CHEM 106. Lab Report 14 Acids, Bases, Salts and Buffers Acids and bases are pHun.

CHEM 106. Lab Report 14 Acids, Bases, Salts and Buffers Acids and bases are pHun. Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to further explore acid-base indicators and buffer solutions. Acids, bases, and salts are common in our everyday lives. They are found in our food, detergents, toothpaste, etc. An acid is a substance that yields H + ions when dissolved in water. A base is a substance that yields OH − ions when dissolved in water. A salt results when an acid reacts with a base. The H + from the acid and the OH − from the base will combine to form water. The remaining ions from the acid and base form the salt. Salts can be acidic, basic, or neutral. A buffer is a solution of a weak acid or base and its conjugate base or acid. Buffers are important because they can resist drastic changes in pH when small amounts of strong acids or strong bases are added to them. Buffers are also essential in our everyday lives because we have buffer systems in our body. For part 1, we tested 8 different solutions with indicators to approximate the pHs of the solutions and draw conclusions about the salts. For part 2, we tested a buffer and water by adding strong acid and strong base to it to determine if water is a good buffer. Materials: ● 0.10 M FeSO 4 ● 0.10 M NH 4 Cl ● 0.10 M Na 2 HPO 4 ● 0.10 M NaH 2 PO 4 ● 0.10 M Na 3 PO 4 ● 0.10 M NaCl ● 0.10 M NaF ● 0.10 M Na 2 CO 3 ● Thymol blue ● Methyl orange ● Methyl red ● Bromothymol blue ● Phenolphthalein ● Alizarin yellow ● 0.10 M CH 3 COOH ● 0.10 M CH 3 COONa ● 0.10 M HCl ● 0.10 M NaOH ● Tap water ● Deionized water ● Well plates (4 × 6) ● 150 mL beaker ● 100 mL beaker ● 50 mL graduated cylinder ● 50 mL burette ● Burette stand + clamp ● 3-5.5 pH paper ● 0-14 pH paper ● Pipettes and bulbs ● Goggles ● Lab manual ● Lab notebook ● Writing utensil Observations and Experimental Data: Part 1: Indicator Solutions and their Colors Table 1 Solution (0.1 M…) thymol blue methyl orange methyl red bromothymol blue phenolphthalein alizarin yellow FeSO 4 blue dark orange pink yellow cloudy orange yellow NH 4 Cl red orange pink green cloudy white yellow Na 2 HPO 4 yellow orange yellow blue pink yellow NaH 2 PO 4 blue dark orange dark red yellow cloudy white yellow Na 3 PO 4 orange orange yellow blue dark pink orange/red NaCl dark blue orange yellow light blue white yellow NaF dark blue orange yellow light blue white yellow Na 2 CO 3 dark blue orange yellow blue dark pink orange/red