Loss & Psychotrauma – Working Group Literature Notes
Narrative Exposure Therapy – By Lyanne Reitsma .................................................................. 2
Schauer, M., Robjant, K., Elbert, T., & Neuner, F. (2019). ................................................................2
Treatment of Prolonged Grief Following Traumatic Loss – By Jeroen Knipscheer ............... 14
Boelen, P. A., Hout, M. v. d., & Bout, J. v. d. (2013). ......................................................................14
Spuij, M., van Londen-Huiberts, A., & Boelen, P. A. (2013). ..........................................................23
Losing a Client to Suicide – By Kate Avis .............................................................................. 32
Gutin NJ (2019). ................................................................................................................................32
Gutin NJ (2019). ................................................................................................................................38
Non-death Loss – By Asuman Buyukcan-Tetik ...................................................................... 44
Harvey, J. H. (2001). .........................................................................................................................44
Stroebe, M., Schut, H., & Nauta, M. H. (2016). ...............................................................................47
Sexual Trauma – By Simone Belt ............................................................................................ 52
Dworkin, E. R., Ojalehto, H. J., Brill, C. D., Fitzpatrick, S., Bedard-Gilligan, M. A., & Kaysen, D.
(2019). ...............................................................................................................................................52
1
,Narrative Exposure Therapy – By Lyanne Reitsma
Schauer, M., Robjant, K., Elbert, T., & Neuner, F. (2019).
Narrative exposure therapy for PTSD. In book: Casebook to the APA Clinical Practice
Guideline for the treatment of PTSD, pp. 309-328. Available through Blackboard
Main Takeaway = Gives an overview of what Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is, its
rationale, evidence supporting it, the steps carried out during the therapeutic intervention,
and how it facilitates and sustains client engagement. It also explores a case example.
Narrative exposure therapy (NET) =
• A treatment for adults and child survivors who continue to suffer from past
experiences of traumatic stressors
• Designed for individuals who have been exposed to complex and multiple
traumata, after having survived severe and repeated physical and social threats to
life and integrity
o (Suffer from deliberate, repeated and prolonged interpersonal trauma)
• Enables individuals to establish a coherent autobiographical narrative of their most
significant experiences
o the narration contextualizes life events that were highly arousing, so that
internal reminders, threat related cues, lose their dominance over the
person's experience of emotions, physiological responses, cognitive
patterns, and relationships to self and others in the present
• Designed to meet the following requirements:
2
, 1. Applicable to various traumatized groups (no exclusion based on demographic
variables)
▪ It is possible to sensitively adapt to procedures to different
environments and cultural settings
2. has been evaluated in ecologically valid combat real world settings. Shows
cumulative beneficial effects, evident after only a few sessions
▪ especially important in attending to resource-poor communities in
low-income countries or crisis regions
3. Integration into larger scale service provision within a cascade model of public
mental health care is possible
4. Finds “Complex trauma inevitably involves the abuse of human rights”
fundamental, since it allows both survivor and therapist to compare the
atrocities that have occurred against objective, agreed upon principles of how
human beings should behave towards each other. (Counter stigma associated
with survivors & raise awareness of human rights violations)
▪ for victims, regaining access to their biographies and communicating
their history to others can empower them to stand up for their rights
as victims of violence and overcome feelings of anger, hopelessness,
and powerlessness
Rational for NET:
• After experiencing traumatic stressors, a victim usually expect that other humans
are untrustworthy → frustrates the need for belonging, control and autonomy,
personal appreciation and physical care → Leads to negative about the self and
3
Narrative Exposure Therapy – By Lyanne Reitsma .................................................................. 2
Schauer, M., Robjant, K., Elbert, T., & Neuner, F. (2019). ................................................................2
Treatment of Prolonged Grief Following Traumatic Loss – By Jeroen Knipscheer ............... 14
Boelen, P. A., Hout, M. v. d., & Bout, J. v. d. (2013). ......................................................................14
Spuij, M., van Londen-Huiberts, A., & Boelen, P. A. (2013). ..........................................................23
Losing a Client to Suicide – By Kate Avis .............................................................................. 32
Gutin NJ (2019). ................................................................................................................................32
Gutin NJ (2019). ................................................................................................................................38
Non-death Loss – By Asuman Buyukcan-Tetik ...................................................................... 44
Harvey, J. H. (2001). .........................................................................................................................44
Stroebe, M., Schut, H., & Nauta, M. H. (2016). ...............................................................................47
Sexual Trauma – By Simone Belt ............................................................................................ 52
Dworkin, E. R., Ojalehto, H. J., Brill, C. D., Fitzpatrick, S., Bedard-Gilligan, M. A., & Kaysen, D.
(2019). ...............................................................................................................................................52
1
,Narrative Exposure Therapy – By Lyanne Reitsma
Schauer, M., Robjant, K., Elbert, T., & Neuner, F. (2019).
Narrative exposure therapy for PTSD. In book: Casebook to the APA Clinical Practice
Guideline for the treatment of PTSD, pp. 309-328. Available through Blackboard
Main Takeaway = Gives an overview of what Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is, its
rationale, evidence supporting it, the steps carried out during the therapeutic intervention,
and how it facilitates and sustains client engagement. It also explores a case example.
Narrative exposure therapy (NET) =
• A treatment for adults and child survivors who continue to suffer from past
experiences of traumatic stressors
• Designed for individuals who have been exposed to complex and multiple
traumata, after having survived severe and repeated physical and social threats to
life and integrity
o (Suffer from deliberate, repeated and prolonged interpersonal trauma)
• Enables individuals to establish a coherent autobiographical narrative of their most
significant experiences
o the narration contextualizes life events that were highly arousing, so that
internal reminders, threat related cues, lose their dominance over the
person's experience of emotions, physiological responses, cognitive
patterns, and relationships to self and others in the present
• Designed to meet the following requirements:
2
, 1. Applicable to various traumatized groups (no exclusion based on demographic
variables)
▪ It is possible to sensitively adapt to procedures to different
environments and cultural settings
2. has been evaluated in ecologically valid combat real world settings. Shows
cumulative beneficial effects, evident after only a few sessions
▪ especially important in attending to resource-poor communities in
low-income countries or crisis regions
3. Integration into larger scale service provision within a cascade model of public
mental health care is possible
4. Finds “Complex trauma inevitably involves the abuse of human rights”
fundamental, since it allows both survivor and therapist to compare the
atrocities that have occurred against objective, agreed upon principles of how
human beings should behave towards each other. (Counter stigma associated
with survivors & raise awareness of human rights violations)
▪ for victims, regaining access to their biographies and communicating
their history to others can empower them to stand up for their rights
as victims of violence and overcome feelings of anger, hopelessness,
and powerlessness
Rational for NET:
• After experiencing traumatic stressors, a victim usually expect that other humans
are untrustworthy → frustrates the need for belonging, control and autonomy,
personal appreciation and physical care → Leads to negative about the self and
3
