m m m m m
Correct Answers 2023
m m m
Whatmaremthreemprinciplemcharacteristicsmthatmdefineman mACmwaveform?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
ThemthreemprinciplemcharacteristicsmthatmdefinemanmACmwaveformmare:m(1)mfrequency;m(2)m
wavelength;mandm(3)mamplitude.
Whatmismonemof mthembasicmprinciplesmofmresistancemreflectedminmthemfamiliarmpracticesmof mg
roundingmandmbonding?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Groundingmandmbondingmpracticesmreflectmthembasicmprinciplemthatmelectricitymalwaysmfollo
wsmthempath mof mleastmresistance.
Whatmcomprisesmthemimpedancemofmamcoaxialmcablemormamdevicem(connector,mpassive,metc
.)?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Themimpedancemcomprisesmthemcombinedmeffectsmofmamcoaxialmcable'smormamdevice'smresi
stance,minductance,mandmcapacitance.
Whatmismamhigh mpassmfilter?m-mCorrectmAnswer-Amhigh-
passmfiltermismamtypemof mbandpassmfiltermthatmpassesmall mfrequenciesmabovemamspecificmfreq
uencym(e.g.,m50mMHz),mandmeliminatesmcommonmpathmdistortions,mimpulsemnoiseminmthemre
turn mspectrum,mandmanymothermfrequenciesmthatmfall mbelow mthatmspecificmfrequency.
Whatmaremthemdifferingmforward-path mtransmission mbandwidthsmformtraditional mtree-and-
branch mandmHFC marchitectures?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Themfeedermsystemmin mamtraditional mtree-and-
branch marchitecturemsuppliesmthemforwardmsignal mupmtomam50-
550mMHzmpassmband,mandmthemdistributionmsystemminman mHFC mnetworkmtransmitsmthemfor
wardmsignal mupmtomam50-1,000mMHzmpassmband.
Wheremdoesmthemfeedermsystemmforwardmpath mstartmandmendmin mamtree-and-
branch mdesign?m-mCorrectmAnswer-Amtree-and-
branch mfeedermsystemmforwardmpath mstartsmatmthemoutputmofmthembridgermamplifiermmodule
min mthemtrunk/bridgermamplifiermstation mandmendsmatmthemtapmportmof man mRF mtap.
Wheremdoesmthemdistributionmsystemmforwardmpathmbeginmandmendmin man mHFC mdesign?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
An mHFC mdistributionmsystemmforwardmpathmbeginsmatmthemoutputmofmanmRFmamplifiermlocat
edmin mthemoptical mnodemandmendsmatmthemtapmportmof man mRFmtap.
Whatmismthempurposemof mamcoaxial mexpressmcablemin man mHFC mdistribution msystem?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Amcoaxial mexpressmcablemallowsmamparticularmopticalmnodemtomreachmfarthermoutminmthemdist
ribution msystem.
,How mismundergroundmcablemmanufactured?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Undergroundmcablemismmanufacturedmwith mamprotectivemoutermjacketmcoveringmthemalumin
ummsheath mandmfloodingmcompoundmbetween mthemjacketmandmthemsheath.
How mdomfrequencymandmcablemsizemaffectmthemattenuation mof mambroadbandmsignal?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Themattenuationmofmambroadbandmsignalmincreasesmwithmhighermfrequenciesmandmdecreas
esmwith mlargermcablemsize.
Whatmismthemrolemofmsplittersmandmdirectional mcouplersminmthemforwardmandmreturnmpaths?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Splittersmandmdirectional mcouplersmdividemandmroutemthemforwardmRFmsignalmtransmissionmt
hroughoutmthemdistribution msystem,mandmcombinemreturn-
path msignalsmarrivingmfrommseparatemfeedermruns.
How mismACmpowermtransmittedmin man mRFmtap?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
ACmpowermpassesmbidirectionallymthroughmthemtap,mbutmismpreventedmfrommpassingmthroug
h mtomthemtapmportsmexceptmbymdesign min mpower-distributingmtaps.
Whatmismthemdistinctionmbetweenmamlinemextendermamplifiermandmamdistributionmamplifier?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Themdistinctionmismamlinemextender,mwhichmhasmamsinglemoutputmportmandmamdistribution mam
plifier,mormminibridger,mwhichmhasmmultiplemoutputmportsm(typicallymthreemports;mamthrough-
portmandmtwomauxiliarymoutputmports).
Whatmaremfivemimportantmcomponentsmof man mamplifiermstation?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Fivemimportantmamplifiermstationmcomponentsmare:m(1)minputmandmoutputmdiplexmfiltersmthatm
separatemandmcombinemthemforwardmandmreturnmpathsmwithinmthemamplifier;m(2)mforwardman
dmreturn mplug-
in mpadsmandmequalizersmformcontrollingmtheminputmsignal mlevels;m(3)manmRFmamplifiermmodul
e;m(4)man mintegratedmormstand-
alonemDC mpowermsupplymwith mDCmcurrentmfusing;mandm(5)mACmpowermdirection mcontrol.
Whatmfactorsmdefinemthemextentmof mampowermrealm?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Cablemresistance,mcombinedmamplifiermloadmrequirements,mindividualmamplifiermvoltagemmi
nimums,mandmlimitsmon mAC mcurrentmdefinemthemextentmof mpowermrealms.
Whatmaremthemthreemmain mcomponentsmof mamtypical mstandbympowermsupply?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Themthreemmain mcomponentsmof mamstandbympowermsupplymare:m(1)mamferroresonantmtransf
ormermthatmsuppliesmthemoutputmvoltage;m(2)mamsetmofmbatteriesmactingmasmambackupmpower
msource;mandm(3)manmAC minvertermthatmconvertsmthemDCmbatterymbackupmpowermtomam60morm
90mVAC moutput.
,Whatmdoesmamsignal mlevel mmeterm(SLM)mmeasure?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
An mSLMmmeasuresmindividual manalogmvideomandmaudio,mandmdigital mcarriermlevels.
Whatmdoesmamdigital mmultimeterm(DMM)mmeasure?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Amdigital mmultimeterm(ormVOM)mmeasuresmACmandmDCmvoltages,mresistancemformcontinuity
mchecks,mandmcurrent.
Whatmdoesmamtimemdomain mreflectometerm(TDR)mmeasure?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
AmTDR mmeasuresmthempresencemof mandmdistancemtomcablemfaults.
Whatmdoesmamsignal mleakagemdetectormmeasure?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Amsignal mleakagemdetectormismanmRFmreceivermwithmanminstalledminputmantennamthatmmeasu
resmbroadbandmcablemsignalsmleakingmfrommthemsystemmwithinmFCCmassignedmaeronautic
almfrequencymbands.
Whatmdoesmamcombination mSLM/leakagemdetectormmeasure?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Amcombination mSLM/leakagemdetectormincorporatesmthemfeaturesmof mbothmanmSLMmandmam
signal mleakagemdetector.
WhatmaremmeasurementmapplicationsmformusingmSLMs,mDMMs,mTDRs,mleakagemdetectors,
mandmcombination mleakage mdetectors? m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Themmeasurementmapplicationsminclude:m(1)mbalancingmamplifierm(bridger,mdistribution,man
dmlinemextender)moutputmlevelsm(SLM);m(2)mverifyingmsystemmandmamplifiermpowermsupplymo
peration m(DMM);m(3)midentifyingmcutmormdamagedmcablemspansm(TDR);m(4)midentifyingmsour
cesmof mingressm(signal mleakagemdetector,mSLM);mandm(5)mmonitoringmandmmeasuringmsign
almleakagem(egress)mformsystemmCLImreportingm(combination mSLM/leakagemdetector).
Whatmismthempropermtroubleshootingmtechnique?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Begin matmamlocationmcommonmtomallmknownmoutagemsites,mdividemthemareamofmunknown msig
nalmstatusminmhalf,mverifymthemsignalmcondition,mandmrepeatm(if mnecessary)muntilmthemsource
mof mthemproblemmismfound.
How mcan mamdistributionmsystemmdesignmmapmaidmthemtroubleshootingmprocess,maftermgath
eringmasmmuch minformation masmpossiblemaboutmthemextentmof mthemaffectedmarea?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Amsystemmdesign mmapmismusedmtomanalyzemsystemmformthemdevicemcommon mtomthemcusto
mersmsomfarmaffectedmbeforemtravelingmtommakemadditional msignal mstatusmchecks.
Whatmaremsixmsourcesmof moutagesmcausedmbympoweringmfailures?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Poweringmfailuresminclude:m(1)mamutilitympowermfailure;m(2)mamtrippedmutilitymbreaker;m(3)msp
entmstandbymbatterympower;m(4)mamblownmdistributionmlegmfuse;m(5)mamblown mamplifiermDCm
powermsupplymfuse;mandm(6)mamcablemcentermconductormsuck-out.
Whatmaremthreemgroupsmof moutagemcausesmassociatedmwith mcutmormdamagedmcables?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Themoutagemgroupsmare:m(1)mcablesmcutmbymundergroundmdiggingmequipmentm(ambackhoe,
, mamtrencher,mampost-
holemdigger,mamshovel,metc);m(2)maerial mcablemdamagedmbymlightningmormdownedmpowermlin
es;mandm(3)mdownedmaerial mcablemduemtomtrafficmaccidentsmormseveremweather.
How moften maremoutagesmcausedmbymequipmentmfailures?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Outagesmcausedmbymequipmentmfailuresmgenerallymoccurmlessmfrequentlymthanmothermouta
gemcategories.
Whatmtasksmareminvolvedminmmaintainingmphysicalmplantmintegritymwithinmthemdistributionmsy
stem?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Maintainingmphysicalmplantmintegrityminvolves:m(1)mcheckingmandmtighteningmloosemconnect
ors,mhousingmenclosures,mandmtapmfacemplates;m(2)mlubricatingmpedestal mandmpowermsuppl
ympadlocksmperiodicallymduringmnormalmaccess;mandm(3)msecuringmandmdocumentingmanym
broken mlashingmwiremtompreventmfurthermdeterioration.
Whatmdoesmeliminatingmamdiscoveredmsignal mleakmaccomplish?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Eliminatingmamdiscoveredmleakmavertsmampotential moutagemormtroublemcall.
Whatmaremsixmperformancemchecksminvolvedmin mmaintainingmpowermsupplies?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
Powermsupplymperformancemchecksminclude:m(1)mAC minputmvoltage;m(2)mACmoutputmvoltage
;m(3)moutputmcurrentm(amperage)mdraw;m(4)mindividualmbatterymvoltages;m(5)mchargingm(float
)mvoltages;mandm(6)mstandbymswitchingmcapability.
When mdoesmalternatingmcurrentmchangemdirection min mthemconductor?m-mCorrectmAnswer-
Alternatingmcurrentmchangesmdirectionm(ormalternates)minmthemconductormeachmtimemthempot
ential mdifferencemappliedmtomthemendsmofmthemconductormchangesm(ormalternates)mitsmpolarit
y.
Defineman mAC mpowermsource.m-mCorrectmAnswer-
An mACmpowermsourcemismampotential mdifferenceminmamcircuitmthatmcontinuallymchangesmitsmp
olarity.
Whatmtermmismusedmmoremcommonlymthanm"alternator" mtomdescribemanmACmpowermsource?
m-mCorrectmAnswer-
ACmgenerator"mismthemtermmusedmmoremcommonlymthanm"alternator"mtomdescribeman mACmp
owermsource.
Whatmdoesman mACmgeneratormproducemusingmmagnetismmandmmechanical mmotion?m-
mCorrectmAnswer-
An mACmgeneratormproducesmAC mvoltagemusingmmagnetismmandmmechanical mmotion.
Definem"fluxmlines."m-mCorrectmAnswer-
"Fluxmlines"maremmagneticmlinesmof mforcemrunningmlongitudinallymfrommthemnorth mpolemtomth
emsouth mpolemof mammagnet.