Test Bank-
Public Health Nursing
: Population-Centered Health Care in
the Community
by Marcia Stanhope and Jeanette Lancaster
11th Edition
,Chapter4c01:4cPublic4cHealth4cFoundations4cand4cPopulation4cHealth
Stanhope:4cPublic4cHealth4cNursing:4cPopulation-
Centered4cHealth4cCare4cin4cthe4cCommunity,4c11th4cEdition
MULTIPLE4cCHOICE
1. What4cis4cthe4cprimary4cfocus4cto4cbe4caddressed4cconcerning4cthe4cimprovement4cof4cthe4chealth4cof4
cthe4cAmerican 4cpeople 4cin4cthe 4ctwenty-first4ccentury?
a. Bioterrorism4cand4cglobal4chealth4cthreats
b. Delivery4cof4cindividual4ccare4cand4chygiene
c. The4cneed4cfor4cincreased4chospital4cand4cacute4ccare
d. Chronic4cdisease4cand4cdisability4cmanagement
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cA
There4care4cnew4cconcerns,4cand4cof4cthe4cmost4cserious4care4cbioterrorism4cand4cglobally4cinduced4
cinfections, 4csuch 4cas4cthe4cavian4cflu.4cThese4cthreats4cwill4cdivert4chealth4ccare4cfunds4cand4cresour
ces4cfrom4cother4chealth4ccare4cprograms4cto4cbe4cspent4cfor4cpublic4csafety.4cThe4cothers4care4cnot4cre
lated4cto4cpublic4chealth4cor4care4cconcerns4cthat4chave4cbeen4cpresent4cfor4cmany4cyears.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cPlanning4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromoti
on4cand4cMaintenance
2. A4ccommunity4cis4cconcerned4cabout4cthe4cthreat4cof4cbioterrorism.4cWhich4cof4cthe4cfollowing4c
best4cdescribes4cthe4cbasis4cfor4cthis4cconcern?
a. Bioterrorism4chas4cthe4cpotential4cto4cdissolve4ccommunity-based4cprograms.
b. This threat could causeNthUeRhSeaIlthNcGaTreBs.ysCteOmMto c
4c 4c 4c 4c
c. The4cthreat4cmay4cdivert4cfunds4cfrom4cother4cpublic4csafety4chealth4ccare4cprograms.
d. Fear4cof4cbioterrorism4cwill4cincrease4cthe4cneed4cfor4cshelters.
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cC
Bioterrorism4cmay4chave4can4cimpact4con4cthe4cavailability4cof4cresources4cfor4cpublic4csafety4chealth
4ccare4cprograms.4cBecause 4cfunds4care4cdiverted4cit4cis4cpossible4cthat4ccommunity-
based4cprograms4cwould4cbe4celiminated,4cthe4chealth4ccare4csystem4ccould4cexperience4cchanges,
4cand4cthat4cthere4cwoul4cbe4can4cincrease 4cin4cthe 4cneed4cfor4cshelter. 4cHowever,4call4cthe 4cremaining 4
coptions 4cwould 4chappen 4cbecause4cof4cthe4cdiversion4cof4cfunds.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cAnalyzing
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cDiagnosis4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cPhysiological4cIn
tegrity
3. Which4cstatement4cdescribes4cthe4cconsequence4cof4cthe4csuccessful4cimplementation4cof4ct
he4cAffordable4cCare4cAct?
a. Americans4cwill4cpay4ccloser4cattention4cto4ctheir4chealth4cstatus.
b. Most4cof4cthe4cpopulation4cwill4cbe4ccovered4cby4chealth4cinsurance.
c. Public4chealth4cdepartments4cwill4cneed4cto4cincrease4cthe4cnumber4cof4cnursing4cpositions.
d. The4cprevalence4cof4cobesity4cwill4cdecreas
e.4cANS:4cB
, One4cconsequence4cof4csuccessful4cimplementation4cof4cthe4cAffordable4cCare4cAct4cmight4cbe4cthat4c
the4cmajority4cof4cthe4cpopulation4cwould4cbe4ccovered4cby4cinsurance4cand4cpublic4chealth4cagenci
es4cwill4cnot4cneed4cto4cprovide4cdirect4cclinical4cservices4cin4corder4cto4cassure4cthat4cthose4cwho4cnee
d4cthem4ccan4creceive4cthem.4cThe4cAffordable4cCare4cAct4cwill4cnot4cdirectly4ccause4cAmericans4cto4
pay4ccloser4cattention4cto4ctheir4chealth4cstatus4cor4cdecrease4cthe4cprevalence4cof4cobesity.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
4. The4cpublic4chealth4cNURSE4c(PHN)4cmust4cparticipate4cin4cthe4cessential4cservices4cof4cpu
blic4chealth.4cWhat4cis4cone4cof4cthe4cessential4cservices4cof4cpublic4chealth4cnursing?
a. Monitoring4chealth4cstatus4cby4ccompleting4ca4ccommunity4cassessment
b. Diagnosing4cand4cinvestigating4chealth4cproblems4cin4cthe4cworld
c. Informing,4ceducating,4cand4cempowering4cpeople4cabout4chealth4cissues
d. Working4cin4claw4cenforcement4cto4cregulate4chealth4cand4censure4csafe
ty4cCORRECT4cANSWER:4cC
The4cPHN4cmonitors4chealth4cstatus4cin4cseveral4cways,4ccompleting4ca4ccommunity4cassessment4ci
s4conly4cone4cway4cthat4chealth4cstatus4cis4cmonitored.4cThe4cPHN4cwould4cnot4cdiagnose4cor4csolve4c“w
orld”4cproblems,4cor4cwork4cin4claw4cenforcement.4cRather,4cthe4cPHN4cwould4cparticipate4cwith4cloc
al4cregulators4cto4cprotect4ccommunities4cand4cempower4cpeople4cto4caddress4chealth4cissues.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cImplementation4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
5. A4cpublic4chealth4cdepartment4cis4cusing4cthe4cmission4cof4cpublic4chealth4cas4cdescribed4cby4cthe4cInstit
ute
of Medicine when plU
4c 4caintnsiR
nSgN
4ch eaNIlt hT pG rogBra.mO CminMg. Which
4c 4c 4c 4c 4c 4c
most4clikely4cbe4cimplemented?
a. Tracking4cavian4cflu4coutbreaks4cand4cdoing4csurveillance4cin4cthe4cUnited4cStates
b. Providing4ca4cflu4cshot4cfor4can4celderly4cperson4cat4cthe4chealth4cdepartment
c. Keeping4ctrack4cof4calternative4ctherapies4cin4cuse4cin4cthe4cUnited4cStates
d. Keeping4csnake4cantivenom4cat4cthe4cCenters4cfor4cDisease4cControl4cand4cPrevention
4cin4cAtlanta
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cA
The4cInstitute4cof4cMedicine’s4cstated4cmission4con4cpublic4chealth4cis4c“to4cgenerate4corganized4cc
ommunity4cand4ctechnical4cknowledge4cto4cprevent4cdisease4cand4cpromote4chealth.”4cTracking4ca
via4cflu4coutbreaks4cand4cdoing4csurveillance4capplies4cthis4cconcept4cat4ca4cpopulation4clevel.4cProv
iding4ca4cflu4cshot4cfor4can4celderly4cperson4conly4caddresses4cindividual4ccare.4cKeeping4ctrack4cof4ct
he4cuse4cof4calternative4ctherapies4cdoes4cnothing4cto4cprevent4cdisease4cor4cpromote4chealth4cof4cth
e4cpopulation.4cKeeping4csnake4cantivenom4cis4caimed4cat4cdisease4ccare4cfor4can4cindividual,4cnot4che
alth4cpromotion4cor4cdisease4cprevention.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cAnalyzing
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
6. A4cpublic4chealth4cdepartment4cmakes4csure4cthat4cthe4cessential4ccommunity-
oriented4chealth4cservices4care4cavailable4cin4cthe4ccommunity.4cWhich4cof4cthe4cfollowing4ccore4cpu
blic4chealth4cfunctions4cis4cbeing4cimplemented?
a. Policy4cdevelopment
, b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientific4cknowledge-
based4ccare4cCORRECT4cANSWER:4c
C
Assurance4cfocuses4con4cthe4cresponsibility4cof4cpublic4chealth4cagencies4cto4censure4ccertain4cactiviti
es
have4cbeen4cappropriately4ccarried4cout4cto4cmeet4cpublic4chealth4cgoals4cand4cplans.4cPolicy4cdevel
opment4cseeks4cto4cbuild4cconstituencies4cthat4ccan4chelp4cbring4cabout4cchange4cin4cpublic4cpolicy4cA
ssessment4cincludes4cactivities4cthat4cinvolve4ccollecting,4canalyzing,4cand4cdisseminating4cinfor
mation4con4cboth4cthe4chealth4cstatus4cand4cthe4chealth-
related4caspects4cof4ca4ccommunity4cor4ca4cspecific4cpopulation.4cPublic4chealth4cis4cbased4con4cscien
tific4cknowledge4cbut4cis4cnot4ca4ccore4cfunction
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cApplying
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
7. What4cis4cthe4cpurpose4cof4cpublic4chealth4ccore4cfunctions?
a. Clarifying4cthe4crole4cof4cthe4cgovernment4cin4cfulfilling4cthe4cmission4cof4cpublic4chealth
b. Ensuring4cthe4csafety4cof4cpopulations4cin4creceiving4cquality4chealth4ccare
c. Providing4ccommunity-
based4cindividualized4ccare4cto4cevery4cperson4cin4cthe4cUnited4cStates
d. Uniting4cpublic4cand4cprivate4cproviders4cof4ccare4cin4ca4ccomprehensive4capproach
4cto4cproviding4chealth4ccare
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cA
As4cdefined4cby4cthe4cInstitute4cof4cMedicine4cin4cits4c19884creport4cThe4cFuture4cof4cPublic4cHealth,4cas
sessment,4cpolicy4cdevelopment,4cand4cassurance4care4ccore4cfunctions4cat4call4clevels4cof4cgovern
ment4cfor4cthe4cpuNrpoofsRe clarIifyiGng 4ctBhe.gCoveMrnment’s4crole.
U S N T
4c 4c 4c 4 c
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4c O
Understanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
8. Which4cof4cthe4cfollowing4cstatements4cabout4cpublic4chealth4cis4caccurate?
a. Prevention4cof4cearly4cdeaths4ccan4cbe4cmore4ceffectively4caccomplished4cby4cmedi
cal4ctreatment4cthan4cby4cpublic4chealth4capproaches.
b. Expenditures4cand4cresources4cfor4cpublic4chealth4chave4cincreased4cin4crecent4cyears.
c. Historically,4cgains4cin4cthe4chealth4cof4cpopulations4chave4cbeen4crelated4clargely4cto4cchan
ges4cin4csafety,4csanitation,4cand4cfood4csafety.
d. Reform4cof4cthe4cmedical4cinsurance4csystem4cis4cthe4csingle4cchange4cneeded4cto4cimpr
ove4cthe4chealth4cof4cAmericans.
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cC
Fielding4cand4cTilson4chave4casserted4cthat4cmost4cof4cthe4cincrease4cin4clife4cspan4chas4cbeen4cmade4ct
hrough4cimprovements4cin4csanitation,4cclean4cwater4csupplies,4cmaking4cworkplaces4csafer,4cimpr
oving4cfood4cand4cdrug4csafety,4cimmunizing4cchildren,4cand4cimproving4cnutrition,4chygiene,
and4chousing.4cMedical4ctreatment4chas4cnot4cmade4cas4csignificant4cof4can4cimpact4con4cthe4clife4cspa
n4cas4cpublic4chealth4cmeasures.4cFunding4cfor4cpublic4chealth4cin4crecent4cyears4chas4cbeen4con4ca4cg
radual4cdecline.4cAlthough4creform4cof4cthe4cmedical4cinsurance4csystem4cmay4chelp4cimprove4cthe
4chealth 4cof4cAmericans, 4cthere 4care 4cmany4cother 4cfactors4cthat 4cwill4cneed4cto4cbe4caddressed.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment
Public Health Nursing
: Population-Centered Health Care in
the Community
by Marcia Stanhope and Jeanette Lancaster
11th Edition
,Chapter4c01:4cPublic4cHealth4cFoundations4cand4cPopulation4cHealth
Stanhope:4cPublic4cHealth4cNursing:4cPopulation-
Centered4cHealth4cCare4cin4cthe4cCommunity,4c11th4cEdition
MULTIPLE4cCHOICE
1. What4cis4cthe4cprimary4cfocus4cto4cbe4caddressed4cconcerning4cthe4cimprovement4cof4cthe4chealth4cof4
cthe4cAmerican 4cpeople 4cin4cthe 4ctwenty-first4ccentury?
a. Bioterrorism4cand4cglobal4chealth4cthreats
b. Delivery4cof4cindividual4ccare4cand4chygiene
c. The4cneed4cfor4cincreased4chospital4cand4cacute4ccare
d. Chronic4cdisease4cand4cdisability4cmanagement
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cA
There4care4cnew4cconcerns,4cand4cof4cthe4cmost4cserious4care4cbioterrorism4cand4cglobally4cinduced4
cinfections, 4csuch 4cas4cthe4cavian4cflu.4cThese4cthreats4cwill4cdivert4chealth4ccare4cfunds4cand4cresour
ces4cfrom4cother4chealth4ccare4cprograms4cto4cbe4cspent4cfor4cpublic4csafety.4cThe4cothers4care4cnot4cre
lated4cto4cpublic4chealth4cor4care4cconcerns4cthat4chave4cbeen4cpresent4cfor4cmany4cyears.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cPlanning4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromoti
on4cand4cMaintenance
2. A4ccommunity4cis4cconcerned4cabout4cthe4cthreat4cof4cbioterrorism.4cWhich4cof4cthe4cfollowing4c
best4cdescribes4cthe4cbasis4cfor4cthis4cconcern?
a. Bioterrorism4chas4cthe4cpotential4cto4cdissolve4ccommunity-based4cprograms.
b. This threat could causeNthUeRhSeaIlthNcGaTreBs.ysCteOmMto c
4c 4c 4c 4c
c. The4cthreat4cmay4cdivert4cfunds4cfrom4cother4cpublic4csafety4chealth4ccare4cprograms.
d. Fear4cof4cbioterrorism4cwill4cincrease4cthe4cneed4cfor4cshelters.
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cC
Bioterrorism4cmay4chave4can4cimpact4con4cthe4cavailability4cof4cresources4cfor4cpublic4csafety4chealth
4ccare4cprograms.4cBecause 4cfunds4care4cdiverted4cit4cis4cpossible4cthat4ccommunity-
based4cprograms4cwould4cbe4celiminated,4cthe4chealth4ccare4csystem4ccould4cexperience4cchanges,
4cand4cthat4cthere4cwoul4cbe4can4cincrease 4cin4cthe 4cneed4cfor4cshelter. 4cHowever,4call4cthe 4cremaining 4
coptions 4cwould 4chappen 4cbecause4cof4cthe4cdiversion4cof4cfunds.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cAnalyzing
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cDiagnosis4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cPhysiological4cIn
tegrity
3. Which4cstatement4cdescribes4cthe4cconsequence4cof4cthe4csuccessful4cimplementation4cof4ct
he4cAffordable4cCare4cAct?
a. Americans4cwill4cpay4ccloser4cattention4cto4ctheir4chealth4cstatus.
b. Most4cof4cthe4cpopulation4cwill4cbe4ccovered4cby4chealth4cinsurance.
c. Public4chealth4cdepartments4cwill4cneed4cto4cincrease4cthe4cnumber4cof4cnursing4cpositions.
d. The4cprevalence4cof4cobesity4cwill4cdecreas
e.4cANS:4cB
, One4cconsequence4cof4csuccessful4cimplementation4cof4cthe4cAffordable4cCare4cAct4cmight4cbe4cthat4c
the4cmajority4cof4cthe4cpopulation4cwould4cbe4ccovered4cby4cinsurance4cand4cpublic4chealth4cagenci
es4cwill4cnot4cneed4cto4cprovide4cdirect4cclinical4cservices4cin4corder4cto4cassure4cthat4cthose4cwho4cnee
d4cthem4ccan4creceive4cthem.4cThe4cAffordable4cCare4cAct4cwill4cnot4cdirectly4ccause4cAmericans4cto4
pay4ccloser4cattention4cto4ctheir4chealth4cstatus4cor4cdecrease4cthe4cprevalence4cof4cobesity.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
4. The4cpublic4chealth4cNURSE4c(PHN)4cmust4cparticipate4cin4cthe4cessential4cservices4cof4cpu
blic4chealth.4cWhat4cis4cone4cof4cthe4cessential4cservices4cof4cpublic4chealth4cnursing?
a. Monitoring4chealth4cstatus4cby4ccompleting4ca4ccommunity4cassessment
b. Diagnosing4cand4cinvestigating4chealth4cproblems4cin4cthe4cworld
c. Informing,4ceducating,4cand4cempowering4cpeople4cabout4chealth4cissues
d. Working4cin4claw4cenforcement4cto4cregulate4chealth4cand4censure4csafe
ty4cCORRECT4cANSWER:4cC
The4cPHN4cmonitors4chealth4cstatus4cin4cseveral4cways,4ccompleting4ca4ccommunity4cassessment4ci
s4conly4cone4cway4cthat4chealth4cstatus4cis4cmonitored.4cThe4cPHN4cwould4cnot4cdiagnose4cor4csolve4c“w
orld”4cproblems,4cor4cwork4cin4claw4cenforcement.4cRather,4cthe4cPHN4cwould4cparticipate4cwith4cloc
al4cregulators4cto4cprotect4ccommunities4cand4cempower4cpeople4cto4caddress4chealth4cissues.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cImplementation4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
5. A4cpublic4chealth4cdepartment4cis4cusing4cthe4cmission4cof4cpublic4chealth4cas4cdescribed4cby4cthe4cInstit
ute
of Medicine when plU
4c 4caintnsiR
nSgN
4ch eaNIlt hT pG rogBra.mO CminMg. Which
4c 4c 4c 4c 4c 4c
most4clikely4cbe4cimplemented?
a. Tracking4cavian4cflu4coutbreaks4cand4cdoing4csurveillance4cin4cthe4cUnited4cStates
b. Providing4ca4cflu4cshot4cfor4can4celderly4cperson4cat4cthe4chealth4cdepartment
c. Keeping4ctrack4cof4calternative4ctherapies4cin4cuse4cin4cthe4cUnited4cStates
d. Keeping4csnake4cantivenom4cat4cthe4cCenters4cfor4cDisease4cControl4cand4cPrevention
4cin4cAtlanta
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cA
The4cInstitute4cof4cMedicine’s4cstated4cmission4con4cpublic4chealth4cis4c“to4cgenerate4corganized4cc
ommunity4cand4ctechnical4cknowledge4cto4cprevent4cdisease4cand4cpromote4chealth.”4cTracking4ca
via4cflu4coutbreaks4cand4cdoing4csurveillance4capplies4cthis4cconcept4cat4ca4cpopulation4clevel.4cProv
iding4ca4cflu4cshot4cfor4can4celderly4cperson4conly4caddresses4cindividual4ccare.4cKeeping4ctrack4cof4ct
he4cuse4cof4calternative4ctherapies4cdoes4cnothing4cto4cprevent4cdisease4cor4cpromote4chealth4cof4cth
e4cpopulation.4cKeeping4csnake4cantivenom4cis4caimed4cat4cdisease4ccare4cfor4can4cindividual,4cnot4che
alth4cpromotion4cor4cdisease4cprevention.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cAnalyzing
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
6. A4cpublic4chealth4cdepartment4cmakes4csure4cthat4cthe4cessential4ccommunity-
oriented4chealth4cservices4care4cavailable4cin4cthe4ccommunity.4cWhich4cof4cthe4cfollowing4ccore4cpu
blic4chealth4cfunctions4cis4cbeing4cimplemented?
a. Policy4cdevelopment
, b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientific4cknowledge-
based4ccare4cCORRECT4cANSWER:4c
C
Assurance4cfocuses4con4cthe4cresponsibility4cof4cpublic4chealth4cagencies4cto4censure4ccertain4cactiviti
es
have4cbeen4cappropriately4ccarried4cout4cto4cmeet4cpublic4chealth4cgoals4cand4cplans.4cPolicy4cdevel
opment4cseeks4cto4cbuild4cconstituencies4cthat4ccan4chelp4cbring4cabout4cchange4cin4cpublic4cpolicy4cA
ssessment4cincludes4cactivities4cthat4cinvolve4ccollecting,4canalyzing,4cand4cdisseminating4cinfor
mation4con4cboth4cthe4chealth4cstatus4cand4cthe4chealth-
related4caspects4cof4ca4ccommunity4cor4ca4cspecific4cpopulation.4cPublic4chealth4cis4cbased4con4cscien
tific4cknowledge4cbut4cis4cnot4ca4ccore4cfunction
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cApplying
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
7. What4cis4cthe4cpurpose4cof4cpublic4chealth4ccore4cfunctions?
a. Clarifying4cthe4crole4cof4cthe4cgovernment4cin4cfulfilling4cthe4cmission4cof4cpublic4chealth
b. Ensuring4cthe4csafety4cof4cpopulations4cin4creceiving4cquality4chealth4ccare
c. Providing4ccommunity-
based4cindividualized4ccare4cto4cevery4cperson4cin4cthe4cUnited4cStates
d. Uniting4cpublic4cand4cprivate4cproviders4cof4ccare4cin4ca4ccomprehensive4capproach
4cto4cproviding4chealth4ccare
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cA
As4cdefined4cby4cthe4cInstitute4cof4cMedicine4cin4cits4c19884creport4cThe4cFuture4cof4cPublic4cHealth,4cas
sessment,4cpolicy4cdevelopment,4cand4cassurance4care4ccore4cfunctions4cat4call4clevels4cof4cgovern
ment4cfor4cthe4cpuNrpoofsRe clarIifyiGng 4ctBhe.gCoveMrnment’s4crole.
U S N T
4c 4c 4c 4 c
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4c O
Understanding
TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment4cMSC:4cNCLEX:4cHealth4cPromotio
n4cand4cMaintenance
8. Which4cof4cthe4cfollowing4cstatements4cabout4cpublic4chealth4cis4caccurate?
a. Prevention4cof4cearly4cdeaths4ccan4cbe4cmore4ceffectively4caccomplished4cby4cmedi
cal4ctreatment4cthan4cby4cpublic4chealth4capproaches.
b. Expenditures4cand4cresources4cfor4cpublic4chealth4chave4cincreased4cin4crecent4cyears.
c. Historically,4cgains4cin4cthe4chealth4cof4cpopulations4chave4cbeen4crelated4clargely4cto4cchan
ges4cin4csafety,4csanitation,4cand4cfood4csafety.
d. Reform4cof4cthe4cmedical4cinsurance4csystem4cis4cthe4csingle4cchange4cneeded4cto4cimpr
ove4cthe4chealth4cof4cAmericans.
CORRECT4cANSWER:4cC
Fielding4cand4cTilson4chave4casserted4cthat4cmost4cof4cthe4cincrease4cin4clife4cspan4chas4cbeen4cmade4ct
hrough4cimprovements4cin4csanitation,4cclean4cwater4csupplies,4cmaking4cworkplaces4csafer,4cimpr
oving4cfood4cand4cdrug4csafety,4cimmunizing4cchildren,4cand4cimproving4cnutrition,4chygiene,
and4chousing.4cMedical4ctreatment4chas4cnot4cmade4cas4csignificant4cof4can4cimpact4con4cthe4clife4cspa
n4cas4cpublic4chealth4cmeasures.4cFunding4cfor4cpublic4chealth4cin4crecent4cyears4chas4cbeen4con4ca4cg
radual4cdecline.4cAlthough4creform4cof4cthe4cmedical4cinsurance4csystem4cmay4chelp4cimprove4cthe
4chealth 4cof4cAmericans, 4cthere 4care 4cmany4cother 4cfactors4cthat 4cwill4cneed4cto4cbe4caddressed.
DIF: Cognitive4clevel:4cUnderstanding TOP:4cNursing4cprocess:4cAssessment
