Brock Biology of Microorganisms 16th Edition Test Bank by Madigan, All Chapters Covered

Med C File Med C File Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 16th (Madigan/Martinko) Chapter 1: Microorganisms and Microbiology MULTIPLE CHOICE 1) Which statement is not true as a general rule? A) Microbial cells exist as single cells or in cell clusters. B) Microbial cells carry out their life processes independently. C) Microbial cells include both bacteria and viruses. D) Microbial cells exclude the cells of plants and animals. Answer: C 2) Basic microbiology can be used to A) probe the nature of life processes. B) study biochemical properties common to all cells. C) model our understanding of cell function in higher organisms. D) all of the above. Answer: D 3) Applied microbiology deals with problems in A) medicine. B) agriculture. C) industry. D) all of the above. Answer: D 4) The greatest source of biomass on Earth comes from A) prokaryotic cells. B) plants. C) animals. D) plants and animals together. Answer: A 5) The cell's genetic information is found in the A) cell membrane. B) nucleus or nucleoid. C) cytoplasm. D) none of the above. Answer: B 6) Because the cell communicates, exchanges materials with its environment, and undergoes change, it is called a(n) A) ancestral system. B) dynamic entity. Med C File C) closed system. D) nucleoid system. Answer: B 7) Changes in cellular characteristics are transmitted to offspring through the process of A) chemical signaling. B) reproductive initiative. C) evolution. D) none of the above. Answer: C 8) Catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called A) catalytic converters. B) growth agents. C) evolutionary molecules. D) enzymes. Answer: D 9) Regarding early life on Earth: A) Microbial life existed on Earth for billions of years before plant and animal life. B) Microbial life existed on Earth long before animals but has been around for about the same amount of time as plants. C) Microbial life, plant life, and animal life all appeared at about the same time. D) It is impossible to determine which type of life first appeared on Earth. Answer: A 10) Most prokaryotic cells reside A) on the Earth's surface. B) in the Earth's lakes, rivers, and oceans. C) in and on non-prokaryotic organisms (including humans and other animals). D) in the oceanic and terrestrial subsurfaces. Answer: D 11) The person who described the "wee animalcules" was A) Hooke. B) van Leeuwenhoek. C) Pasteur. D) Cohn. Answer: B 12) Fannie Hesse is credited with giving the ideas for using agar as a solidifying agent. A) Pasteur Med C File B) Cohn C) Koch D) Winogradsky Answer: C 13) Which of the following is/are characteristic of cellular organisms? A) Metabolism B) Reproduction C) Communication D) All of the above Answer: D 14) Which of the following is not a major ecosystem? A) Aquatic B) Terrestrial C) Atmospheric D) Higher organisms, both plant and animal Answer: C 15) Which statement is true? A) Populations are assemblages of microbial communities. B) Microbial communities are assemblages of populations. C) Habitats are assemblages of microbial communities. D) Populations are assemblages of habitats. Answer: B 16) The export of U.S. beef to foreign markets was shut down in 2003 due to A) AIDS. B) smallpox. C) tuberculosis. D) mad cow disease. Answer: D 17) During a very scientifically productive period in his life, Pasteur developed vaccines for A) anthrax. B) fowl cholera. C) rabies. D) all of the above. Answer: D 18) The discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of A) industrial microbiology. B) agricultural microbiology. C) marine microbiology.