NAVLE Practice Questions with 100% Correct Answers

NAVLE Practice Questions with 100% Correct Answers A male gerbil is presented with a distinct oval area of alopecia on the mid-ventral abdomen. The animal has been observed rubbing this area on objects around its terrarium. What is the most appropriate interpretation? A - Normal, do nothing B - Common site of mammary gland adenocarcinoma, biopsy can confirm C - Sarcoptic mange, do a skin scrape D - Trichophyton mentagrophytes, do a fungal culture E - Demodex merioni infestation, treat with ivermectin A - Normal, do nothing This is the normal location of the ventral marking gland (or pad) in gerbils. It is normal and more pronounced in males than females. Gerbils are often seen rubbing this area on things. This rubbing is thought to be a form of territorial marking. Demodex merioni occurs occasionally in older, debilitated gerbils. A 5-month old steer is presented that is unthrifty-looking and failing to gain weight. He appears somewhat lame, has a rough, light-colored hair coat and depigmented hair around his eyes like spectacles. The steer has a watery dark diarrhea full of gassy bubbles. What is the diagnosis? A - Selenium toxicity B - Copper deficiency C - Molybdenum deficiency D - Quercus (Oak) poisoning E - Magnesium deficiency B. Copper deficiency This is copper deficiency, which presents with "Ain't Doin' Right" ( ADR ) signs : ACHROMOTRICHIA (depigmented hair, especially around the eyes= "SPECTACLES") rough coat, decreased milk yield, lameness and decreased fertility, libido and "Peat Scours" also called "Teart" (severe scours with gas bubbles). Molybdenum toxicosis causes a secondary DEFICIENCY in Copper. Oak poisoning is more a gradual, multisystemic disease (nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic), can see PU/PD, hematuria, weight loss. Tetany is the classic presentation of Hypomagnesemia in cattle, along with hyperexcitability, ataxia, convulsions and death. Selenium toxicosis has many presentations depending on species, dose and length of time exposed. An 8 month old Rhodesian Ridgeback neutered male dog is presented with a complaint of a chronic concretion of hair, sebum, and discharge on the dorsal midline. Physical examination reveals no abnormalities other than the accumulation of debris on the dorsal midline with no local heat or swelling. There are no neurologic signs noted. The site is carefully clipped and prepared and a small, skin-lined cavity is discovered. Which one of the following is the most appropriate treatment? A - Oral administration of two doses of ivermectin 2 weeks apart B - Administration of broad spectrum antimicrobials with excellent bone penetration until resolved C - Closure of cavity with absorbable suture in a cruciate pattern D - Surgical excision of the dermoid sinus tract E - Careful cleaning of area and daily instillation of broad-spectrum antimicrobial cream until resolved D. Surgical excision of the dermoid sinus tract Surgical excision of the dermoid sinus tract. This is the clinical presentation of dermoid or pilonidal sinus. Dermoid sinuses (scroll to bottom of page) are congenital neural tube defects most frequently observed in Rhodesian Ridgeback dogs, in which they are believed to be hereditary. The sinus may be a blind-ended sac terminating just beneath the skin, or, in more serious cases, may communicate with the dura mater.