GEM C EXAM ACTUAL UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Simple Sentence - CORRECT ANSWERS has one subject and one verb and makes sense
to the reader. The combination of one subject and one verb forms an independent clause.
EX: Kyle works in our Information Services Department.
Compound sentence - CORRECT ANSWERS consists of two independent clauses
connected by a coordinating conjunction (and, or, but, etc.) or a semicolon.
EX: Kyle works in our Information Services Department, and he attends college classes in the
evening.
Complex sentence - CORRECT ANSWERS consists of an independent clause and one or
more dependent clauses.
EX: Although Kyle works in our Information Systems Department full-time (dependent clause),
he attends classes in the evening (independent clause).
Sentence Fragments GUIDE 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS a fragment is an incomplete
sentence which may be a phrase or dependent clause. Always make sure that dependent clauses
are either connected with an independent clause or are revised to make sense.
Dependent clauses begin with: although, as, because, even, except, for example,if, since, that,
which, and when.
Fused (Run-On) Sentences GUIDE 2 - CORRECT ANSWERS contains two independent
clauses which are joined incorrectly. 2 independent clauses must be joined by either a comma
and coordinating conjunction or by a semi-colon.
Comma-splice Sentences GUIDE 3 - CORRECT ANSWERS independent clauses which
are separated by only a comma result in a comma-splice sentence. independent clauses starting
with conjunctive adverbs such as consequently, furthermore, however, therefore, and then are
used. When conjunctive adverbs start the second independent clause, either a semicolon must be
used before the conjunction adverb, or a separate sentence must be formed.
,Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers GUIDE 4 - CORRECT ANSWERS Modifiers are
words, phrases, or clauses that provide descriptions in sentences. Misplaced modifier occurs
when the word or phrase it describes is not close enough to the modifier. Dangling modifier
occurs when words or phrases are missing from the sentence, causing unclear meaning.
Active / Passive Voice GUIDE 5 - CORRECT ANSWERS Active-voice verbs are used in
order to have the true subject as the doer of the action. passive voice is used, the true subject may
not be clear.
Parallel Structure GUIDE 6 - CORRECT ANSWERS when two or more sentence
elements have the same relationship with one another in the sentence. Parallelism should be used
when more than one noun, verb, phrase, or clause is used in a list within a sentence.
Redundant Expressions GUIDE 7 - CORRECT ANSWERS Redundant: Actual truth, alter
or change, basic fundamentals, each and every, end result, final outcome, last and final, past
history, true facts, unexpected surprise
Starting Fillers GUIDE 8 - CORRECT ANSWERS Remove opening sentence fillers in
order to shorten the sentence and identify the true subject of the sentence. Sentences starting with
There are or It is need to be revised.
There are adds nothing to the sentence.
Subjective (Nominative) Case - CORRECT ANSWERS Used for subjects of verbs and
subject components. A subjective-case pronoun performs the action.
I, we, you, he, she, it, they, who, whoever
Objective Case - CORRECT ANSWERS used for objects of prepositions and object of
verbs. An objective-case pronoun is acted upon.
Me, us, you, him, her, it, them, whom, whomever
Possessive Case - CORRECT ANSWERS Used to show possession.
My, mine, our, ours, you, yours, his, her, hers, its, their, theirs, whose
, Subjective-Case Pronouns GUIDE 9 - CORRECT ANSWERS used as subjects of verbs or
complements of linking verbs such as am, is, are, was, were, being, and been.
TIP: remove the extra noun or pronoun from the sentence.
Objective-case pronouns GUIDE 10 - CORRECT ANSWERS used as objects of
prepositions and verbs. Prepositions such as except and between require the use of objective-case
pronouns.
TIP remove the extra noun our pronoun from the sentence.
Possessive Pronouns GUIDE 11 - CORRECT ANSWERS used to show ownership. Do not
use an apostrophe. Should not be confused with contractions, which aren't used to show
ownership.
"Self" Ending Pronouns GUIDE 12 - CORRECT ANSWERS should only be used when
referring back to a previously mentioned noun or pronoun. Should be I instead of "colin and
myself"
Pronoun Who / Whom GUIDE 13 - CORRECT ANSWERS who is a subjective-case
pronoun. Whom is an objective-case pronoun. Recast the sentence using he for who and him for
whom.
Pronoun / Antecedent Agreement - CORRECT ANSWERS A pronoun can be singular, or
plural, and a pronoun can be gender specific. A pronoun can have more than one antecedent
(words to which it refers). An antecedent is what is replaced by the pronoun.
Clear Antecedent / Pronoun Usage - CORRECT ANSWERS The antecedent for pronouns
such as it, which, this, they, and that are unclear. Sentences with vague or unclear antecedents
need to be rewritten to clarity.
Verb Tense GUIDE 16 - CORRECT ANSWERS 3 simple verb tenses are: present, past
and future. Past tense often end in ed. Future tense verbs have will or shall preceding the verb.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Simple Sentence - CORRECT ANSWERS has one subject and one verb and makes sense
to the reader. The combination of one subject and one verb forms an independent clause.
EX: Kyle works in our Information Services Department.
Compound sentence - CORRECT ANSWERS consists of two independent clauses
connected by a coordinating conjunction (and, or, but, etc.) or a semicolon.
EX: Kyle works in our Information Services Department, and he attends college classes in the
evening.
Complex sentence - CORRECT ANSWERS consists of an independent clause and one or
more dependent clauses.
EX: Although Kyle works in our Information Systems Department full-time (dependent clause),
he attends classes in the evening (independent clause).
Sentence Fragments GUIDE 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS a fragment is an incomplete
sentence which may be a phrase or dependent clause. Always make sure that dependent clauses
are either connected with an independent clause or are revised to make sense.
Dependent clauses begin with: although, as, because, even, except, for example,if, since, that,
which, and when.
Fused (Run-On) Sentences GUIDE 2 - CORRECT ANSWERS contains two independent
clauses which are joined incorrectly. 2 independent clauses must be joined by either a comma
and coordinating conjunction or by a semi-colon.
Comma-splice Sentences GUIDE 3 - CORRECT ANSWERS independent clauses which
are separated by only a comma result in a comma-splice sentence. independent clauses starting
with conjunctive adverbs such as consequently, furthermore, however, therefore, and then are
used. When conjunctive adverbs start the second independent clause, either a semicolon must be
used before the conjunction adverb, or a separate sentence must be formed.
,Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers GUIDE 4 - CORRECT ANSWERS Modifiers are
words, phrases, or clauses that provide descriptions in sentences. Misplaced modifier occurs
when the word or phrase it describes is not close enough to the modifier. Dangling modifier
occurs when words or phrases are missing from the sentence, causing unclear meaning.
Active / Passive Voice GUIDE 5 - CORRECT ANSWERS Active-voice verbs are used in
order to have the true subject as the doer of the action. passive voice is used, the true subject may
not be clear.
Parallel Structure GUIDE 6 - CORRECT ANSWERS when two or more sentence
elements have the same relationship with one another in the sentence. Parallelism should be used
when more than one noun, verb, phrase, or clause is used in a list within a sentence.
Redundant Expressions GUIDE 7 - CORRECT ANSWERS Redundant: Actual truth, alter
or change, basic fundamentals, each and every, end result, final outcome, last and final, past
history, true facts, unexpected surprise
Starting Fillers GUIDE 8 - CORRECT ANSWERS Remove opening sentence fillers in
order to shorten the sentence and identify the true subject of the sentence. Sentences starting with
There are or It is need to be revised.
There are adds nothing to the sentence.
Subjective (Nominative) Case - CORRECT ANSWERS Used for subjects of verbs and
subject components. A subjective-case pronoun performs the action.
I, we, you, he, she, it, they, who, whoever
Objective Case - CORRECT ANSWERS used for objects of prepositions and object of
verbs. An objective-case pronoun is acted upon.
Me, us, you, him, her, it, them, whom, whomever
Possessive Case - CORRECT ANSWERS Used to show possession.
My, mine, our, ours, you, yours, his, her, hers, its, their, theirs, whose
, Subjective-Case Pronouns GUIDE 9 - CORRECT ANSWERS used as subjects of verbs or
complements of linking verbs such as am, is, are, was, were, being, and been.
TIP: remove the extra noun or pronoun from the sentence.
Objective-case pronouns GUIDE 10 - CORRECT ANSWERS used as objects of
prepositions and verbs. Prepositions such as except and between require the use of objective-case
pronouns.
TIP remove the extra noun our pronoun from the sentence.
Possessive Pronouns GUIDE 11 - CORRECT ANSWERS used to show ownership. Do not
use an apostrophe. Should not be confused with contractions, which aren't used to show
ownership.
"Self" Ending Pronouns GUIDE 12 - CORRECT ANSWERS should only be used when
referring back to a previously mentioned noun or pronoun. Should be I instead of "colin and
myself"
Pronoun Who / Whom GUIDE 13 - CORRECT ANSWERS who is a subjective-case
pronoun. Whom is an objective-case pronoun. Recast the sentence using he for who and him for
whom.
Pronoun / Antecedent Agreement - CORRECT ANSWERS A pronoun can be singular, or
plural, and a pronoun can be gender specific. A pronoun can have more than one antecedent
(words to which it refers). An antecedent is what is replaced by the pronoun.
Clear Antecedent / Pronoun Usage - CORRECT ANSWERS The antecedent for pronouns
such as it, which, this, they, and that are unclear. Sentences with vague or unclear antecedents
need to be rewritten to clarity.
Verb Tense GUIDE 16 - CORRECT ANSWERS 3 simple verb tenses are: present, past
and future. Past tense often end in ed. Future tense verbs have will or shall preceding the verb.
