(Solved)ACLS Final Comprehensive; Final Exam ACLS solution T
h h h h h h h
est Bank 2021-2022 h h
BLSh &hChockinghReliefhofhAdults,hChildren,hInfants;hOpioidhOverdose;hEKGhinterpretation;hCardiachanat
omy;hTeamhdynamics;hBLS/Primary/SecondaryhAssessment;hH'sh&hT's;hAirwayhManagement;hBradycar
diahACLShAlgorithm;hACShACLShAlgorithm;hStrokehACLShAlgorithm;hTachycardiahACLShAlgorithm;hImme
diatehPost-CardiachArresthCarehACLShAlgorithm;hPhamacology
- Whathishtheh mosthcommonhcausehofh cardiacharresthinhchildren?
{{Ans-hrespiratoryhfailurehorhshock
- Whathishcardiacharrest?
{{Ans-
hoccurshwhenhthehhearthdevelopshanhabnormalhrhythmhandhstopshbeatinghorhbeatshtoohineffectivelyhtohcir
culatehbloodhtohthehbrainhandhotherhvitalhorgans
- Whathishhearthattack?
{{Ans-hAhblockagehofhbloodhflowhtohthehhearthmuscle.
- Lisththeh eighthcomponentshofhhighhqualityhCPR.
{{Ans-
1. Starth compressionshwithinh10hsecondshofhrecognitionhofhcardiacharrest.
2. Compresshathahratehofh100-
120/minh withhah depthhofhathleasth2hincheshinhadults/childrenhandh1h1/2hincheshinhinfants.
3. Allowhcompleteh chesthrecoilhafterheachhcompression.
4. Minimizehinterruptionshinhcompressionsh(limithtoh<10h seconds).
5. Giveheffectiveh breathshthathmakehthehchesthvisiblyhrise.
6. Switchhcompressorshaboutheveryh2hminuteshorhearlierhifh fatigued.
7. ContinuehdeliveringhchesthcompressionshwhilehthehAEDhishcharging.
8. Avoidhprolongedhrhythmhanalysis,hfrequenthorhinappropriatehpulsehchecks,htakinghtoohlonghtohgiveh
hbreathshtohthehpatient,hexcessivehventilation,horhunnecessarilyhmovinghthehpatient.
- Whath ishtheh recommendedhcompressionhdepthhforhadultshandhchildren?
{{Ans-h2hinches
- Whath ishtheh recommendedhcompressionhdepthhforhinfants?
{{Ans-h1h1/2h inches
- Whath canh resulthifhah patienthishventilatedhtoohquickly?
1
,{{Ans-hhyperventilationh->hexcessivehintrathoracichpressurehandhgastrichinflationh-
>hdecreasedhvenoushreturnh->hdecreasedhcoronaryhandhcerebralhperfusionhpressuresh-
>hdiminishedhcardiachoutputh->hdecreasedhrateshofhsurvival
- Whath memoryhaidhmayh behusedhwhenhevaluatinghahpatient'shlevelhofhconsciousness?
{{Ans-h AVPU
Alert,hrespondshtohVerbalhstimuli,hrespondshtohPainfulhstimuli,hUnresponsive
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphand
haskedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hsimultaneouslyhlookhforhbreathinghandhfeelhforhahcarotidh pulsehforhnohmoreh thanh10h seconds
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhaskedhthat
hsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-
hsimultaneouslyhlookhforhbreathinghandhfeelhforhahcarotidhorhfemoralhpulsehforhnohmorehthanh10hseconds
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfant,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhaskedhthat
hsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hsimultaneouslyhlookhforhbreathinghandhfeelhforhahbrachialhpulsehforhnoh morehthanh 10h seconds
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthhashnohpulsehandhishnothbreathingh normally.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hbeginhchesthcompressions;hremovehclothing;husehAEDhashsoonhash ith arrives
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthishbreathinghnormallyhandhahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hcontinuehtohmonitorhuntilh additionalh helpharrives.
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandha
skedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthhashnohpulsehandhishnothbreathinghnormally.hTheharresthwashnothsuddenhandhnothwitnes
sed.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-
hbeginhchesthcompressionsh30:2h(1hrescuer),h15:2h (2hrescuer);hifh2hrescuersharehpresent,honehrescuerhbegin
shCPRhandhthehotherhactivateshthehERS;husehthehAEDhashsoonhashitharrives;hafterhabouth2h minhofhCPR,hifhyouha
rehstillhalone,hactivatehthehERShandhgeththehAEDhifhnothalreadyhdone
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphand
haskedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulse
2
,simultaneously.hThehpatienthhashnohpulsehandhishnothbreathinghnormally.hTheharresthwashsuddenhandhwit
nessed.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-
hactivatehthehemergencyhresponsehsystemhandhretrievehthehAED;hbeginhchesthcompressionsh30:2h(1hrescu
er),h15:2h(2hrescuer)
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandha
skedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthishbreathinghnormallyhandhahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hactivatehERS,hreturnhtoh victimhandhmonitorhuntilhemergencyhrespondersharrive
- Uponh findinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneou
sly.hThehpatienthishnothbreathinghnormallyhbuthahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hprovidehrescuehbreathingh(onehbreathheveryh5-6hseconds)handhrecheckhforhah pulseheveryh2hminutes;
behreadyhtohperformhhighhqualityhCPRhifhyouhdohnothfeelhahpulse;hifhopioidhusehishsuspected,hconsiderhadmi
nisteringhnaloxone
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneou
sly.hThehpatienthishnothbreathinghnormallyhbuthahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hprovidehrescuehbreathingh(oneheveryh3-
5hseconds);haddhcompressionshifhpulsehremainsh<60/minhwithhsignshofhpoorhperfusion;hactivatehERShafterh2
hmin;hcontinuehrescuehbreathinghandhcheckhpulsehaboutheveryh2hminh(ifhnohpulsehbeginhCPR)
- Whathishtheh purposehofhthehprimaryhsurvey?
{{Ans-htohdetecththehpresencehofhlife-threateninghproblemshthathrequirehrapidhinterventions
- Whathtwohcardiacharresthrhythmsharehshockable?
{{Ans-hVFhandhpVT
- Whathtwohcardiacharresthrhythmsharehnothshockable?
{{Ans-hasystolehandhPEA
- Duringhthehprimaryhsurvey,hforhwhathlengthhofhtimehshouldhyouhassesshforhthehpresencehofhah pulse?
{{Ans-hathleasth5h secondshbuthnohmorehthanh10h seconds
- Whath ishtheh importancehofhmeasuringhcoronaryhperfusionhpressurehduringhCPR?
{{Ans-
hrepresentshmyocardialhbloodhflowduringhchesthcompressionshandhishahkeyhdeterminanthofhthehsuccesshof
hresuscitation
3
, - Whath ishanh adequatehcoronaryhperfusionhpressureh(CPP)?
{{Ans-h15hmmh Hg
- Whath ishtheh importancehofhmeasuringhwaveformhcapnographyh(PETCO2)hduringh CPR?
{{Ans-
hallowshforhevaluationhofhCPRhquality,hoptimizehchesthcompressions,hdetectionhofhROSChduringhchesthcompress
ionshorhwhenhahrhythmhcheckhrevealshanhorganizedhrhythm,hEThtubehplacement
- Whath ishanh adequatehwaveformhcapnogrpahyh(PETCO2)hrange?
{{Ans-h10-20h mmhHg
- WhenhROSChoccurs,h whath happenshtohwaveformhcapnography?
{{Ans-hTherehwillhbehahsignificanthincreasehinhthehETCO2.h(35-
45hmmHg)hThishincreasehrepresentshahdrastichimprovementhinhbloodhflowh(morehCO2hbeinghdumpedhinhth
ehlungshbyhthehcirculation)hwhichhindicateshcirculation.
- Whath ishchesthcompressionhfraction?
{{Ans-hthehproportionhofhtimehthathchesthcompressionsharehperformedhduringhahcardiacharrest
- Whath ishtheh targethgoalhofh chesthcompressionhfractionhduringhCPR?
{{Ans-h60-80%
- Whath ishtheh appropriatehtidalhvolumehforhadulthcardiacharresthpatients?
{{Ans-h500-600h mLh (halfhahsqueezehofhanhadulthventilationhbag;henoughhtohseehvisiblehchesthrise)
- Singlehrescuershshouldhusehthehcompression-to-ventilationhratiohofh compressionshtoh
breathshwhenhgivinghCPRhtohvictimshofhanyhage.
{{Ans-h 30:2
- Ath whathrateh shouldhcompressionshoccur?
{{Ans-h100-120/min
- Interruptionshinhchesthcompressionshshouldhbehlimitedhtohhowhmanyhseconds?
{{Ans-h <10
- Rescuershshouldhswitchhcompressorshhowhoften?
{{Ans-heveryh5hcyclesh(2hmin)horh soonerhifhfatigued
- Whathmethodhshouldhbehutilizedhwhenhopeninghthehairwayhofhahpatienthwhohishsuspectedhofhhavingha
hheadhorhneckhinjury?
{{Ans-hjawhthrust
- Whenhcommunicatinghwithhahteamhmember,hthehteamhleaderhcommunicateshbyh takinghtheseh steps:
4
h h h h h h h
est Bank 2021-2022 h h
BLSh &hChockinghReliefhofhAdults,hChildren,hInfants;hOpioidhOverdose;hEKGhinterpretation;hCardiachanat
omy;hTeamhdynamics;hBLS/Primary/SecondaryhAssessment;hH'sh&hT's;hAirwayhManagement;hBradycar
diahACLShAlgorithm;hACShACLShAlgorithm;hStrokehACLShAlgorithm;hTachycardiahACLShAlgorithm;hImme
diatehPost-CardiachArresthCarehACLShAlgorithm;hPhamacology
- Whathishtheh mosthcommonhcausehofh cardiacharresthinhchildren?
{{Ans-hrespiratoryhfailurehorhshock
- Whathishcardiacharrest?
{{Ans-
hoccurshwhenhthehhearthdevelopshanhabnormalhrhythmhandhstopshbeatinghorhbeatshtoohineffectivelyhtohcir
culatehbloodhtohthehbrainhandhotherhvitalhorgans
- Whathishhearthattack?
{{Ans-hAhblockagehofhbloodhflowhtohthehhearthmuscle.
- Lisththeh eighthcomponentshofhhighhqualityhCPR.
{{Ans-
1. Starth compressionshwithinh10hsecondshofhrecognitionhofhcardiacharrest.
2. Compresshathahratehofh100-
120/minh withhah depthhofhathleasth2hincheshinhadults/childrenhandh1h1/2hincheshinhinfants.
3. Allowhcompleteh chesthrecoilhafterheachhcompression.
4. Minimizehinterruptionshinhcompressionsh(limithtoh<10h seconds).
5. Giveheffectiveh breathshthathmakehthehchesthvisiblyhrise.
6. Switchhcompressorshaboutheveryh2hminuteshorhearlierhifh fatigued.
7. ContinuehdeliveringhchesthcompressionshwhilehthehAEDhishcharging.
8. Avoidhprolongedhrhythmhanalysis,hfrequenthorhinappropriatehpulsehchecks,htakinghtoohlonghtohgiveh
hbreathshtohthehpatient,hexcessivehventilation,horhunnecessarilyhmovinghthehpatient.
- Whath ishtheh recommendedhcompressionhdepthhforhadultshandhchildren?
{{Ans-h2hinches
- Whath ishtheh recommendedhcompressionhdepthhforhinfants?
{{Ans-h1h1/2h inches
- Whath canh resulthifhah patienthishventilatedhtoohquickly?
1
,{{Ans-hhyperventilationh->hexcessivehintrathoracichpressurehandhgastrichinflationh-
>hdecreasedhvenoushreturnh->hdecreasedhcoronaryhandhcerebralhperfusionhpressuresh-
>hdiminishedhcardiachoutputh->hdecreasedhrateshofhsurvival
- Whath memoryhaidhmayh behusedhwhenhevaluatinghahpatient'shlevelhofhconsciousness?
{{Ans-h AVPU
Alert,hrespondshtohVerbalhstimuli,hrespondshtohPainfulhstimuli,hUnresponsive
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphand
haskedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hsimultaneouslyhlookhforhbreathinghandhfeelhforhahcarotidh pulsehforhnohmoreh thanh10h seconds
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhaskedhthat
hsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-
hsimultaneouslyhlookhforhbreathinghandhfeelhforhahcarotidhorhfemoralhpulsehforhnohmorehthanh10hseconds
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfant,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhaskedhthat
hsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hsimultaneouslyhlookhforhbreathinghandhfeelhforhahbrachialhpulsehforhnoh morehthanh 10h seconds
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthhashnohpulsehandhishnothbreathingh normally.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hbeginhchesthcompressions;hremovehclothing;husehAEDhashsoonhash ith arrives
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthishbreathinghnormallyhandhahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hcontinuehtohmonitorhuntilh additionalh helpharrives.
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandha
skedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthhashnohpulsehandhishnothbreathinghnormally.hTheharresthwashnothsuddenhandhnothwitnes
sed.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-
hbeginhchesthcompressionsh30:2h(1hrescuer),h15:2h (2hrescuer);hifh2hrescuersharehpresent,honehrescuerhbegin
shCPRhandhthehotherhactivateshthehERS;husehthehAEDhashsoonhashitharrives;hafterhabouth2h minhofhCPR,hifhyouha
rehstillhalone,hactivatehthehERShandhgeththehAEDhifhnothalreadyhdone
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphand
haskedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulse
2
,simultaneously.hThehpatienthhashnohpulsehandhishnothbreathinghnormally.hTheharresthwashsuddenhandhwit
nessed.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-
hactivatehthehemergencyhresponsehsystemhandhretrievehthehAED;hbeginhchesthcompressionsh30:2h(1hrescu
er),h15:2h(2hrescuer)
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandha
skedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneo
usly.hThehpatienthishbreathinghnormallyhandhahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hactivatehERS,hreturnhtoh victimhandhmonitorhuntilhemergencyhrespondersharrive
- Uponh findinghanhunresponsivehadulthpatient,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneou
sly.hThehpatienthishnothbreathinghnormallyhbuthahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hprovidehrescuehbreathingh(onehbreathheveryh5-6hseconds)handhrecheckhforhah pulseheveryh2hminutes;
behreadyhtohperformhhighhqualityhCPRhifhyouhdohnothfeelhahpulse;hifhopioidhusehishsuspected,hconsiderhadmi
nisteringhnaloxone
- Uponhfindinghanhunresponsivehinfanthorhchild,hyouhverifiedhthaththehscenehishsafe,hcalledhforhhelphandhas
kedhthathsomeonehgethanhAEDhorhdefibrillator.hYouhcheckhforhbreathinghandhah carotidhpulsehsimultaneou
sly.hThehpatienthishnothbreathinghnormallyhbuthahpulsehishpresent.hYourhnexthactionhshouldhbehto:
{{Ans-hprovidehrescuehbreathingh(oneheveryh3-
5hseconds);haddhcompressionshifhpulsehremainsh<60/minhwithhsignshofhpoorhperfusion;hactivatehERShafterh2
hmin;hcontinuehrescuehbreathinghandhcheckhpulsehaboutheveryh2hminh(ifhnohpulsehbeginhCPR)
- Whathishtheh purposehofhthehprimaryhsurvey?
{{Ans-htohdetecththehpresencehofhlife-threateninghproblemshthathrequirehrapidhinterventions
- Whathtwohcardiacharresthrhythmsharehshockable?
{{Ans-hVFhandhpVT
- Whathtwohcardiacharresthrhythmsharehnothshockable?
{{Ans-hasystolehandhPEA
- Duringhthehprimaryhsurvey,hforhwhathlengthhofhtimehshouldhyouhassesshforhthehpresencehofhah pulse?
{{Ans-hathleasth5h secondshbuthnohmorehthanh10h seconds
- Whath ishtheh importancehofhmeasuringhcoronaryhperfusionhpressurehduringhCPR?
{{Ans-
hrepresentshmyocardialhbloodhflowduringhchesthcompressionshandhishahkeyhdeterminanthofhthehsuccesshof
hresuscitation
3
, - Whath ishanh adequatehcoronaryhperfusionhpressureh(CPP)?
{{Ans-h15hmmh Hg
- Whath ishtheh importancehofhmeasuringhwaveformhcapnographyh(PETCO2)hduringh CPR?
{{Ans-
hallowshforhevaluationhofhCPRhquality,hoptimizehchesthcompressions,hdetectionhofhROSChduringhchesthcompress
ionshorhwhenhahrhythmhcheckhrevealshanhorganizedhrhythm,hEThtubehplacement
- Whath ishanh adequatehwaveformhcapnogrpahyh(PETCO2)hrange?
{{Ans-h10-20h mmhHg
- WhenhROSChoccurs,h whath happenshtohwaveformhcapnography?
{{Ans-hTherehwillhbehahsignificanthincreasehinhthehETCO2.h(35-
45hmmHg)hThishincreasehrepresentshahdrastichimprovementhinhbloodhflowh(morehCO2hbeinghdumpedhinhth
ehlungshbyhthehcirculation)hwhichhindicateshcirculation.
- Whath ishchesthcompressionhfraction?
{{Ans-hthehproportionhofhtimehthathchesthcompressionsharehperformedhduringhahcardiacharrest
- Whath ishtheh targethgoalhofh chesthcompressionhfractionhduringhCPR?
{{Ans-h60-80%
- Whath ishtheh appropriatehtidalhvolumehforhadulthcardiacharresthpatients?
{{Ans-h500-600h mLh (halfhahsqueezehofhanhadulthventilationhbag;henoughhtohseehvisiblehchesthrise)
- Singlehrescuershshouldhusehthehcompression-to-ventilationhratiohofh compressionshtoh
breathshwhenhgivinghCPRhtohvictimshofhanyhage.
{{Ans-h 30:2
- Ath whathrateh shouldhcompressionshoccur?
{{Ans-h100-120/min
- Interruptionshinhchesthcompressionshshouldhbehlimitedhtohhowhmanyhseconds?
{{Ans-h <10
- Rescuershshouldhswitchhcompressorshhowhoften?
{{Ans-heveryh5hcyclesh(2hmin)horh soonerhifhfatigued
- Whathmethodhshouldhbehutilizedhwhenhopeninghthehairwayhofhahpatienthwhohishsuspectedhofhhavingha
hheadhorhneckhinjury?
{{Ans-hjawhthrust
- Whenhcommunicatinghwithhahteamhmember,hthehteamhleaderhcommunicateshbyh takinghtheseh steps:
4
