CLEP American Government POS2041,
POS 2041 Chapters 10-12, Exam 2, large
Group Verified 2025
___ is the power of the Supreme Court to declare state and federal laws and actions
null and void when they conflict with the Constitution. (two words) - ANSWER-Judicial
review
"Advice and Consent" clause - ANSWER-power of the Untied States Senate to be
consulted on approve treaties signed and appointment made by the Presidents of the
Untied States to public positions, including Cabinet secretaries, federal judges, United
States Attorneys, and ambassadors. The power is also held by several state senates,
which are consulted on and approve various appointments made by the state's chief
executive, such as some statewide officials, state department heads in the governor's
cabinet, and states judges (in some states).
"Good behavior" clause - ANSWER-The Good Behavior Clause of Article III is the
foundation stone for the independent judiciary in the American tripartite system of
government. In a system designed to protect against tyranny of both the majority and
the minority, the clause is a constitutional contract with those men and women who
serve in the judiciary a contract that can be rescinded only through an act of
impeachment.
"Power of the purse" - ANSWER-The power of the purse is the ability of one group to
manipulate and control the of another group by withholding funding, or putting
stipulations on the use of funds.
"Separate but equal" - ANSWER-Was a legal doctrine in United States constitutional
law that justified and permitted racial segregation as not being breach of the Fourteenth
Amendment to the United State constitutional which guaranteed equal protection under
the aw to all citizens, and other federal civil rights laws.
"Tug of war" - ANSWER-A hard fought, critical struggle for democracy
100 - ANSWER-According to the Speedy Trial Act of 1974, federal trials must
commence within _______ days of arrest with the exception of delay for mental health
testing of the defendant and illness of the defendant or key witness.
10th Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees that any rights not explicitly outlined
heretofore are reserved for the states.
11th Amendment - ANSWER-Prohibits citizens of one state or foreign country from
suing another state.
,12 - ANSWER-The House appropriations committee has ___ subcommittees.
12th Amendment - ANSWER-Requires the Electoral College to vote for President and
Vice President separately.
14 - ANSWER-Number of years a President must reside in the US prior to taking office
14th - ANSWER-This amendment applied the Bill of Rights to states.
14th Amendment - ANSWER-Define US Citizenship as any person born or naturalized
in the United States.
14th Amendment - ANSWER-This amendment includes the due process clause, the
equal protection clause, and gave rights to former slaves.
15 - ANSWER-Number of cabinet positions.
16th Amendment - ANSWER-Established national income tax.
1776 - ANSWER-Year of the 2nd Continental Congress.
17th - ANSWER-Amendment that delegated the election of Senators to popular vote.
18th Amendment - ANSWER-Repealed by the 21st Amendment, this Amendment
prohibited alcohol.
1964 Civil Rights Act - ANSWER-This act prohibited Discrimination because of race,
color, sex, religion, or national origin by employers or labor unions; The adoption by
voting registrars of different standards for black and white applicants; and Racial or
religious discrimination in public accommodations.
19th Amendment - ANSWER-Guaranteed women the right to vote.
1st Amendment - ANSWER-In 1987, the FCC abandoned the fairness doctrine on the
grounds that it unconstitutionally restricted the ______________ rights of broadcasters.
2 - ANSWER-Number of Senators elected at large per state.
2 - ANSWER-Prompted by FDR's 4th election to the Presidency, the 22nd Amendment
limited the number of Presidential terms to _____ terms.
2 - ANSWER-Representatives serve ____ year terms
2/3 - ANSWER-________ of voters identify with one political party in advance of the
campaign.
,2/3 - ANSWER-___________ vote in both the House and Senate may override a
Presidential veto of legislation.
2/3 - ANSWER-After analyzing 1,795 platform pledges over a 10-year period, Gerald M.
Pomper concluded that almost ____________ of these promises were fulfilled
20 - ANSWER-Today the Senate operates with ____ standing and select committees.
These select committees, however, are permanent in nature and are treated as
standing committees under Senate rules.
20th - ANSWER-"lame duck" amendment
25 - ANSWER-Age Requirement for House of Representatives.
25th Amendment - ANSWER-Redefined Presidential succession and disability.
270 - ANSWER-Number of Electoral College votes required to win the Presidency.
27th Amendment - ANSWER-First proposed in 1789, this amendment passed in 1992
prohibits Congress from raising their own pay. Pay raises may not take affect until the
beginning of the next term.
2nd Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees the right to bare arms.
3 - ANSWER-Minimum number of voters per state in the Electoral College.
3 - ANSWER-Number of original cabinet positions under George Washington.
30 - ANSWER-Age Requirement for the Senate
31 - ANSWER-According to one survey, what percentage of Americans belongs to
groups that sometimes take a stand on public issues
35 - ANSWER-Age requirement for President
4 - ANSWER-_____ out of 9 justices must agree to hear an appellate case brought to
them from a lower court.
435 - ANSWER-Total number of Representatives apportioned to the states based on
population and reapportioned with the census every 10 years
4th Amendment - ANSWER-Protects against unreasonable search and seizure.
5 - ANSWER-An immigrant who wished to become a citizen may be naturalized after
living in the US for ___ years.
, 5 - ANSWER-Most house committees are limited to _____ subcommittees.
5,000 - ANSWER-Individual contributions to PACs are limited to ______________
dollars per candidate per election with primaries, general and special elections counting
separately.
501c(4) Committees - ANSWER-nonprofit groups that also engage in issue advocacy.
Under as ection of the federal tax code such a group may spend up to half its revenue
for political purposes
527 Committees - ANSWER-nonprofit independent groups that receive and disburse
funds to influence the nomination, election, or defeat of candidates. Named after a
section of the Internal Revenue Code, which defines and provides tax-exempt status for
nonprofit advocacy groups
527 Organization - ANSWER-A political group organized under section 527 of the IRS
code that may accept and spend unlimited amounts of money on election activities so
long as they are not spent on broadcast ads run in the last 30 days before a primary or
60 days before a general election in which a clearly identified candidate is referred to
and a relevant electorate is targeted.
527 Organizations - ANSWER-Groups named for the section of the Internal Revenue
Service code under which they must report their expenditures. The tax-exempt groups
were created to exploit a loophole in the law regulating campaign finance.
55 - ANSWER-The average voter turnout between 1960 and 2004 was __________
percent
6 - ANSWER-Senators are re-elected every ___ years with 1/3 of the Senate being up
for election every 2 years.
6th Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial.
7 - ANSWER-Number of years a Representative must reside in the US prior to taking
office
7 - ANSWER-The house armed services and foreign affairs committees each have ___
subcommittees.
77 - ANSWER-The median income of women is ___________ percent of men.
7th Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees the right to a civil trial by jury.
8 Million - ANSWER-The estimated number of illegal aliens living in the US.
POS 2041 Chapters 10-12, Exam 2, large
Group Verified 2025
___ is the power of the Supreme Court to declare state and federal laws and actions
null and void when they conflict with the Constitution. (two words) - ANSWER-Judicial
review
"Advice and Consent" clause - ANSWER-power of the Untied States Senate to be
consulted on approve treaties signed and appointment made by the Presidents of the
Untied States to public positions, including Cabinet secretaries, federal judges, United
States Attorneys, and ambassadors. The power is also held by several state senates,
which are consulted on and approve various appointments made by the state's chief
executive, such as some statewide officials, state department heads in the governor's
cabinet, and states judges (in some states).
"Good behavior" clause - ANSWER-The Good Behavior Clause of Article III is the
foundation stone for the independent judiciary in the American tripartite system of
government. In a system designed to protect against tyranny of both the majority and
the minority, the clause is a constitutional contract with those men and women who
serve in the judiciary a contract that can be rescinded only through an act of
impeachment.
"Power of the purse" - ANSWER-The power of the purse is the ability of one group to
manipulate and control the of another group by withholding funding, or putting
stipulations on the use of funds.
"Separate but equal" - ANSWER-Was a legal doctrine in United States constitutional
law that justified and permitted racial segregation as not being breach of the Fourteenth
Amendment to the United State constitutional which guaranteed equal protection under
the aw to all citizens, and other federal civil rights laws.
"Tug of war" - ANSWER-A hard fought, critical struggle for democracy
100 - ANSWER-According to the Speedy Trial Act of 1974, federal trials must
commence within _______ days of arrest with the exception of delay for mental health
testing of the defendant and illness of the defendant or key witness.
10th Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees that any rights not explicitly outlined
heretofore are reserved for the states.
11th Amendment - ANSWER-Prohibits citizens of one state or foreign country from
suing another state.
,12 - ANSWER-The House appropriations committee has ___ subcommittees.
12th Amendment - ANSWER-Requires the Electoral College to vote for President and
Vice President separately.
14 - ANSWER-Number of years a President must reside in the US prior to taking office
14th - ANSWER-This amendment applied the Bill of Rights to states.
14th Amendment - ANSWER-Define US Citizenship as any person born or naturalized
in the United States.
14th Amendment - ANSWER-This amendment includes the due process clause, the
equal protection clause, and gave rights to former slaves.
15 - ANSWER-Number of cabinet positions.
16th Amendment - ANSWER-Established national income tax.
1776 - ANSWER-Year of the 2nd Continental Congress.
17th - ANSWER-Amendment that delegated the election of Senators to popular vote.
18th Amendment - ANSWER-Repealed by the 21st Amendment, this Amendment
prohibited alcohol.
1964 Civil Rights Act - ANSWER-This act prohibited Discrimination because of race,
color, sex, religion, or national origin by employers or labor unions; The adoption by
voting registrars of different standards for black and white applicants; and Racial or
religious discrimination in public accommodations.
19th Amendment - ANSWER-Guaranteed women the right to vote.
1st Amendment - ANSWER-In 1987, the FCC abandoned the fairness doctrine on the
grounds that it unconstitutionally restricted the ______________ rights of broadcasters.
2 - ANSWER-Number of Senators elected at large per state.
2 - ANSWER-Prompted by FDR's 4th election to the Presidency, the 22nd Amendment
limited the number of Presidential terms to _____ terms.
2 - ANSWER-Representatives serve ____ year terms
2/3 - ANSWER-________ of voters identify with one political party in advance of the
campaign.
,2/3 - ANSWER-___________ vote in both the House and Senate may override a
Presidential veto of legislation.
2/3 - ANSWER-After analyzing 1,795 platform pledges over a 10-year period, Gerald M.
Pomper concluded that almost ____________ of these promises were fulfilled
20 - ANSWER-Today the Senate operates with ____ standing and select committees.
These select committees, however, are permanent in nature and are treated as
standing committees under Senate rules.
20th - ANSWER-"lame duck" amendment
25 - ANSWER-Age Requirement for House of Representatives.
25th Amendment - ANSWER-Redefined Presidential succession and disability.
270 - ANSWER-Number of Electoral College votes required to win the Presidency.
27th Amendment - ANSWER-First proposed in 1789, this amendment passed in 1992
prohibits Congress from raising their own pay. Pay raises may not take affect until the
beginning of the next term.
2nd Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees the right to bare arms.
3 - ANSWER-Minimum number of voters per state in the Electoral College.
3 - ANSWER-Number of original cabinet positions under George Washington.
30 - ANSWER-Age Requirement for the Senate
31 - ANSWER-According to one survey, what percentage of Americans belongs to
groups that sometimes take a stand on public issues
35 - ANSWER-Age requirement for President
4 - ANSWER-_____ out of 9 justices must agree to hear an appellate case brought to
them from a lower court.
435 - ANSWER-Total number of Representatives apportioned to the states based on
population and reapportioned with the census every 10 years
4th Amendment - ANSWER-Protects against unreasonable search and seizure.
5 - ANSWER-An immigrant who wished to become a citizen may be naturalized after
living in the US for ___ years.
, 5 - ANSWER-Most house committees are limited to _____ subcommittees.
5,000 - ANSWER-Individual contributions to PACs are limited to ______________
dollars per candidate per election with primaries, general and special elections counting
separately.
501c(4) Committees - ANSWER-nonprofit groups that also engage in issue advocacy.
Under as ection of the federal tax code such a group may spend up to half its revenue
for political purposes
527 Committees - ANSWER-nonprofit independent groups that receive and disburse
funds to influence the nomination, election, or defeat of candidates. Named after a
section of the Internal Revenue Code, which defines and provides tax-exempt status for
nonprofit advocacy groups
527 Organization - ANSWER-A political group organized under section 527 of the IRS
code that may accept and spend unlimited amounts of money on election activities so
long as they are not spent on broadcast ads run in the last 30 days before a primary or
60 days before a general election in which a clearly identified candidate is referred to
and a relevant electorate is targeted.
527 Organizations - ANSWER-Groups named for the section of the Internal Revenue
Service code under which they must report their expenditures. The tax-exempt groups
were created to exploit a loophole in the law regulating campaign finance.
55 - ANSWER-The average voter turnout between 1960 and 2004 was __________
percent
6 - ANSWER-Senators are re-elected every ___ years with 1/3 of the Senate being up
for election every 2 years.
6th Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial.
7 - ANSWER-Number of years a Representative must reside in the US prior to taking
office
7 - ANSWER-The house armed services and foreign affairs committees each have ___
subcommittees.
77 - ANSWER-The median income of women is ___________ percent of men.
7th Amendment - ANSWER-Guarantees the right to a civil trial by jury.
8 Million - ANSWER-The estimated number of illegal aliens living in the US.
