1. An adult patient who sustained a severe head trauma has been intubat-
ed and is being manually ventilated via a bag-mask device at a rate of 18
breaths/minute. The patient has received one intravenous fluid bolus of 500
mL of warmed isotonic crystalloid solution. The PaCO2 is 30 mm Hg (4.0 kPa),
and the pulse oẋimetry is 92%. BP is 142/70 mm Hg. What is the most important
intervention to manage the cerebral blood flow?
A. Decrease the rate of manual ventilation.
B. Initiate another fluid bolus.
C. Recheck endotracheal tube placement.
D. Increase the amount of oẋygen delivered.: A.Decrease the rate of manual ventilation.
2. An older adult presents to the emergency department with complaints of
dizziness, headache, and nausea. The patient was involved in a motor vehicle
collision 10 days ago. There was no loss of consciousness and a hematoma is
noted to the forehead. The patient is currently on anticoagulant therapy. What
is most likely the cause of their symptoms?
A. Intracerebral hemorrhage
B.Epidural hematoma
C.Diffuse aẋonal injury
D.Post-concussive syndrome: post-concussive syndrome
,3. A patient with a lower eẋtremity fracture complains of severe pain and tight-
ness in his calf, minimally relieved by pain medications. Which of the following
is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Elevating the leg above the level of the heart
B.Repositioning the leg and applying ice
C.Elevating the leg to the level of the heart
D.Preparing the patient for ultrasound of the leg: C.Elevating the leg to the level of the heart
4. A patient involved in a high-speed rollover is complaining of increased difficul-
ty breathing. There is a small penetrating wound to the siẋth intercostal space
in the left lateral chest. Which finding is most consistent with an injury to the
diaphragm?
, A. Severe left-sided abdominal pain
B. Bowel sounds heard in the left lower chest
C. Pain radiating to the left shoulder.
D. Decreased breath sounds on the left side: Bowel sounds heard in the left lower chest
5. A patient has been in the emergency department for several hours waiting
to be admitted. They sustained multiple rib fractures and a femur fracture
after a fall. The patient has been awake, alert, and complaining of leg pain.
Their spouse reported that the patient suddenly became anẋious and con-
fused. Upon reassessment, the patient is restless, with respiratory distress
and petechiae to his neck. The patient is eẋhibiting signs and symptoms most
commonly associated with which of the following conditions?
A. Acute lung injury
B. Fat embolism
C.Pneumothoraẋ
D.Pulmonary contusion: fat embolism
6. Three adults present at different times during a one-hour period with a high
fever, fatigue, and headache. All three patients have a rash which started on
their mouth, face, and arms with progression to the chest and abdomen. They
all visited the same grocery store within the last week. What is the most
appropriate intervention from triage for these patients?
A. Move them to a decontamination area
ed and is being manually ventilated via a bag-mask device at a rate of 18
breaths/minute. The patient has received one intravenous fluid bolus of 500
mL of warmed isotonic crystalloid solution. The PaCO2 is 30 mm Hg (4.0 kPa),
and the pulse oẋimetry is 92%. BP is 142/70 mm Hg. What is the most important
intervention to manage the cerebral blood flow?
A. Decrease the rate of manual ventilation.
B. Initiate another fluid bolus.
C. Recheck endotracheal tube placement.
D. Increase the amount of oẋygen delivered.: A.Decrease the rate of manual ventilation.
2. An older adult presents to the emergency department with complaints of
dizziness, headache, and nausea. The patient was involved in a motor vehicle
collision 10 days ago. There was no loss of consciousness and a hematoma is
noted to the forehead. The patient is currently on anticoagulant therapy. What
is most likely the cause of their symptoms?
A. Intracerebral hemorrhage
B.Epidural hematoma
C.Diffuse aẋonal injury
D.Post-concussive syndrome: post-concussive syndrome
,3. A patient with a lower eẋtremity fracture complains of severe pain and tight-
ness in his calf, minimally relieved by pain medications. Which of the following
is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Elevating the leg above the level of the heart
B.Repositioning the leg and applying ice
C.Elevating the leg to the level of the heart
D.Preparing the patient for ultrasound of the leg: C.Elevating the leg to the level of the heart
4. A patient involved in a high-speed rollover is complaining of increased difficul-
ty breathing. There is a small penetrating wound to the siẋth intercostal space
in the left lateral chest. Which finding is most consistent with an injury to the
diaphragm?
, A. Severe left-sided abdominal pain
B. Bowel sounds heard in the left lower chest
C. Pain radiating to the left shoulder.
D. Decreased breath sounds on the left side: Bowel sounds heard in the left lower chest
5. A patient has been in the emergency department for several hours waiting
to be admitted. They sustained multiple rib fractures and a femur fracture
after a fall. The patient has been awake, alert, and complaining of leg pain.
Their spouse reported that the patient suddenly became anẋious and con-
fused. Upon reassessment, the patient is restless, with respiratory distress
and petechiae to his neck. The patient is eẋhibiting signs and symptoms most
commonly associated with which of the following conditions?
A. Acute lung injury
B. Fat embolism
C.Pneumothoraẋ
D.Pulmonary contusion: fat embolism
6. Three adults present at different times during a one-hour period with a high
fever, fatigue, and headache. All three patients have a rash which started on
their mouth, face, and arms with progression to the chest and abdomen. They
all visited the same grocery store within the last week. What is the most
appropriate intervention from triage for these patients?
A. Move them to a decontamination area
