CS6515 EXAM 2 NEWEST VERSION
2024 COMPLETE 46+ QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
UNIT 1 - ANSWERS--OVERVIEW OF CRITICAL CARE
anxiety - ANSWERS--characterized by apprehension and autonomic arousal; an
internal feeling (hyper-aroused state - CNS)
agitation - ANSWERS--characterized by increased motor activity by patient (physical
display)
planning
communicate
recognize - ANSWERS--RRT based on 3 problems that can lead to failure to rescue:
1. failures in _____ (assessment, treatments)
2. failure to ______
3. failure to _______ deteriorating pt condition
delirium - ANSWERS--ACUTE, REVERSIBLE global impairment of cognitive process -
disorientation, impaired short term memory, altered sensory perception and
inappropriate behavior
increased mortality, both young and old (worsened clinical outcomes and inc length of
stay)
,dementia - ANSWERS--slow, progressive, irreversible loss of intellectual or cognitive
abilities like abstract thinking, reasoning, pathological
PICS (post ICU syndrome) - ANSWERS--1/3 of patients
physical cognitive and mental health problems
PICS-F (post ICU syndrome - family members) - ANSWERS--symptoms of depression
and anxiety
1/3 of family members have PTSD symptoms
awaken
breathe
choose meds/coordinate care
delirium prevention
early ambulation - ANSWERS--ABCDE bundles
composition of RRT - ANSWERS--ICU nurse/Med resident
hospitalist/intensivist
nurse supervisor
respiratory therapy
respiratory - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: ______
RR < 8 or > 28
O2 sat < 90%
threatened airway
cardiovascular - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: _______
acute change in systolic BP to < 90
acute sustained increase in diastolic BP > 110
acute change in HR to < 50 or > 120
onset of chest pain
acutely cold, pulseless, or cyanotic extremity
neurologic - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: _______
confusion, agitation, delirium
unexplained difficulty to arouse
difficulty speaking or swallowing
changes in pupillary responses
seizure
rapid response team - ANSWERS--a team of clinicians who bring critical care expertise
to the BEDSIDE to help prevent them from going to an ICU
other - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: ________
uncontrolled, out of proportion pain
,acute change in urine output (standard for post op is 30 ml/hr)
acute bleeding
acutely elevated temp
rule of 100s - ANSWERS--HR > 100
Temp > 100
SBP < 100
automatic consult to an ICU nurse and assessment and evaluation of pt is done
UNIT 2 - ANSWERS--HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING
hemodynamics - ANSWERS--the study of forces involved in circulating blood - pumps,
pipes, fluid, and electrical conduction (includes everything that controls homeostasis
such as HR, BP, blood volume etc.)
diagnosis
therapies
response - ANSWERS--purpose of hemodynamics:
aid in the _______ of various disorders
assist in guiding ______ to minimize or correct dysfunction (swan ganz to see effects of
therapy, ART lines to see how BP meds working)
evaluate the patient _______ to therapy (watch for rise in CVP if giving fluids)
hemodynamic - ANSWERS--determination of the functional status of the cardiovascular
system - it is a measurement of pressure, flow, and oxygenation within the system
cardiac
blood volume
response - ANSWERS--using non-invasive tools, invasive catheters, and highly
technical monitoring systems the nurse can evaluate a patient's:
1. _______ function
2. circulating ______ (fluid balance)
3. physiologic ______ to treatment
simple level of hemodynamic monitoring - ANSWERS--monitoring heart rate and rhythm
and BP, end organ perfusion (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and intra-arterial
BP
sophisticated level of hemodynamic monitoring - ANSWERS--pulmonary artery flow
directed catheter (SWAN GANZ)
hemodynamic monitoring indications - ANSWERS--used to monitor acutely ill
individuals or those with cardiac disease undergoing surgery
ex. multiple trauma victims, MI, shock (changes in BP, CO, Cl), prophylactically for
extensive surgery, multiple organ dysfunction (MODS)
, diastole - ANSWERS--period of relaxation during which the ventricles are filling
atrial - 0.7 sec
ventricular - 0.5 sec
higher
the lungs
systemic vascular pressure - ANSWERS--the pressure on the left side of the heart is
______ than the pressure on the right side of the heart
right side pumps against ______
left side sumps against _______
cardiac output - ANSWERS--the volume of blood pumped by the heart in L/min from the
ventricles
4-8 L/min - ANSWERS--normal range of cardiac output = ______ L/min
CO = stroke volume (SV) x heart rate (HR)
5600 ml = SV (70 ml) x HR (80 BPM) = 5.6 L/min - ANSWERS--formula for CO
decreased - ANSWERS--reasons for _______ CO = volume loss, leaking protein
stroke volume (SV) - ANSWERS--the amount of blood ejected from the heart PER
BEAT
will decrease with dehydration, increase with fluid volume overload
70 ml - ANSWERS--normal range of SV = _____ ml
systole - ANSWERS--period during which chamber contracts and blood is ejected from
the ventricle
decreases
increases - ANSWERS--if SV ______, the HR will compensate by increasing so initially
the CO remains the same
if HR _____, the SV will stay the same, but eventually decrease bc there is not enough
time for the ventricles to fill
cardiac index - ANSWERS--the cardiac output adjusted for BODY SIZE
(more precise measurement of the efficiency of the pumping action of the heart)
higher
1/2 of
2.4-4 - ANSWERS--the lower the body surface area (BSA), the _______ the cardiac
index
typically CI is _______ CO
therefore if CO range is 4-8, the CI range is _______
2024 COMPLETE 46+ QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
UNIT 1 - ANSWERS--OVERVIEW OF CRITICAL CARE
anxiety - ANSWERS--characterized by apprehension and autonomic arousal; an
internal feeling (hyper-aroused state - CNS)
agitation - ANSWERS--characterized by increased motor activity by patient (physical
display)
planning
communicate
recognize - ANSWERS--RRT based on 3 problems that can lead to failure to rescue:
1. failures in _____ (assessment, treatments)
2. failure to ______
3. failure to _______ deteriorating pt condition
delirium - ANSWERS--ACUTE, REVERSIBLE global impairment of cognitive process -
disorientation, impaired short term memory, altered sensory perception and
inappropriate behavior
increased mortality, both young and old (worsened clinical outcomes and inc length of
stay)
,dementia - ANSWERS--slow, progressive, irreversible loss of intellectual or cognitive
abilities like abstract thinking, reasoning, pathological
PICS (post ICU syndrome) - ANSWERS--1/3 of patients
physical cognitive and mental health problems
PICS-F (post ICU syndrome - family members) - ANSWERS--symptoms of depression
and anxiety
1/3 of family members have PTSD symptoms
awaken
breathe
choose meds/coordinate care
delirium prevention
early ambulation - ANSWERS--ABCDE bundles
composition of RRT - ANSWERS--ICU nurse/Med resident
hospitalist/intensivist
nurse supervisor
respiratory therapy
respiratory - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: ______
RR < 8 or > 28
O2 sat < 90%
threatened airway
cardiovascular - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: _______
acute change in systolic BP to < 90
acute sustained increase in diastolic BP > 110
acute change in HR to < 50 or > 120
onset of chest pain
acutely cold, pulseless, or cyanotic extremity
neurologic - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: _______
confusion, agitation, delirium
unexplained difficulty to arouse
difficulty speaking or swallowing
changes in pupillary responses
seizure
rapid response team - ANSWERS--a team of clinicians who bring critical care expertise
to the BEDSIDE to help prevent them from going to an ICU
other - ANSWERS--trigger criteria: ________
uncontrolled, out of proportion pain
,acute change in urine output (standard for post op is 30 ml/hr)
acute bleeding
acutely elevated temp
rule of 100s - ANSWERS--HR > 100
Temp > 100
SBP < 100
automatic consult to an ICU nurse and assessment and evaluation of pt is done
UNIT 2 - ANSWERS--HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING
hemodynamics - ANSWERS--the study of forces involved in circulating blood - pumps,
pipes, fluid, and electrical conduction (includes everything that controls homeostasis
such as HR, BP, blood volume etc.)
diagnosis
therapies
response - ANSWERS--purpose of hemodynamics:
aid in the _______ of various disorders
assist in guiding ______ to minimize or correct dysfunction (swan ganz to see effects of
therapy, ART lines to see how BP meds working)
evaluate the patient _______ to therapy (watch for rise in CVP if giving fluids)
hemodynamic - ANSWERS--determination of the functional status of the cardiovascular
system - it is a measurement of pressure, flow, and oxygenation within the system
cardiac
blood volume
response - ANSWERS--using non-invasive tools, invasive catheters, and highly
technical monitoring systems the nurse can evaluate a patient's:
1. _______ function
2. circulating ______ (fluid balance)
3. physiologic ______ to treatment
simple level of hemodynamic monitoring - ANSWERS--monitoring heart rate and rhythm
and BP, end organ perfusion (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and intra-arterial
BP
sophisticated level of hemodynamic monitoring - ANSWERS--pulmonary artery flow
directed catheter (SWAN GANZ)
hemodynamic monitoring indications - ANSWERS--used to monitor acutely ill
individuals or those with cardiac disease undergoing surgery
ex. multiple trauma victims, MI, shock (changes in BP, CO, Cl), prophylactically for
extensive surgery, multiple organ dysfunction (MODS)
, diastole - ANSWERS--period of relaxation during which the ventricles are filling
atrial - 0.7 sec
ventricular - 0.5 sec
higher
the lungs
systemic vascular pressure - ANSWERS--the pressure on the left side of the heart is
______ than the pressure on the right side of the heart
right side pumps against ______
left side sumps against _______
cardiac output - ANSWERS--the volume of blood pumped by the heart in L/min from the
ventricles
4-8 L/min - ANSWERS--normal range of cardiac output = ______ L/min
CO = stroke volume (SV) x heart rate (HR)
5600 ml = SV (70 ml) x HR (80 BPM) = 5.6 L/min - ANSWERS--formula for CO
decreased - ANSWERS--reasons for _______ CO = volume loss, leaking protein
stroke volume (SV) - ANSWERS--the amount of blood ejected from the heart PER
BEAT
will decrease with dehydration, increase with fluid volume overload
70 ml - ANSWERS--normal range of SV = _____ ml
systole - ANSWERS--period during which chamber contracts and blood is ejected from
the ventricle
decreases
increases - ANSWERS--if SV ______, the HR will compensate by increasing so initially
the CO remains the same
if HR _____, the SV will stay the same, but eventually decrease bc there is not enough
time for the ventricles to fill
cardiac index - ANSWERS--the cardiac output adjusted for BODY SIZE
(more precise measurement of the efficiency of the pumping action of the heart)
higher
1/2 of
2.4-4 - ANSWERS--the lower the body surface area (BSA), the _______ the cardiac
index
typically CI is _______ CO
therefore if CO range is 4-8, the CI range is _______
