Exam (elaborations) ATI pharmacology Rang & Dale's Pharmacology

Exam (elaborations) ATI pharmacology Rang & Dale's Pharmacology A nurse is assessing a client's IV infusion site. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of phlebitis? (Select all that apply.) A. Pallor B. Dampness C. Erythema D. Coolness E. Pain - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Erythema E. Pain (C. Erythema at the insertion site is a manifestation of phlebitis. E.Pain at the insertion site is a manifestation of phlebitis.) A nurse manager is reviewing the facility's policies for IV therapy with the members of his team. The nurse manager should remind the team that which of the following techniques helps minimize the risk of catheter embolism? A. Performing hand hygiene before and after IV insertion B. Rotating IV sites at least every 72 hr C. Minimizing tourniquet time D. Avoiding reinserting the needle into an IV catheter - CORRECT ANSWER-D. Avoiding reinserting the needle into an IV catheter (The nurse manager should remind the members of the team to avoid reinserting the stylet needle into an IV catheter. This action can result in severing the end of the catheter and consequently cause a catheter embolism) A nurse is preparing to initiate IV therapy for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? A. Use a disposable razor to remove excess hair on the extremity. B. Select the back of the client's hand to insert the IV catheter. C. Distend the veins by using a blood pressure cuff. D. Direct the client to raise his arm above his heart - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Distend the veins by using a blood pressure cuff. (The nurse should distend the veins using a blood pressure cuff to reduce overfilling of the vein,which can result in a hematoma) A nurse assessing a client's IV catheter insertion site notes a hematoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Stop the infusion. B. Apply alcohol to the insertion site. C. Apply warm compresses to the insertion site D. Elevate the client's arm. E. Obtain a specimen for culture at the insertion site - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Apply warm compresses to the insertion site D. Elevate the client's arm. (C. Warm compresses can help promote healing of a hematoma. D. Elevation of the arm helps reduce edema, which can cause pressure and pain and additional bleeding in the area of the hematoma.) A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should contact the provider about a potential contraindication to a medication for which of the following clients? (Select all that apply.) A. A client at 8 weeks of gestation who asks for an Influenza immunization B. A client who takes Prednisone and has a possible Fungal infection C. A client who has chronic liver disease and is taking Hydrocodone D. A client who has Peptic Ulcer Disease, takes Sucralfate, and tells the nurse she has started taking OTC Aluminum Hydroxide E. A client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes Warfarin, and reports a suspected pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-B. A client who takes Prednisone and has a possible Fungal infection C. A client who has chronic liver disease and is taking Hydrocodone E. A client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes Warfarin, and reports a suspected pregnancy (B. Glucocorticoids should not be taken by a client who has a possible systemic fungal infection. The nurse should recognize a contraindication and notify the provider. C. Acetaminophen is contraindicated due to toxicity for a client who has a liver disorder. The nurse should notify the provider, who can prescribe a medication that does not contain acetaminophen. E. Warfarin is a Pregnancy Category X medication, which can cause severe birth defects to the fetus. The nurse should notify the provider about the suspected pregnancy) A nurse is preparing to administer an IM dose of penicillin to a client who has a new prescription. The client states she took penicillin 3 years ago and developed a rash.