MLS HEMATOLOGY EXAM /HEMATOLOGY MLS ACTUAL
EXAM 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the first type of cell produced by the developing embryo? - ANSWER:
Erythrocyte
What percentage of tissue located in the bone marrow cavities of adults is fat? -
ANSWER: 50%
Which of the following is not characteristic of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells?
- ANSWER: Express the stem marker CD13
In an adult, what are the two best areas for obtaining active bone marrow by
aspiration? - ANSWER: Posterior iliac crest, sternum
What is the normal ratio of myeloid to erythroid precursors in bone marrow (M:E
ratio)? - ANSWER: 4:1
Which of the following does not accurately describe hematopoietic growth factors? -
ANSWER: Action of majority is lineage restricted
In the third month of gestation, what is the primary site of hematopoiesis? -
ANSWER: Liver
The mechanism that relays information about tissue oxygen levels to erythropoietin-
producing sites is located in the: - ANSWER: Kidney
Antigen-independent lymphopoiesis occurs in primary lymphoid tissue located in
the: - ANSWER: Thymus and bone marrow
Programmed cell death is called: - ANSWER: Apoptosis
In what area of the bone marrow does hematopoiesis take place? - ANSWER: Cords
Bone marrow cellularity refers to the ration of: - ANSWER: Hematopoietic tissue to
adipose tissue
Interleukins and colony stimulating factors are cytokines produced by: - ANSWER:
Monocytes and T lymphocytes
What is the approximate total blood volume in an adult? - ANSWER: 6 L
,The myeloid progenitor cell can produce cells committed to: - ANSWER:
Granulocytic, erythrocytic, monocytic, or megakaryocytic lineages
The largest hematopoietic cells in normal bone marrow are: - ANSWER:
Megakaryocytes
When evaluating a bone marrow aspirate smear, which finding is considered
abnormal? - ANSWER: The presence of 10% myeloblasts on the cell differential count
As most blood cell lines mature, which of the following is characteristic? - ANSWER:
Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio (N:C) decreases
Which of the following describes thrombopoietin (TPO)? - ANSWER: Hormone
produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis
When the hepatic phase of fetal life is reactivated in an adult, hematopoiesis can be
termed: - ANSWER: Myeloid metaplasia or extramedullary
What is the average life span of a normal red blood cell? - ANSWER: 120 days
The Na+-K+ cation pump is an important mechanism in keeping the red blood cell
intact. Its function is to maintain a high level of: - ANSWER: Intracellular K+
Which of the following depicts the structure of the hemoglobin molecule? -
ANSWER: Four heme groups, four globin chains
Which of the following describes the process known as culling? - ANSWER: Removal
of abnormal red cells by spleen
Hemoglobin forms that are incapable of oxygen transport include: - ANSWER:
Carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin
The majority of iron found in an adult is a constituent of: - ANSWER: Hemoglobin
A senescent red blood cell is one that has: - ANSWER: Lived its life span
What red cell morphologic abnormality is described by the term "poikilocytosis"? -
ANSWER: Deviations from normal shape
Howell-Jolly bodies are composed of: - ANSWER: DNA
When spherocytes are reported, what is observed on the peripheral blood smear? -
ANSWER: Red cells without a central pallor
The red cells found in lead poisoning characteristically exhibit coarse granules
composed of __________ that are reported as _________. - ANSWER: Aggregated
ribosomes; basophilic stippling
, Rouleaux of red blood cells when seen in the monolayer of a blood smear is
characteristic of: - ANSWER: Multiple myeloma
Which of the following is most frequently associated with the inclusion bodies seen
in Color Plate 1? - ANSWER: Post-splenectomy
Which of the following statements about iron absorption is true? - ANSWER:
Absorption increases when erythropoietic activity increases
What term describes a mature red blood cell that contains iron granules or deposits?
- ANSWER: Siderocyte
Which of the following is associated with a "shift to the left" in the oxygen
dissociation curve of hemoglobin? - ANSWER: Decreased oxygen release
Which of the following statements does not characterize erythropoietin (EPO)? -
ANSWER: Decreases stimulation of erythropoiesis when cellular hypoxia increases
Which of the following factors will result in an immediate increase in oxygen delivery
to the tissues? - ANSWER: Increased hemoglobin binding of 2,3-BPG
Periods of intense erythropoietin activity cause premature release of marrow
reticulocytes into the blood. Which of the following is not true of these early
reticulocytes? - ANSWER: Loss of residual RNA occurs immediately upon marrow
release
Which of the following inclusions is only visible with supravital staining? - ANSWER:
Heinz bodies
The presence of schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear is commonly associated
with: - ANSWER: Increased red cell destruction
Which of the following may be a sign of accelerated bone marrow erythropoiesis? -
ANSWER: Nucleated red cells in the peripheral circulation
Microcytic, hypochromic red cells are most often associated with impaired: -
ANSWER: Hemoglobin synthesis
When in bone marrow, nucleated red cells present would be staged as: - ANSWER:
Orthochromic normoblasts
When acanthocytes are found on the blood smear, it is usually the result of: -
ANSWER: Altered membrane lipids
Which erythrocyte metabolic pathway generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via
glycolysis? - ANSWER: Embden-Meyerhof
EXAM 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the first type of cell produced by the developing embryo? - ANSWER:
Erythrocyte
What percentage of tissue located in the bone marrow cavities of adults is fat? -
ANSWER: 50%
Which of the following is not characteristic of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells?
- ANSWER: Express the stem marker CD13
In an adult, what are the two best areas for obtaining active bone marrow by
aspiration? - ANSWER: Posterior iliac crest, sternum
What is the normal ratio of myeloid to erythroid precursors in bone marrow (M:E
ratio)? - ANSWER: 4:1
Which of the following does not accurately describe hematopoietic growth factors? -
ANSWER: Action of majority is lineage restricted
In the third month of gestation, what is the primary site of hematopoiesis? -
ANSWER: Liver
The mechanism that relays information about tissue oxygen levels to erythropoietin-
producing sites is located in the: - ANSWER: Kidney
Antigen-independent lymphopoiesis occurs in primary lymphoid tissue located in
the: - ANSWER: Thymus and bone marrow
Programmed cell death is called: - ANSWER: Apoptosis
In what area of the bone marrow does hematopoiesis take place? - ANSWER: Cords
Bone marrow cellularity refers to the ration of: - ANSWER: Hematopoietic tissue to
adipose tissue
Interleukins and colony stimulating factors are cytokines produced by: - ANSWER:
Monocytes and T lymphocytes
What is the approximate total blood volume in an adult? - ANSWER: 6 L
,The myeloid progenitor cell can produce cells committed to: - ANSWER:
Granulocytic, erythrocytic, monocytic, or megakaryocytic lineages
The largest hematopoietic cells in normal bone marrow are: - ANSWER:
Megakaryocytes
When evaluating a bone marrow aspirate smear, which finding is considered
abnormal? - ANSWER: The presence of 10% myeloblasts on the cell differential count
As most blood cell lines mature, which of the following is characteristic? - ANSWER:
Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio (N:C) decreases
Which of the following describes thrombopoietin (TPO)? - ANSWER: Hormone
produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis
When the hepatic phase of fetal life is reactivated in an adult, hematopoiesis can be
termed: - ANSWER: Myeloid metaplasia or extramedullary
What is the average life span of a normal red blood cell? - ANSWER: 120 days
The Na+-K+ cation pump is an important mechanism in keeping the red blood cell
intact. Its function is to maintain a high level of: - ANSWER: Intracellular K+
Which of the following depicts the structure of the hemoglobin molecule? -
ANSWER: Four heme groups, four globin chains
Which of the following describes the process known as culling? - ANSWER: Removal
of abnormal red cells by spleen
Hemoglobin forms that are incapable of oxygen transport include: - ANSWER:
Carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin
The majority of iron found in an adult is a constituent of: - ANSWER: Hemoglobin
A senescent red blood cell is one that has: - ANSWER: Lived its life span
What red cell morphologic abnormality is described by the term "poikilocytosis"? -
ANSWER: Deviations from normal shape
Howell-Jolly bodies are composed of: - ANSWER: DNA
When spherocytes are reported, what is observed on the peripheral blood smear? -
ANSWER: Red cells without a central pallor
The red cells found in lead poisoning characteristically exhibit coarse granules
composed of __________ that are reported as _________. - ANSWER: Aggregated
ribosomes; basophilic stippling
, Rouleaux of red blood cells when seen in the monolayer of a blood smear is
characteristic of: - ANSWER: Multiple myeloma
Which of the following is most frequently associated with the inclusion bodies seen
in Color Plate 1? - ANSWER: Post-splenectomy
Which of the following statements about iron absorption is true? - ANSWER:
Absorption increases when erythropoietic activity increases
What term describes a mature red blood cell that contains iron granules or deposits?
- ANSWER: Siderocyte
Which of the following is associated with a "shift to the left" in the oxygen
dissociation curve of hemoglobin? - ANSWER: Decreased oxygen release
Which of the following statements does not characterize erythropoietin (EPO)? -
ANSWER: Decreases stimulation of erythropoiesis when cellular hypoxia increases
Which of the following factors will result in an immediate increase in oxygen delivery
to the tissues? - ANSWER: Increased hemoglobin binding of 2,3-BPG
Periods of intense erythropoietin activity cause premature release of marrow
reticulocytes into the blood. Which of the following is not true of these early
reticulocytes? - ANSWER: Loss of residual RNA occurs immediately upon marrow
release
Which of the following inclusions is only visible with supravital staining? - ANSWER:
Heinz bodies
The presence of schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear is commonly associated
with: - ANSWER: Increased red cell destruction
Which of the following may be a sign of accelerated bone marrow erythropoiesis? -
ANSWER: Nucleated red cells in the peripheral circulation
Microcytic, hypochromic red cells are most often associated with impaired: -
ANSWER: Hemoglobin synthesis
When in bone marrow, nucleated red cells present would be staged as: - ANSWER:
Orthochromic normoblasts
When acanthocytes are found on the blood smear, it is usually the result of: -
ANSWER: Altered membrane lipids
Which erythrocyte metabolic pathway generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via
glycolysis? - ANSWER: Embden-Meyerhof
