Week 5, 6 & 7 Exam: BIOS252 / BIOS
252 (Latest Update ) Anatomy
& Physiology II with Lab | Review
Questions with Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Section 1: Endocrine System (15 Questions)
1. What hormones does the thyroid gland release?
o A) Insulin and glucagon
o B) Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
o C) Estrogen and progesterone
o D) Cortisol and aldosterone
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The thyroid gland releases T3 and T4, which regulate metabolism,
weight, and energy levels. Insulin/glucagon (A) are pancreatic hormones,
estrogen/progesterone (C) are ovarian, and cortisol/aldosterone (D) are adrenal.
2. What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?
o A) Produce insulin
o B) Regulate body temperature and hormone release
o C) Filter blood
o D) Control voluntary movement
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hormone release (e.g.,
TRH, GnRH), and emotional responses. Insulin production (A) is pancreatic,
blood filtration (C) is renal, and voluntary movement (D) is controlled by the
motor cortex.
3. Which gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
o A) Thyroid gland
o B) Anterior pituitary gland
o C) Adrenal medulla
o D) Posterior pituitary gland
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The anterior pituitary secretes FSH, which stimulates gonadal
function. Thyroid (A) secretes T3/T4, adrenal medulla (C) secretes adrenaline,
and posterior pituitary (D) secretes oxytocin/vasopressin.
4. What does the parathyroid gland regulate?
o A) Blood glucose levels
o B) Calcium levels in the blood
, o C) Heart rate
o D) Body temperature
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The parathyroid gland produces parathyroid hormone (PTH), which
regulates blood calcium levels. Glucose (A) is regulated by the pancreas, heart
rate (C) by the adrenal medulla, and temperature (D) by the hypothalamus.
5. What is Graves’ disease?
o A) Underproduction of thyroid hormones
o B) Overproduction of thyroid hormones
o C) Low calcium levels
o D) High blood glucose
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism
(overproduction of thyroid hormones). Underproduction (A) is hypothyroidism,
low calcium (C) is hypoparathyroidism, and high glucose (D) is diabetes.
6. Which hormone breaks down glycogen into glucose?
o A) Insulin
o B) Glucagon
o C) Thyroxine
o D) Cortisol
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Glucagon, secreted by the pancreas, breaks down glycogen into
glucose to raise blood sugar. Insulin (A) lowers glucose, thyroxine (C) regulates
metabolism, and cortisol (D) manages stress response.,
7. What hormones do the ovaries produce?
o A) Testosterone and sperm
o B) Estrogen and progesterone
o C) Adrenaline and noradrenaline
o D) T3 and T4
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone for reproductive
development and menstruation. Testosterone (A) is from testes, adrenaline (C)
from adrenal medulla, and T3/T4 (D) from thyroid.
8. Where is aldosterone produced?
o A) Pancreas
o B) Adrenal cortex
o C) Anterior pituitary
o D) Hypothalamus
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Aldosterone, a steroid hormone regulating sodium and water balance,
is produced in the adrenal cortex. Pancreas (A) produces insulin, anterior pituitary
(C) produces ACTH, and hypothalamus (D) produces releasing hormones.
9. What is the target tissue of growth hormone?
o A) Thyroid gland
o B) All tissues
o C) Adrenal glands
252 (Latest Update ) Anatomy
& Physiology II with Lab | Review
Questions with Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
Section 1: Endocrine System (15 Questions)
1. What hormones does the thyroid gland release?
o A) Insulin and glucagon
o B) Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
o C) Estrogen and progesterone
o D) Cortisol and aldosterone
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The thyroid gland releases T3 and T4, which regulate metabolism,
weight, and energy levels. Insulin/glucagon (A) are pancreatic hormones,
estrogen/progesterone (C) are ovarian, and cortisol/aldosterone (D) are adrenal.
2. What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?
o A) Produce insulin
o B) Regulate body temperature and hormone release
o C) Filter blood
o D) Control voluntary movement
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hormone release (e.g.,
TRH, GnRH), and emotional responses. Insulin production (A) is pancreatic,
blood filtration (C) is renal, and voluntary movement (D) is controlled by the
motor cortex.
3. Which gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
o A) Thyroid gland
o B) Anterior pituitary gland
o C) Adrenal medulla
o D) Posterior pituitary gland
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The anterior pituitary secretes FSH, which stimulates gonadal
function. Thyroid (A) secretes T3/T4, adrenal medulla (C) secretes adrenaline,
and posterior pituitary (D) secretes oxytocin/vasopressin.
4. What does the parathyroid gland regulate?
o A) Blood glucose levels
o B) Calcium levels in the blood
, o C) Heart rate
o D) Body temperature
o Answer: B
o Rationale: The parathyroid gland produces parathyroid hormone (PTH), which
regulates blood calcium levels. Glucose (A) is regulated by the pancreas, heart
rate (C) by the adrenal medulla, and temperature (D) by the hypothalamus.
5. What is Graves’ disease?
o A) Underproduction of thyroid hormones
o B) Overproduction of thyroid hormones
o C) Low calcium levels
o D) High blood glucose
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism
(overproduction of thyroid hormones). Underproduction (A) is hypothyroidism,
low calcium (C) is hypoparathyroidism, and high glucose (D) is diabetes.
6. Which hormone breaks down glycogen into glucose?
o A) Insulin
o B) Glucagon
o C) Thyroxine
o D) Cortisol
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Glucagon, secreted by the pancreas, breaks down glycogen into
glucose to raise blood sugar. Insulin (A) lowers glucose, thyroxine (C) regulates
metabolism, and cortisol (D) manages stress response.,
7. What hormones do the ovaries produce?
o A) Testosterone and sperm
o B) Estrogen and progesterone
o C) Adrenaline and noradrenaline
o D) T3 and T4
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone for reproductive
development and menstruation. Testosterone (A) is from testes, adrenaline (C)
from adrenal medulla, and T3/T4 (D) from thyroid.
8. Where is aldosterone produced?
o A) Pancreas
o B) Adrenal cortex
o C) Anterior pituitary
o D) Hypothalamus
o Answer: B
o Rationale: Aldosterone, a steroid hormone regulating sodium and water balance,
is produced in the adrenal cortex. Pancreas (A) produces insulin, anterior pituitary
(C) produces ACTH, and hypothalamus (D) produces releasing hormones.
9. What is the target tissue of growth hormone?
o A) Thyroid gland
o B) All tissues
o C) Adrenal glands
