ATI MEDICAL SURGICAL PROCTORED TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2023/2024

ATI MEDICAL SURGICAL PROCTORED TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2023/2024 Position a patient should be in who is postoperative a vein ligation and stripping varicose veins - CORRECT ANSWER-elevate legs above heart, to promote venous return. educate patient on periodically positioning like this after discharge when should a patient ambulate to prevent venous stasis - CORRECT ANSWERwalking 5-10 every hour while patient is awake. to prevent venous stasis should a patient sit or stand - CORRECT ANSWER-no, promote venous return by elevating feet above heart how long should a patient wear ted hose following a surgery - CORRECT ANSWER-for up to a week what electrolyte imbalance flattens the T wave or the development of u waves - CORRECT ANSWER-hypopotassium therapeutic digoxin range - CORRECT ANSWER-0.5-0.8 what heart rhythm is associated with low hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWERtachycardia what electrolyte imbalance is associated with prolonged S-T interval and prolonged Q-T interval - CORRECT ANSWER-hypokalemia what lab should be checked after giving fresh frozen plasma - CORRECT ANSWERprothrombin time what laboratory should be check after giving platelets - CORRECT ANSWER-platlets what lab should be checked after giving packed red blood cells - CORRECT ANSWERHematocrit What is epoetin alfa used for? - CORRECT ANSWER-anemia what is a most common side effect of epoetin alfa - CORRECT ANSWER-hypertension What does epoetin alfa do? - CORRECT ANSWER-stimulates production of RBCs how long does it take for epoetin alfa to reach full effect - CORRECT ANSWER-2-3 months what is a symptom of unstable angina - CORRECT ANSWER-chest pain lasting longer than 15 min, not relived by nitro, and will not stop with rest. signs and symptoms of fluid volume overload - CORRECT ANSWER-Jugular Vein Distention respiratory distress crackles and tachycardia and bounding pulses after an MI, what should a nurse monitor for following 24 hours - CORRECT ANSWERventricular dysrythmias what heart conditions are found with pulmonary emboli - CORRECT ANSWER-valvular disorders, a-fib, deep vein thrombosis how does an ECG present with atrial flutter - CORRECT ANSWER-Atrial rate 300/minwith QRS complex 80/min P wave occurring 0.16 seconds before QRS complex - CORRECT ANSWER-normal sinus rhythm ventricular ectopic - CORRECT ANSWER-premature ventricular contraction symptom of aortic aneurysm - CORRECT ANSWER-lower back and abdominal discomfort Normal BMP - CORRECT ANSWER-60-100 symptom of aplastic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-petechiae, ecchymosis, dyspnea on exertion, What is aplastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-decreased platelets, WBC and RBC do to destruction of bone marrow. signs of sickle cell anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-jaundice and enlarged liver symptoms of pernicious anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-beefy vred tongue (glossitis) and weight loss symptom of polythemia vera - CORRECT ANSWER-plethoric (dark, flushed) of face and mucous membrane what is a sign of a ruptured aneurysm - CORRECT ANSWER-oliguria, hypotension Monitor vs q 15min Pulses paradoxus - CORRECT ANSWER-paradoxical pulse. The paradax is that the apical pulse can be heard but radial pulse not palpable. measured by blood pressure cuff and stethoscope. cardiac tamponade - CORRECT ANSWER-pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space cardia tamponade s&s - CORRECT ANSWER-hypotension, muffled heart sounds signs of peripheral arterial disease - CORRECT ANSWER-dry pale skin, minimal body hair, leg pain when. exercising, cold or numb feet at rest, weak pulses sign of kawasaki disease - CORRECT ANSWER-sunburn appearance signs of venous insufficiency - CORRECT ANSWER-edema, varicose veins, red/brown skin discoloration, skin ulceration what should a nurse expect with a demand pacemaker with rate set at 72bpm - CORRECT ANSWER-QRS complexes occurring at 74bpm with no pacing spikes. intrinsic rate over rides what should the nurse do if no QRS complexes and pacer spikes - CORRECT ANSWER-notify provider what do hiccups mean for a patient with demand pace maker - CORRECT ANSWERcomplications with leads displaced, notify the provider symptoms of left sided heart failure - CORRECT ANSWER-decreased cardiac output, dyspnea, orthopenea symptoms of right sided heart failure - CORRECT ANSWER-weight gain, distended neck veins, peripheral edema *the blood "backs up" in circulation imbalances from blood transfusions - CORRECT ANSWER-hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and iron toxicity what is given for pernicious anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-Vitamin B12 megaloblastic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER-larger than normal red blood cells take folic acid which type of skin cancer is the most serious - CORRECT ANSWER-melanoma most common type of skin cancer - CORRECT ANSWER-basal cell carcinoma adverse reaction for silver sulfadiazine - CORRECT ANSWER-leukopenia adverser reaction for mafenide acetate - CORRECT ANSWER-hyperchloremia Gentamicin Adverse Effects - CORRECT ANSWER-impaired kidney function 3rd degree frostbite - CORRECT ANSWER-hemorrhagic blisters, non blanching skin 1st degree frost bite - CORRECT ANSWER-skin looks waxy 2nd degree frostbite - CORRECT ANSWER-fluid filled blisters Stage 1 pressure ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER-skin in tact non blanching redness, stage 2 pressure ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER-partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis, dermis, or both stage 3 pressure ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER-full thickness tissue loss with visible fat stage 4 pressure ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER-Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, muscle, or tendon papule - CORRECT ANSWER-small, solid skin elevation Macule - CORRECT ANSWER-flat, colored spot on the skin Wheals - CORRECT ANSWER-Itchy, elevated areas with an irregular shape Vesicle - CORRECT ANSWER-A small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell heterograft - CORRECT ANSWER-skin transplant taken from a species other than the patient's (pig) indication of malignancy of a mole - CORRECT ANSWER-ulceration, bleeding, increasing size with burns what doe we expect to happen to sodium levels - CORRECT ANSWERdecrease due to trapped in interstitial space Normal albumin levels - CORRECT ANSWER-3.5-5