BIOL 235 MIDTERM 2 Questions and Answers Biology
100% verified
The somatic nervous system only sends impulses to ________ muscles -
ANSWER -skeletal
Fight or Flight is associated with which division of the autonomic
nervous system? - ANSWER -Sympathetic
What is the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into an action
potential? - ANSWER -electrical excitability
What type of neurons usually have several dendrite and on axon , and
are norm ally found in brain and spinal cord as well as motor neurons? -
ANSWER -Multipolar
What type of neurons have one main dendrite and one axon as well as
are primarily found in the retina of the eye, inner ear, and the olfactory
area of brain? - ANSWER -Bipolar
What type of neurons has dendrites and one axon that are fused together
to form a continuous process that emerges from the cell body? -
ANSWER -Unipolar or Pseudounipolar
The processes of ________ make contact with blood capillaries,
neurons, and the pia mater - ANSWER -astrocytes
What neuroglia has these functions?
,1. contain microfilaments that give them strength and allow them to
support neurons
2. contributes to the effectiveness of BBB
3.in embyro, they secret chemicals that regulate things
4. help maintain an appropriate chemical environment for nerve impulse
generation
5. play a role in hearing and memory - ANSWER -Astrocytes
What neuroglia resemble astrocytes but are smaller and contain fewer
processes as well as are responsible fro forming nd maintiang myelin
sheath? - ANSWER -Oligodendrocytes
What neuroglia are small cells with slender processes that give them a
spine like projections as well as act as phagocytes? - ANSWER -
Microglial Cells
What type of neurglia cells are cuboidal and columanr arranged in a
single layer that possess microvilli and cilia? they produce and possibly
monitor and assist in the circulation of CSF - ANSWER -Ependymal
Cells
What are the 2 types of neuroglia in the PNS? - ANSWER -Schwann
and satellite cells
What type of motor neuron directly supplies skeletal muscle fibers? -
ANSWER -lower motor neurons
What do all of these factors contribute to?
1. unequal distribution of ions in the ECF and cytosol
, 2. inability of most anions to leave the cells
3. electrogenic nature of the sodium potassium ATPases - ANSWER -
Resting membrane potential
Hyperpolarized cells are _______ negative inside ? - ANSWER -More
What mode of travel by which graded potentials die out as they spread
along the membrane ? - ANSWER -decremental conduction
What kind of ion channels are found in nearly all cells, including
dendrites, cell bodies, and axons of all types of neurons? - ANSWER -
Leak channels
What kind of ion channel can be found in pain receptors? - ANSWER -
mechanically-gated channels
What refractory period causes voltage gated sodium channel activation
gates are open as well as the voltage gated potassium channels are
opening and then sodium channels are inactivating? - ANSWER -
absolute refractory period
Sodium channels are ______ and potassium channels are ________
during the relative refractory period ? - ANSWER -closed, open
What do we classify based on amount of myelination, diameters, and
propagation speeds? - ANSWER -Nerve fibers
What is the largest nerve fiber? - ANSWER -A fibers
100% verified
The somatic nervous system only sends impulses to ________ muscles -
ANSWER -skeletal
Fight or Flight is associated with which division of the autonomic
nervous system? - ANSWER -Sympathetic
What is the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into an action
potential? - ANSWER -electrical excitability
What type of neurons usually have several dendrite and on axon , and
are norm ally found in brain and spinal cord as well as motor neurons? -
ANSWER -Multipolar
What type of neurons have one main dendrite and one axon as well as
are primarily found in the retina of the eye, inner ear, and the olfactory
area of brain? - ANSWER -Bipolar
What type of neurons has dendrites and one axon that are fused together
to form a continuous process that emerges from the cell body? -
ANSWER -Unipolar or Pseudounipolar
The processes of ________ make contact with blood capillaries,
neurons, and the pia mater - ANSWER -astrocytes
What neuroglia has these functions?
,1. contain microfilaments that give them strength and allow them to
support neurons
2. contributes to the effectiveness of BBB
3.in embyro, they secret chemicals that regulate things
4. help maintain an appropriate chemical environment for nerve impulse
generation
5. play a role in hearing and memory - ANSWER -Astrocytes
What neuroglia resemble astrocytes but are smaller and contain fewer
processes as well as are responsible fro forming nd maintiang myelin
sheath? - ANSWER -Oligodendrocytes
What neuroglia are small cells with slender processes that give them a
spine like projections as well as act as phagocytes? - ANSWER -
Microglial Cells
What type of neurglia cells are cuboidal and columanr arranged in a
single layer that possess microvilli and cilia? they produce and possibly
monitor and assist in the circulation of CSF - ANSWER -Ependymal
Cells
What are the 2 types of neuroglia in the PNS? - ANSWER -Schwann
and satellite cells
What type of motor neuron directly supplies skeletal muscle fibers? -
ANSWER -lower motor neurons
What do all of these factors contribute to?
1. unequal distribution of ions in the ECF and cytosol
, 2. inability of most anions to leave the cells
3. electrogenic nature of the sodium potassium ATPases - ANSWER -
Resting membrane potential
Hyperpolarized cells are _______ negative inside ? - ANSWER -More
What mode of travel by which graded potentials die out as they spread
along the membrane ? - ANSWER -decremental conduction
What kind of ion channels are found in nearly all cells, including
dendrites, cell bodies, and axons of all types of neurons? - ANSWER -
Leak channels
What kind of ion channel can be found in pain receptors? - ANSWER -
mechanically-gated channels
What refractory period causes voltage gated sodium channel activation
gates are open as well as the voltage gated potassium channels are
opening and then sodium channels are inactivating? - ANSWER -
absolute refractory period
Sodium channels are ______ and potassium channels are ________
during the relative refractory period ? - ANSWER -closed, open
What do we classify based on amount of myelination, diameters, and
propagation speeds? - ANSWER -Nerve fibers
What is the largest nerve fiber? - ANSWER -A fibers
