Civic Literacy Florida Review exam actual questions and answers

Civic Literacy Florida Review exam actual questions and answers Electoral College - CORRECT ANSWER-The president is elected by a majority of electoral votes. After an election a group of electors chosen by each state officially cast the electoral votes for their state to choose the President. Articles of Confederation - CORRECT ANSWER-This document was adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1781 during the Revolutionary War to create a national government. The new government was weak because states held most of the power, and Congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control the coining of money. It was later replaced with the U.S. Constitution. Great Compromise - CORRECT ANSWER-introduced by Roger Sherman; set up a bicameral Congress - upper house called Senate with each state getting 2 votes & a lower house called the House of Representatives with each state's representation based on its population--satisfied both the large and small states 3/5 Compromise - CORRECT ANSWER-compromise made when writing the Constitution to sastify both free and slave states; said for every 5 slaves, 3 would count in a state's population for both representation and tax purposes Federalism - CORRECT ANSWER-is the breaking of the gov't into Federal and state levels, each having certain powers Checks and Balances - CORRECT ANSWER-system of each branch of gov't having a power to check the power of the other to make sure no one branch becomes too powerful Executive Branch - CORRECT ANSWER-headed by the President and carries out the laws; also includes the Vice President and the Cabinet members Engel v. Vitale (1962) - CORRECT ANSWER-separation between Church and State in schools. S.C. prayer in public schools is unconstitutional, violates separation of church and state and freedom of religion (First Amendment) Miranda vs. Arizona, 1961 - CORRECT ANSWER-This case proves that the 5th Amendment requires that individuals arrested for a crime must be advised of their right to remain silent and to have counsel present. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) - CORRECT ANSWER-Evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in criminal prosecutions in state courts, as well as federal courts. In Re Gault (1967) - CORRECT ANSWER-14th amendment Due Process Clause allows requirements for state delinquency proceedings. established the principle that young persons have constitutional rights Bill - CORRECT ANSWER-a statute in draft before it becomes law Chief Justice - CORRECT ANSWER-the judge who presides over the supreme court Commander-in-Chief - CORRECT ANSWER-The role of the president as the supreme commander of the armed forces of the United States. Governor - CORRECT ANSWER-highest ranking member of a state's executive branch Reserved powers - CORRECT ANSWER-powers reserved for the states; examples: creating and maintaining an education system, cr