NSG 533 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_exne2q
The major adult form of hemoglobin, occurs in about 97%
Hemoglobin A (HbA)
of individuals. Contains 2 alpha and 2 beta globin chains.
The minor adult form of hemoglobin, occurs in about
Hemoglobin A2 (HbA2) 2-3% of individuals. Contains 2 alpha and 2 delta globin
chains.
The major fetal form of hemoglobin with a greater affinity
to oxygen than HgA. Will be completely replaced by 6
Hemoglobin F (HbF)
months of life. Contains 2 alpha and 2 gamma globin
chains.
Form of hemoglobin with a dysfunctional beta chain re-
Hemoglobin S (HbS)
sulting in Sickle trait or disease.
Normal value for RBCs 4.5-6 million cells/uL of blood
A measurement of the mass of hemoglobin; > 13 g/dL in
Definition and normal value for Hgb
men, > 12 g/dL in women
A measure of the % of whole blood with intact RBC;
Definition and normal value for Hct
40-50% in men, 35-45% in women
What is the relation of hematocrit to hemoglobin? 3x
Definition and normal value of mean corpuscular volume
A measure of the average volume of a RBC; 80-100 fl.
(MCV)
What is a normal reticulocyte count, and what's the mean- Normal: 0.5-2%. Low = underproduction, high = hemoly-
ing of a high or low value? sis or active bleeding
Measures the blood's ability to bind iron to transferrin. In
Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) iron deficiency anemia, iron level will be low but TIBC will
be high. Normal = 240-450 mcg/dL
An acute phase reactant protein made by the liver that
Haptoglobin preserves iron by irreversibly binding free hemoglobin
from lysed RBCs.
Microcytic anemia
, NSG 533 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_exne2q
An underproduction anemia characterized by abnor-
mally small erythrocytes that contain unusually reduced
amounts of hemoglobin. Typically iron deficiency. MCV <
80 fl.
MCV < 80 fl., reticulocyte count < 0.5%, ferritin < 100
State lab findings seen in iron defiency anemia ng/mL, high TIBC, low serum iron < 30, bone marrow
biopsy showing absense of iron stores
What is the gold standard diagnostic test for iron deficien-
Bone marrow biopsy; not usually necessary
cy anemia?
Blood loss (GI or menstrual), inadequate intake of meats,
What are possible etiologies of iron deficiency anemia? malabsorption (gastrectomy, bariatric surgery, celiac dx,
IBS)
An underproduction anemia that arises commonly from
abnormalities that hinder the maturation of erythroid pre-
Macrocytic anemia
cursors in the bone marrow. Typically B12 or folate defi-
ciency. MCV > 100 fl.
True or false: folate deficiency is the most common cause
True; the body only stores a 4-5 month supply of folate.
of macrocytic anemia.
MCV > 100fl, low reticulocyte count < 0.5%, thrombocy-
State lab findings seen in folate deficiency topenia and neutropenia, elevated homocysteine, low RBC
folate, and normal methylmalonic acid (MMA).
True or false: is can take years to develop a vitamin B12
True
deficiency given the extensive stores in the liver
MCV > 100 fl., low reticulocyte count, low B12 (< 200),
possible (+) intrinsic factor antibody (pernicious anemia),
State lab findings seen in B12 deficiency
elevated methylmalonic acid (MMA), and normal homo-
cysteine.
A type of macrocytic anemia caused by autoimmune de-
struction of parietal cells that make intrinsic factor, a trans-
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_exne2q
The major adult form of hemoglobin, occurs in about 97%
Hemoglobin A (HbA)
of individuals. Contains 2 alpha and 2 beta globin chains.
The minor adult form of hemoglobin, occurs in about
Hemoglobin A2 (HbA2) 2-3% of individuals. Contains 2 alpha and 2 delta globin
chains.
The major fetal form of hemoglobin with a greater affinity
to oxygen than HgA. Will be completely replaced by 6
Hemoglobin F (HbF)
months of life. Contains 2 alpha and 2 gamma globin
chains.
Form of hemoglobin with a dysfunctional beta chain re-
Hemoglobin S (HbS)
sulting in Sickle trait or disease.
Normal value for RBCs 4.5-6 million cells/uL of blood
A measurement of the mass of hemoglobin; > 13 g/dL in
Definition and normal value for Hgb
men, > 12 g/dL in women
A measure of the % of whole blood with intact RBC;
Definition and normal value for Hct
40-50% in men, 35-45% in women
What is the relation of hematocrit to hemoglobin? 3x
Definition and normal value of mean corpuscular volume
A measure of the average volume of a RBC; 80-100 fl.
(MCV)
What is a normal reticulocyte count, and what's the mean- Normal: 0.5-2%. Low = underproduction, high = hemoly-
ing of a high or low value? sis or active bleeding
Measures the blood's ability to bind iron to transferrin. In
Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) iron deficiency anemia, iron level will be low but TIBC will
be high. Normal = 240-450 mcg/dL
An acute phase reactant protein made by the liver that
Haptoglobin preserves iron by irreversibly binding free hemoglobin
from lysed RBCs.
Microcytic anemia
, NSG 533 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_exne2q
An underproduction anemia characterized by abnor-
mally small erythrocytes that contain unusually reduced
amounts of hemoglobin. Typically iron deficiency. MCV <
80 fl.
MCV < 80 fl., reticulocyte count < 0.5%, ferritin < 100
State lab findings seen in iron defiency anemia ng/mL, high TIBC, low serum iron < 30, bone marrow
biopsy showing absense of iron stores
What is the gold standard diagnostic test for iron deficien-
Bone marrow biopsy; not usually necessary
cy anemia?
Blood loss (GI or menstrual), inadequate intake of meats,
What are possible etiologies of iron deficiency anemia? malabsorption (gastrectomy, bariatric surgery, celiac dx,
IBS)
An underproduction anemia that arises commonly from
abnormalities that hinder the maturation of erythroid pre-
Macrocytic anemia
cursors in the bone marrow. Typically B12 or folate defi-
ciency. MCV > 100 fl.
True or false: folate deficiency is the most common cause
True; the body only stores a 4-5 month supply of folate.
of macrocytic anemia.
MCV > 100fl, low reticulocyte count < 0.5%, thrombocy-
State lab findings seen in folate deficiency topenia and neutropenia, elevated homocysteine, low RBC
folate, and normal methylmalonic acid (MMA).
True or false: is can take years to develop a vitamin B12
True
deficiency given the extensive stores in the liver
MCV > 100 fl., low reticulocyte count, low B12 (< 200),
possible (+) intrinsic factor antibody (pernicious anemia),
State lab findings seen in B12 deficiency
elevated methylmalonic acid (MMA), and normal homo-
cysteine.
A type of macrocytic anemia caused by autoimmune de-
struction of parietal cells that make intrinsic factor, a trans-
