BIO A 208 Exam 1 with verified solutions
What |are |the |three |criteria |of |a |good |scientific |explanation? |- |correct |answer |-Falsifiable
|predictions, |replicability, |parsimony
Define |proximate |explanations |- |correct |answer |-During |the |organism's |life |--
|anatomical/physiological |-- |"how"
Define |ultimate |explanations |- |correct |answer |-evolutionary |-- |functional/historical |-- |"why"
What |are |the |ways |one |can |test |ultimate |explanations? |- |correct |answer |-Correlation |and
|Experimental |Manipulation
Where |is |the |nature |and |nurture |dichotomy |useful? |- |correct |answer |-In |dealing |with |MEASURABLE
|components |(ex: |heigh, |weight)
What |is |the |blank |slate |view? |- |correct |answer |-That |the |human |mind |is |"a |general |purpose
|learning |machine, |capable |of |acquiring |whatever |information |to |which |it |was |exposed"
Define |Heritability |- |correct |answer |-the |proportion |of |total |phenotypic |variability |observed |for |a
|given |trait |that |can |be |ascribed |to |genetic |factors
Why |is |heritability |important? |- |correct |answer |-It |shows |how |different |just |one |trait |can |be |within
|individuals |based |on |genetics.
What |is |evolution |- |correct |answer |-A |change |in |the |genetic |structure |of |a |population. |The |term |is
|also |frequently |used |to |refer |to |the |appearance |of |a |new |species.
What |are |the |four |forces |of |evolution? |- |correct |answer |-Mutation, |Genetic |Drift, |Migration,
|Natural |Selection
Define |mutation |- |correct |answer |-The |ultimate |source |of |all |genetic |variation
, Define |migration |- |correct |answer |-Individuals |of |any |species |moving |around |and |sharing |genes
|among |populations.
Define |genetic |drift |- |correct |answer |-Random |population |change |overtime;bottleneck; |founder
|effect
Define |Natural |Selection |- |correct |answer |-Non-random |population |change |overtime.
What |are |the |prerequisites |for |evolution |by |natural |selection? |- |correct |answer |-Variation,
|differential |reproduction, |heritability
What |are |the |factors |that |govern |the |rate |of |evolution |by |natural |selection? |- |correct |answer |-
Strength |of |association |between |variation |and |reproductive |differences, |Heritability, |Generation
|time
How |does |heritability |affect |the |rate |of |evolution? |- |correct |answer |-The |higher |the |heritability, |the
|faster |the |rate.
What |are |the |three |constraints |on |perfection. |- |correct |answer |-Cost, |Variation |(chooses |only |from
|available |choices), |Time |(organisms |adapt |to |ancestral |environments)
Define |obligate |adaptions |- |correct |answer |-Traits |that |are |not |affected |by |the |environment
Define |facultative |adaptions |- |correct |answer |-Trait |changes |in |relation |to |environmental |variable
Facultative |adaptions |have |_______ |heritability |- |correct |answer |-low
what |is |mental |modularity? |- |correct |answer |-The |thought |that |the |mind |is |a |collection |of
|facultative |adaptions.
What |are |the |three |levels |of |selection? |- |correct |answer |-gene, |individual, |group
What |are |the |three |criteria |of |a |good |scientific |explanation? |- |correct |answer |-Falsifiable
|predictions, |replicability, |parsimony
Define |proximate |explanations |- |correct |answer |-During |the |organism's |life |--
|anatomical/physiological |-- |"how"
Define |ultimate |explanations |- |correct |answer |-evolutionary |-- |functional/historical |-- |"why"
What |are |the |ways |one |can |test |ultimate |explanations? |- |correct |answer |-Correlation |and
|Experimental |Manipulation
Where |is |the |nature |and |nurture |dichotomy |useful? |- |correct |answer |-In |dealing |with |MEASURABLE
|components |(ex: |heigh, |weight)
What |is |the |blank |slate |view? |- |correct |answer |-That |the |human |mind |is |"a |general |purpose
|learning |machine, |capable |of |acquiring |whatever |information |to |which |it |was |exposed"
Define |Heritability |- |correct |answer |-the |proportion |of |total |phenotypic |variability |observed |for |a
|given |trait |that |can |be |ascribed |to |genetic |factors
Why |is |heritability |important? |- |correct |answer |-It |shows |how |different |just |one |trait |can |be |within
|individuals |based |on |genetics.
What |is |evolution |- |correct |answer |-A |change |in |the |genetic |structure |of |a |population. |The |term |is
|also |frequently |used |to |refer |to |the |appearance |of |a |new |species.
What |are |the |four |forces |of |evolution? |- |correct |answer |-Mutation, |Genetic |Drift, |Migration,
|Natural |Selection
Define |mutation |- |correct |answer |-The |ultimate |source |of |all |genetic |variation
, Define |migration |- |correct |answer |-Individuals |of |any |species |moving |around |and |sharing |genes
|among |populations.
Define |genetic |drift |- |correct |answer |-Random |population |change |overtime;bottleneck; |founder
|effect
Define |Natural |Selection |- |correct |answer |-Non-random |population |change |overtime.
What |are |the |prerequisites |for |evolution |by |natural |selection? |- |correct |answer |-Variation,
|differential |reproduction, |heritability
What |are |the |factors |that |govern |the |rate |of |evolution |by |natural |selection? |- |correct |answer |-
Strength |of |association |between |variation |and |reproductive |differences, |Heritability, |Generation
|time
How |does |heritability |affect |the |rate |of |evolution? |- |correct |answer |-The |higher |the |heritability, |the
|faster |the |rate.
What |are |the |three |constraints |on |perfection. |- |correct |answer |-Cost, |Variation |(chooses |only |from
|available |choices), |Time |(organisms |adapt |to |ancestral |environments)
Define |obligate |adaptions |- |correct |answer |-Traits |that |are |not |affected |by |the |environment
Define |facultative |adaptions |- |correct |answer |-Trait |changes |in |relation |to |environmental |variable
Facultative |adaptions |have |_______ |heritability |- |correct |answer |-low
what |is |mental |modularity? |- |correct |answer |-The |thought |that |the |mind |is |a |collection |of
|facultative |adaptions.
What |are |the |three |levels |of |selection? |- |correct |answer |-gene, |individual, |group
