General Chemistry ACS Final Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions

General Chemistry ACS Final Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions Protons - ️️ Correct-defines the element; positive charge; equal to the atomic number Neutrons - ️️ Correct-equal to mass number-number of protons; neutral charge Electrons - ️️ Correct-negative charge; dependent on the charge of the atom Cations - ️️ Correct-Positively charged ions Anions - ️️ Correct-Negatively charged ions Isotopes - ️️ Correct-when the number of neutrons varies but it has the same number of protons ex) Ne-20 and Ne-22` What was believed until the beginning of the 20th century? - ️️ Correct-That all physical phenomena were deterministic Light - ️️ Correct-Form of electromagnetic radiation What is electromagnetic radiation composed of? - ️️ Correct-perpendicular oscillating waves, one for the magnetic field and one for the electric field Speed of light constant - ️️ Correct-3.00*10^8 m/s or 3.00*10^17 nm/s Quantum number n - ️️ Correct-size, n>1 Quantum number l - ️️ Correct-shape, l=0 to (n-1) Quantum number ml - ️️ Correct-orientation, -l to +l TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 2/7 s orbital - ️️ Correct-l=0, 1 orbital p orbital - ️️ Correct-l=1, 3 orbitals d orbital - ️️ Correct-l=2, 5 orbitals f orbital - ️️ Correct-l=3, 7 orbitals Electron configurations - ️️ Correct-description of the orbitals occupied by electrons Valence electrons - ️️ Correct-in the electron configuration they are the electrons associated with highest principle valence shell orbital Nonmetallic character trend - ️️ Correct-increases from left to right and bottom to top Electron Affinity trend - ️️ Correct-get more negative from left to right and bottom to top Ionization Energy trend - ️️ Correct-increases from left to right and bottom to top Metallic Character trend - ️️ Correct-gets more metallic from right to left and top to bottom Atomic Radius trend - ️️ Correct-increases from top to bottom and right to left Naming molecular compounds - ️️ Correct-prefix+1st element+prefix+base name of 2nd -ide mono - ️️ Correct-one di - ️️ Correct-two tri - ️️ Correct-three tetra - ️️ Correct-four TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024 3/7 penta - ️️ Correct-five hexa - ️️ Correct-six hepta - ️️ Correct-7 octa - ️️ Correct-8 nona - ️️ Correct-9 deca - ️️ Correct-10 Naming Ionic Compounds - ️️ Correct-metal w/ invariant charge=metal name metal w/ variant charge= metal name(charge) nonmetal= stem of name+-ide Oxidation numbers - ️️ Correct-1-3. sum=charge