Test Bank For Sleisenger and Fordtran's
Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease- 2
Volume Set, 11th Edition
Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management
Authors :
Mark Feldman & Lawrence S. Friedman & Lawrence J. Brandt
,
,Chapter 1 Cellular Growth and Neoplasia
1. Which of the following is a characteristic of benign tumors?
A) Rapid growth
B) Invasion of surrounding tissues
C) Well-differentiated cells
D) Metastasis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benign tumors typically consist of well-differentiated cells and do not invade surrounding
tissues or metastasize, unlike malignant tumors that exhibit rapid growth, invasion, and metastasis.
2. Neoplasia refers to:
A) Hyperplasia of tissues
B) Malignant growth only
C) New and abnormal formation of tissue
D) Inflammation of tissues
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neoplasia is defined as the process of new and abnormal growth of tissue, which can be
benign or malignant.
3. Which of the following factors is considered a major risk factor for the development of certain
types of cancer?
A) Age
B) Occupation
C) Genetic predisposition
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Age, occupation, and genetic predisposition are all recognized as major risk factors for cancer
development.
4. Select all that apply: Which of the following are features of malignant tumors?
A) Invade local tissues
B) Well-defined capsule
C) Ability to metastasize
D) Can disrupt normal tissue function
Correct Answers: A, C, D
Rationale: Malignant tumors invade local tissues, have the ability to metastasize, and can disrupt normal
tissue function; unlike benign tumors, they usually lack a well-defined capsule.
5. The process of metastasis primarily involves:
A) Direct extension into neighboring tissues
B) Spread through the bloodstream or lymph systems
C) Local growth of benign tumors
D) Apoptosis of cancer cells
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells through the bloodstream or lymphatic system to
distant sites in the body.
6. Which term describes the non-cancerous enlargement of an organ or tissue?
A) Neoplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Dysplasia
D) Anaplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperplasia refers to the increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ, resulting in its
enlargement, without the presence of cancerous changes.
7. Identify the correct statement regarding dysplasia:
A) It indicates a benign process.
B) It is synonymous with neoplasia.
C) It represents abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation.
D) It always progresses to cancer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation, indicating
potential pre-cancerous changes, but it does not always progress to cancer.
8. Which of the following is typically a hallmark of cancer cells?
A) Contact inhibition
B) Senescence
C) Immortality
D) Normal apoptosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cancer cells often acquire the ability to replicate indefinitely, known as immortality,
bypassing normal cellular senescence and apoptosis.
9. The TNM staging system is used for:
A) Diagnosing viral infections
B) Grading tumors based on histological appearance
C) Classifying the extent of cancer spread
D) Assessing patient prognosis based on age
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The TNM system classifies the extent of cancer based on tumor size (T), lymph node
involvement (N), and presence of metastasis (M).
10. Select all that apply: Which factors can contribute to carcinogenesis?
A) Genetic mutations
B) Environmental factors
Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease- 2
Volume Set, 11th Edition
Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management
Authors :
Mark Feldman & Lawrence S. Friedman & Lawrence J. Brandt
,
,Chapter 1 Cellular Growth and Neoplasia
1. Which of the following is a characteristic of benign tumors?
A) Rapid growth
B) Invasion of surrounding tissues
C) Well-differentiated cells
D) Metastasis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benign tumors typically consist of well-differentiated cells and do not invade surrounding
tissues or metastasize, unlike malignant tumors that exhibit rapid growth, invasion, and metastasis.
2. Neoplasia refers to:
A) Hyperplasia of tissues
B) Malignant growth only
C) New and abnormal formation of tissue
D) Inflammation of tissues
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neoplasia is defined as the process of new and abnormal growth of tissue, which can be
benign or malignant.
3. Which of the following factors is considered a major risk factor for the development of certain
types of cancer?
A) Age
B) Occupation
C) Genetic predisposition
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Age, occupation, and genetic predisposition are all recognized as major risk factors for cancer
development.
4. Select all that apply: Which of the following are features of malignant tumors?
A) Invade local tissues
B) Well-defined capsule
C) Ability to metastasize
D) Can disrupt normal tissue function
Correct Answers: A, C, D
Rationale: Malignant tumors invade local tissues, have the ability to metastasize, and can disrupt normal
tissue function; unlike benign tumors, they usually lack a well-defined capsule.
5. The process of metastasis primarily involves:
A) Direct extension into neighboring tissues
B) Spread through the bloodstream or lymph systems
C) Local growth of benign tumors
D) Apoptosis of cancer cells
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells through the bloodstream or lymphatic system to
distant sites in the body.
6. Which term describes the non-cancerous enlargement of an organ or tissue?
A) Neoplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Dysplasia
D) Anaplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperplasia refers to the increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ, resulting in its
enlargement, without the presence of cancerous changes.
7. Identify the correct statement regarding dysplasia:
A) It indicates a benign process.
B) It is synonymous with neoplasia.
C) It represents abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation.
D) It always progresses to cancer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation, indicating
potential pre-cancerous changes, but it does not always progress to cancer.
8. Which of the following is typically a hallmark of cancer cells?
A) Contact inhibition
B) Senescence
C) Immortality
D) Normal apoptosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cancer cells often acquire the ability to replicate indefinitely, known as immortality,
bypassing normal cellular senescence and apoptosis.
9. The TNM staging system is used for:
A) Diagnosing viral infections
B) Grading tumors based on histological appearance
C) Classifying the extent of cancer spread
D) Assessing patient prognosis based on age
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The TNM system classifies the extent of cancer based on tumor size (T), lymph node
involvement (N), and presence of metastasis (M).
10. Select all that apply: Which factors can contribute to carcinogenesis?
A) Genetic mutations
B) Environmental factors
