
1940s,mmanymscientistsmconsidered mproteinsmtombemthemlikelymcandidatesmformthemgeneticmmateria
l.mWhy?
Answer:
Proteinsmaremthemmost mabundant,muniversallymdistributed mcomponentsminmcells.mBecau
semof mtheirmgreat mstructuralmand mfunctionalmdiversity,mtheymweremconsidered mlikelymcandidates.
Section: 1.2
12) Namemthemindividualmwho,mwhilemworkingmwithmthemgardenmpeaminmthemmid-
1850s,mdemonstrated mquantitativempatternsmof mhereditymandmdeveloped mamtheoryminvolvingmthembe
haviormof mhereditarymfactors.
Answer:
mGregormMende
lmSection: 1.2
13) What mdoesmthemtermmgeneticsmmean?
Answer:
Geneticsmismamsubdisciplinemof mbiologymconcerned mwithmthemstudymof mheredityma
nd mvariationmat mthemmolecular,mcellular,mdevelopmental,morganismal,mand mpopulationalm lev
els.
Section: 1.2
14) Namemthemsubstancemthat mservesmasmthemhereditarymmaterialminmeukaryotesmand mprokaryot
es.mAnswer: DNAmormdeoxyribonucleicmacid
Section: 1.2
15) Namemtwomindividualsmwhomprovided mthemconceptualmbasismformourmpresent munderstandingmth
at mgenesmaremonmchromosomes.
Answer:
mWaltermSuttonmand mTheodoremBover
imSection: 1.2
16) What mtermmismused mtomdescribemthemfact mthat mdifferent mgenesminmanmorganismmoftenmprovi
demdifferencesminmobservablemfeatures?
Answer:
mphenotype
mSection: 1.2
17) A mfundamentalmpropertymof mDNA'smnitrogenousmbasesmthat mismnecessarymformt
hemdouble-stranded mnaturemof mitsmstructuremism .
Answer:
mcomplementarity
mSection: 1.3
18) Recombinant mDNA mtechnologymismdependent monmamparticularmclassmof menzymes,mknownmas
,mthat mcut mDNA mat mspecificmnucleotidemsequence
s.mAnswer: restrictionmenzymes
Section: 1.4
3
, 19) Namemthembotanist mwho,minm1900,mrediscovered mthemworkmof mGregormMend
el.mAnswer: CarlmCorrens
Section: 1.2
4
