Test Bank
for Kuby Immunology, 8th Edition Author:Jenni Punt,
Sharon Stranford, Patricia Jones and Judy Owen All
Chapters [1-20] Complete Guide A+
FULL TEST BANK!!!
,Chapter 01
1. Two Of The Main, Early Theories Proposed To Explain How Antigen-Specific Antibodies Develop
Were The Instructional Theory And The Selective Theory. How Did The Two Differ? Which Was
Ultimately Shown To Be CORRECT?
ANSWER: The Selective Theory Says That, When An Antigen Receptor Binds With An Antigen, The Cell
Becomes Activated (Or The Cell Is Selected To Proliferate And Secrete More Copies Of The
Receptor). The Instructional Theory Says That The Antigen Receptor Molds Itself To The Antigen.
The Selective Theory Was Shown To Be Correct.
2. Often, Serendipity Plays A Role In Significant Scientific Discoveries. In Your Own Words,
Explain How Serendipity Led Pasteur To Discover A Cholera Vaccine.
ANSWER: Pasteur Developed The Vaccine In Chickens, Which Were In Short Supply. He Challenged Groups
Of Chickens With Cholera Bacteria—Some Of Which Were Previously Exposed To An Attenuated
Version Of Cholera Bacteria. Only The Previously Exposed Animals Were Protected From A New
Challenge, Which Led To The Use Of Weakened Pathogens As Vaccines.
3. Despite Its Having Been Eradicated On A Global Scale, Smallpox Is Presently Considered A Potential
Bioterrorism Threat. Why? Use Evidence To Support Your Answer.
ANSWER: After Eradication Was Achieved, Smallpox Vaccination Programs Largely Ended. As Populations
Continued To Grow Over Time, An Ever-Increasing Percentage Of The Human Population
Remains Unvaccinated And Thus, Is Still Susceptible To The Disease.
4. Prior To 1999, It Was Claimed That A Thimerosal Additive In Vaccines Was Contributing To The Rising
Incidence Of Autism. If The Claims Were True, What Resultant Trend Might You Expect To Observe In The
Rate Of Autism Once Thimerosal Was Removed From Vaccines?
ANSWER: One Would Reasonably Expect A Decrease In The Rate Of Autism. However, Cases Of Autism
Continued To Rise After Thimerosal Was Removed From Vaccines In 2001.
5. Given The Discovery And Development Of Effective Antibiotics, Make An Argument For The
Continued Use Of Vaccines Against Bacterial Pathogens. Use Evidence To Support Your Answer.
ANSWER: Antibiotics Are Used For Treatment Of Disease, Not Typically For Prevention. Antibiotic Treatment
Is Not Foolproof (Considering The Rising Incidence Of Antibiotic Resistance). Vaccines Are A
Preventative Measure, And Prevention Is The Gold Standard For Infectious Disease Control
Measures.
6. You Have A Friend Unfamiliar With Immunology, And He Asks You The Following Question: "Why Do I
Need The Flu Shot Every Year, But Don't Need An Annual Chickenpox Vaccine?" As A Student Of
Immunology, How Would You Explain This Discrepancy To Your Friend? Use Evidence To Support Your
Answer.
ANSWER: The Virus That Causes The Flu Changes Every Year - As A Result, A New Flu Vaccine Must Be
Prepared Each Year Based On A Predication Of The Most Common Forms Of The Virus Likely To
Be Encountered. Vaccines Are Specific In The Type Of Pathogen Against Which They Protect, And
Protection Against One Type Does Not Guarantee Protection Against Pathogens That Are Closely-
Related.
7. Provide One Benefit And One Drawback Of Generating Random Recognition Receptors During The
Development Of B Cells.
ANSWER: A Benefit Is Having The Capacity To Recognize And Respond To Diverse Pathogens As They
Evolve. A Drawback Is That Some Recognition Receptors Could Potentially Recognize And Target
,Host Antigens.
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
8. A Portion Of Our Immune Systems' White Blood Cells Is Constantly Circulating Throughout The
Body Via Circulation And Lymphatics. What Is The Benefit Of Such Circulation?
ANSWER: The Circulation Of The White Blood Cells Allows For A More Comprehensive Surveillance Of
The Body For The Presence Of Potential Pathogens. A Significant Portion Of The Human Body Is
Constantly Exposed To Potential Microbial Pathogens.
9. Complete The Following Table By Comparing And Contrasting Innate And Adaptive Immune Responses.
Innate Adaptive
Immunity Immunity
Is Mediated By What
Cells?
What Do They Recognize?
How Are The Receptors
Encoded?
Why Can't They Control
All Infections Alone?
What Do They Do
In Response To
Antigen?
ANSWER: Adaptive
Innate Immunity
Immunity
Macrophages, NK
Is mediated by T cells and B
cells, neutrophils,
what cells? cells
mast cells eosinophils
What do they Specific
Pathogen patterns
recognize? epitopes
How are the
Rearranged
receptors Germ line
gene segments
encoded?
Why can't they
Pathogens evolve Takes too long
control all
escape mechanisms to develop
infections alone?
What do they do Produce
Engulf and destroy,
in response to antibodies, kill
induce inflammation
antigen? infected cells
10. What Are The Hallmarks Of Inflammation? Describe The Physical Characteristics Of Someone
Experiencing An Inflammatory Response.
ANSWER: Redness, Swelling, Heat, Pain. Someone Experiencing Inflammation Might Have Localized
Swelling And Redness Or Itching Or May Be Experiencing Faintness Due To A Lowering Of Blood
Pressure If More Severe.
for Kuby Immunology, 8th Edition Author:Jenni Punt,
Sharon Stranford, Patricia Jones and Judy Owen All
Chapters [1-20] Complete Guide A+
FULL TEST BANK!!!
,Chapter 01
1. Two Of The Main, Early Theories Proposed To Explain How Antigen-Specific Antibodies Develop
Were The Instructional Theory And The Selective Theory. How Did The Two Differ? Which Was
Ultimately Shown To Be CORRECT?
ANSWER: The Selective Theory Says That, When An Antigen Receptor Binds With An Antigen, The Cell
Becomes Activated (Or The Cell Is Selected To Proliferate And Secrete More Copies Of The
Receptor). The Instructional Theory Says That The Antigen Receptor Molds Itself To The Antigen.
The Selective Theory Was Shown To Be Correct.
2. Often, Serendipity Plays A Role In Significant Scientific Discoveries. In Your Own Words,
Explain How Serendipity Led Pasteur To Discover A Cholera Vaccine.
ANSWER: Pasteur Developed The Vaccine In Chickens, Which Were In Short Supply. He Challenged Groups
Of Chickens With Cholera Bacteria—Some Of Which Were Previously Exposed To An Attenuated
Version Of Cholera Bacteria. Only The Previously Exposed Animals Were Protected From A New
Challenge, Which Led To The Use Of Weakened Pathogens As Vaccines.
3. Despite Its Having Been Eradicated On A Global Scale, Smallpox Is Presently Considered A Potential
Bioterrorism Threat. Why? Use Evidence To Support Your Answer.
ANSWER: After Eradication Was Achieved, Smallpox Vaccination Programs Largely Ended. As Populations
Continued To Grow Over Time, An Ever-Increasing Percentage Of The Human Population
Remains Unvaccinated And Thus, Is Still Susceptible To The Disease.
4. Prior To 1999, It Was Claimed That A Thimerosal Additive In Vaccines Was Contributing To The Rising
Incidence Of Autism. If The Claims Were True, What Resultant Trend Might You Expect To Observe In The
Rate Of Autism Once Thimerosal Was Removed From Vaccines?
ANSWER: One Would Reasonably Expect A Decrease In The Rate Of Autism. However, Cases Of Autism
Continued To Rise After Thimerosal Was Removed From Vaccines In 2001.
5. Given The Discovery And Development Of Effective Antibiotics, Make An Argument For The
Continued Use Of Vaccines Against Bacterial Pathogens. Use Evidence To Support Your Answer.
ANSWER: Antibiotics Are Used For Treatment Of Disease, Not Typically For Prevention. Antibiotic Treatment
Is Not Foolproof (Considering The Rising Incidence Of Antibiotic Resistance). Vaccines Are A
Preventative Measure, And Prevention Is The Gold Standard For Infectious Disease Control
Measures.
6. You Have A Friend Unfamiliar With Immunology, And He Asks You The Following Question: "Why Do I
Need The Flu Shot Every Year, But Don't Need An Annual Chickenpox Vaccine?" As A Student Of
Immunology, How Would You Explain This Discrepancy To Your Friend? Use Evidence To Support Your
Answer.
ANSWER: The Virus That Causes The Flu Changes Every Year - As A Result, A New Flu Vaccine Must Be
Prepared Each Year Based On A Predication Of The Most Common Forms Of The Virus Likely To
Be Encountered. Vaccines Are Specific In The Type Of Pathogen Against Which They Protect, And
Protection Against One Type Does Not Guarantee Protection Against Pathogens That Are Closely-
Related.
7. Provide One Benefit And One Drawback Of Generating Random Recognition Receptors During The
Development Of B Cells.
ANSWER: A Benefit Is Having The Capacity To Recognize And Respond To Diverse Pathogens As They
Evolve. A Drawback Is That Some Recognition Receptors Could Potentially Recognize And Target
,Host Antigens.
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01
8. A Portion Of Our Immune Systems' White Blood Cells Is Constantly Circulating Throughout The
Body Via Circulation And Lymphatics. What Is The Benefit Of Such Circulation?
ANSWER: The Circulation Of The White Blood Cells Allows For A More Comprehensive Surveillance Of
The Body For The Presence Of Potential Pathogens. A Significant Portion Of The Human Body Is
Constantly Exposed To Potential Microbial Pathogens.
9. Complete The Following Table By Comparing And Contrasting Innate And Adaptive Immune Responses.
Innate Adaptive
Immunity Immunity
Is Mediated By What
Cells?
What Do They Recognize?
How Are The Receptors
Encoded?
Why Can't They Control
All Infections Alone?
What Do They Do
In Response To
Antigen?
ANSWER: Adaptive
Innate Immunity
Immunity
Macrophages, NK
Is mediated by T cells and B
cells, neutrophils,
what cells? cells
mast cells eosinophils
What do they Specific
Pathogen patterns
recognize? epitopes
How are the
Rearranged
receptors Germ line
gene segments
encoded?
Why can't they
Pathogens evolve Takes too long
control all
escape mechanisms to develop
infections alone?
What do they do Produce
Engulf and destroy,
in response to antibodies, kill
induce inflammation
antigen? infected cells
10. What Are The Hallmarks Of Inflammation? Describe The Physical Characteristics Of Someone
Experiencing An Inflammatory Response.
ANSWER: Redness, Swelling, Heat, Pain. Someone Experiencing Inflammation Might Have Localized
Swelling And Redness Or Itching Or May Be Experiencing Faintness Due To A Lowering Of Blood
Pressure If More Severe.
