A&P HESI A2 Exam V1
HESI A2 VERSION 1
READING
COMPEHENSION
Doppler Effect
Have you ever wondered why the whistle of a traveling, distant locomotive
predicts its approach several yards before anyone actually sees it? Or why an
oncoming ambulance’s screaming siren is heard momentarily several feet before
the ambulance comes into full view, before it passes you, and why its siren is still
heard faintly well after the ambulance is out of sight?
What you are witnessing is a scientific phenomenon known as the Doppler Effect.
What takes place is truly remarkable. In both of these instances, when the train or
ambulance moves toward the sound waves in front of it, the sound waves are
pulled closer together and have a higher frequency. In either instance, the listener
positioned in front of the moving object hears a higher pitch. The ambulance and
locomotive are progressively moving away from the sound waves behind them,
causing the waves to be farther apart and to have a lower frequency. These fast-
approaching modes of transportation distance themselves past the listener, who
hears a lower pitch.
1. Which statement is not listed as a detail in the passage?
A. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of high frequency
and closeness of waves.
,B. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of low frequency
and closeness of waves.
C. The whistling sound of the locomotive as it approaches and passes can be
explained bythe Doppler effect.
D. The high-pitched sound of the ambulance as it approaches and passes can
be explained by the Doppler effect.
2. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this essay?
A. To entertain the reader with information about trains and ambulances
B. To inform the reader about avoiding accidents, which involve trains and
ambulances
C. To inform the reader about how movement affects sound
D. To analyze the difference between train and ambulance sounds
3. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Trains and ambulances make distinctly loud noises.
B. Low-frequency waves make high-pitched sounds.
C. High-frequency waves make low-pitched sounds.
D. The Doppler Effect explains the rationale for why sound is heard initially
more strongly and then faintly after a moving object has passed.
4. What is the meaning of the word phenomenon in the second paragraph?
A. Something that is lifeless to the senses
,B. Something that is nonchalant
C. Something that is significant but unusual
D. Something that is chemical in origin
5. Which sound waves have a higher pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
6. Which sound waves have a lower pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
Electrocardiogram
Beep!…Beep!…Beep! is the audible rhythmic sound made as the strength of the
heart muscle is measured. The signal cadence has a characteristic record that
varies in every individual. This record is called an electrocardiogram, or ECG.
, In the body, an array of systemic neural responses constantly occur, emitting
electric currents. The electric currents can be detected on the surface of the body,
and if a person is hooked to an amplifier, these impulses are recorded by an
electrocardiograph.
Most of the information obtained is about the heart because the heart sends out
electric currents in waves. This “wave of excitation” spreads through the
heart wall and is accompanied by electric changes. The wave takes place in three
distinct steps.
Initially, the “wave of excitation” accompanied by an electric change lasts for
approximately 1 to 2 seconds after the contraction of the cardiac muscle. The
electric impulses are discharged
HESI A2 VERSION 1
READING
COMPEHENSION
Doppler Effect
Have you ever wondered why the whistle of a traveling, distant locomotive
predicts its approach several yards before anyone actually sees it? Or why an
oncoming ambulance’s screaming siren is heard momentarily several feet before
the ambulance comes into full view, before it passes you, and why its siren is still
heard faintly well after the ambulance is out of sight?
What you are witnessing is a scientific phenomenon known as the Doppler Effect.
What takes place is truly remarkable. In both of these instances, when the train or
ambulance moves toward the sound waves in front of it, the sound waves are
pulled closer together and have a higher frequency. In either instance, the listener
positioned in front of the moving object hears a higher pitch. The ambulance and
locomotive are progressively moving away from the sound waves behind them,
causing the waves to be farther apart and to have a lower frequency. These fast-
approaching modes of transportation distance themselves past the listener, who
hears a lower pitch.
1. Which statement is not listed as a detail in the passage?
A. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of high frequency
and closeness of waves.
,B. The oncoming sound waves have a higher pitch because of low frequency
and closeness of waves.
C. The whistling sound of the locomotive as it approaches and passes can be
explained bythe Doppler effect.
D. The high-pitched sound of the ambulance as it approaches and passes can
be explained by the Doppler effect.
2. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this essay?
A. To entertain the reader with information about trains and ambulances
B. To inform the reader about avoiding accidents, which involve trains and
ambulances
C. To inform the reader about how movement affects sound
D. To analyze the difference between train and ambulance sounds
3. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Trains and ambulances make distinctly loud noises.
B. Low-frequency waves make high-pitched sounds.
C. High-frequency waves make low-pitched sounds.
D. The Doppler Effect explains the rationale for why sound is heard initially
more strongly and then faintly after a moving object has passed.
4. What is the meaning of the word phenomenon in the second paragraph?
A. Something that is lifeless to the senses
,B. Something that is nonchalant
C. Something that is significant but unusual
D. Something that is chemical in origin
5. Which sound waves have a higher pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
6. Which sound waves have a lower pitch?
A. Those waves that are closer together
B. Those waves that are farther apart
C. Those waves that travel a long distance
D. Those waves that travel a short distance
Electrocardiogram
Beep!…Beep!…Beep! is the audible rhythmic sound made as the strength of the
heart muscle is measured. The signal cadence has a characteristic record that
varies in every individual. This record is called an electrocardiogram, or ECG.
, In the body, an array of systemic neural responses constantly occur, emitting
electric currents. The electric currents can be detected on the surface of the body,
and if a person is hooked to an amplifier, these impulses are recorded by an
electrocardiograph.
Most of the information obtained is about the heart because the heart sends out
electric currents in waves. This “wave of excitation” spreads through the
heart wall and is accompanied by electric changes. The wave takes place in three
distinct steps.
Initially, the “wave of excitation” accompanied by an electric change lasts for
approximately 1 to 2 seconds after the contraction of the cardiac muscle. The
electric impulses are discharged
