STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF THE BODY
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)KEVIN T. PATTON; GARY A.
THIBODEAU
TEST BANK
Question 1
Reference: Ch. 1: Introduction to the Body – Levels of
Organization & Homeostasis
Question Stem: A nurse is caring for a patient with severe
dehydration. The nurse understands that dehydration disrupts
the body's internal environment. The physiological process
most directly threatened by this disruption is:
A. Metabolism
B. Homeostasis
C. Anabolism
D. Catabolism
Options:
A. Metabolism
B. Homeostasis
C. Anabolism
D. Catabolism
Correct Answer: B
,Rationales:
• Correct B: Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a
stable internal environment despite external changes.
Dehydration directly threatens this stability by altering
fluid volume, electrolyte balance, and blood pressure.
• Incorrect A: Metabolism is the sum of all chemical
reactions in the body (including anabolism and
catabolism). While dehydration can affect metabolic rates,
it is not the core process being threatened.
• Incorrect C: Anabolism is the energy-using process of
building up complex substances from simpler ones. This is
a specific type of metabolic process, not the overarching
stability being compromised.
• Incorrect D: Catabolism is the energy-releasing process of
breaking down complex substances. Like anabolism, it is a
component of metabolism, not the core concept of
internal stability.
Teaching Point: Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable
internal environment, essential for survival.
Citation: Patton & Thibodeau, 2024, Ch. 1: Introduction to the
Body
Question 2
,Reference: Ch. 1: Introduction to the Body – Anatomical
Position & Directions
Question Stem: A patient has a wound on the anterior surface
of their thigh, just proximal to the knee. To assess the wound,
the nurse should look at the:
A. Back of the thigh, near the hip.
B. Front of the thigh, closer to the hip than the knee.
C. Front of the thigh, closer to the knee than the hip.
D. Back of the thigh, just above the knee.
Options:
A. Back of the thigh, near the hip.
B. Front of the thigh, closer to the hip than the knee.
C. Front of the thigh, closer to the knee than the hip.
D. Back of the thigh, just above the knee.
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct C: "Anterior" refers to the front surface of the
body. "Proximal to the knee" means closer to the point of
attachment (the hip) than the knee is, placing it on the
upper part of the thigh.
• Incorrect A: This describes a posterior and proximal
location.
• Incorrect B: This describes an anterior but proximal
location (near the hip), which is incorrect because
"proximal to the knee" means above it, not at the hip.
, • Incorrect D: This describes a posterior and distal location
(near the knee).
Teaching Point: Anterior = front; Proximal = closer to the trunk.
Use these terms to precisely locate structures.
Citation: Patton & Thibodeau, 2024, Ch. 1: Introduction to the
Body
Question 3
Reference: Ch. 1: Introduction to the Body – Body Cavities
Question Stem: A client is admitted with suspected pericarditis.
The nurse anticipates that diagnostic testing will focus on which
body cavity?
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Pelvic cavity
D. Dorsal cavity
Options:
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Pelvic cavity
D. Dorsal cavity
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
16TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)KEVIN T. PATTON; GARY A.
THIBODEAU
TEST BANK
Question 1
Reference: Ch. 1: Introduction to the Body – Levels of
Organization & Homeostasis
Question Stem: A nurse is caring for a patient with severe
dehydration. The nurse understands that dehydration disrupts
the body's internal environment. The physiological process
most directly threatened by this disruption is:
A. Metabolism
B. Homeostasis
C. Anabolism
D. Catabolism
Options:
A. Metabolism
B. Homeostasis
C. Anabolism
D. Catabolism
Correct Answer: B
,Rationales:
• Correct B: Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a
stable internal environment despite external changes.
Dehydration directly threatens this stability by altering
fluid volume, electrolyte balance, and blood pressure.
• Incorrect A: Metabolism is the sum of all chemical
reactions in the body (including anabolism and
catabolism). While dehydration can affect metabolic rates,
it is not the core process being threatened.
• Incorrect C: Anabolism is the energy-using process of
building up complex substances from simpler ones. This is
a specific type of metabolic process, not the overarching
stability being compromised.
• Incorrect D: Catabolism is the energy-releasing process of
breaking down complex substances. Like anabolism, it is a
component of metabolism, not the core concept of
internal stability.
Teaching Point: Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable
internal environment, essential for survival.
Citation: Patton & Thibodeau, 2024, Ch. 1: Introduction to the
Body
Question 2
,Reference: Ch. 1: Introduction to the Body – Anatomical
Position & Directions
Question Stem: A patient has a wound on the anterior surface
of their thigh, just proximal to the knee. To assess the wound,
the nurse should look at the:
A. Back of the thigh, near the hip.
B. Front of the thigh, closer to the hip than the knee.
C. Front of the thigh, closer to the knee than the hip.
D. Back of the thigh, just above the knee.
Options:
A. Back of the thigh, near the hip.
B. Front of the thigh, closer to the hip than the knee.
C. Front of the thigh, closer to the knee than the hip.
D. Back of the thigh, just above the knee.
Correct Answer: C
Rationales:
• Correct C: "Anterior" refers to the front surface of the
body. "Proximal to the knee" means closer to the point of
attachment (the hip) than the knee is, placing it on the
upper part of the thigh.
• Incorrect A: This describes a posterior and proximal
location.
• Incorrect B: This describes an anterior but proximal
location (near the hip), which is incorrect because
"proximal to the knee" means above it, not at the hip.
, • Incorrect D: This describes a posterior and distal location
(near the knee).
Teaching Point: Anterior = front; Proximal = closer to the trunk.
Use these terms to precisely locate structures.
Citation: Patton & Thibodeau, 2024, Ch. 1: Introduction to the
Body
Question 3
Reference: Ch. 1: Introduction to the Body – Body Cavities
Question Stem: A client is admitted with suspected pericarditis.
The nurse anticipates that diagnostic testing will focus on which
body cavity?
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Pelvic cavity
D. Dorsal cavity
Options:
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Pelvic cavity
D. Dorsal cavity
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
