Progress Test International Tourism Management
Voorgangstoets – VGT 2024/2025
NHL Stenden Hogeschool
English
+ 73 open questions with answers
+ 55 multiple choice – answers separately
+ 60 most important core concepts explained
,
, 73 Open Questions and Answers
History of Tourism
1. What were the main motivations for travel in ancient
cultures?
Trade was the primary reason for travel in ancient cultures.
2. What was the Grand Tour?
A cultural and educational form of tourism for young aristocrats in
the 18th century.
3. Who introduced package holidays?
Thomas Cook pioneered the concept of package holidays.
Tourism Typologies
4. What defines an organized mass tourist?
Someone who follows highly organized package holidays with
minimal interaction with the host community.
5. How does an explorer differ from a drifter?
Explorers arrange travel independently to experience local culture,
while drifters prefer living with the host community, avoiding
organized tourism.
6. What is an allocentric tourist?
A traveler who seeks adventurous experiences in unknown
destinations.
7. What are push and pull factors in tourism?
Push factors are internal motivations for travel (e.g., need for a
break), while pull factors are external attractions of a destination.
Models and Theories
8. What are the stages of Doxey’s Irridex?
Euphoria, Apathy, Annoyance/Irritation, and Antagonism.
9. What does Butler’s Destination Life-Cycle Model describe?
The stages of tourism development from exploration to stagnation,
with potential rejuvenation or decline.
10. What is existential authenticity?
A perception that experiences, though staged, are authentic to a
culture.
Voorgangstoets – VGT 2024/2025
NHL Stenden Hogeschool
English
+ 73 open questions with answers
+ 55 multiple choice – answers separately
+ 60 most important core concepts explained
,
, 73 Open Questions and Answers
History of Tourism
1. What were the main motivations for travel in ancient
cultures?
Trade was the primary reason for travel in ancient cultures.
2. What was the Grand Tour?
A cultural and educational form of tourism for young aristocrats in
the 18th century.
3. Who introduced package holidays?
Thomas Cook pioneered the concept of package holidays.
Tourism Typologies
4. What defines an organized mass tourist?
Someone who follows highly organized package holidays with
minimal interaction with the host community.
5. How does an explorer differ from a drifter?
Explorers arrange travel independently to experience local culture,
while drifters prefer living with the host community, avoiding
organized tourism.
6. What is an allocentric tourist?
A traveler who seeks adventurous experiences in unknown
destinations.
7. What are push and pull factors in tourism?
Push factors are internal motivations for travel (e.g., need for a
break), while pull factors are external attractions of a destination.
Models and Theories
8. What are the stages of Doxey’s Irridex?
Euphoria, Apathy, Annoyance/Irritation, and Antagonism.
9. What does Butler’s Destination Life-Cycle Model describe?
The stages of tourism development from exploration to stagnation,
with potential rejuvenation or decline.
10. What is existential authenticity?
A perception that experiences, though staged, are authentic to a
culture.
