Parallel Technique - -1) Long axis of tooth Vertical Angulation (Parallel Technique) - -
and film are parallel to eachother The film is parallel to the long axis of the teeth
2) The central ray is directed perpendicular to the
long axis of the tooth and film
Elongation - -Vertical angulation too low
Periapical Film - -Used to show root apex
of tooth and surrounding structures Foreshortening - -Vertical angulation too
high
Bitewing exposure - -Used to detect
interproximal decay and height of alveolar bone Overlapping - -Result of incorrect
horizontal angualtion
Occlusial - -Used to view cross section of
the teeth and complete palatal structure or floor Target Film Distance - -16"
of mouth
Full Mouth Series - -Anterior- 8
5 safety precautions for operator - -1) Posterior-8
Never hold film in patients mouth Bitewing-4
2) Stand behind a protective barrier
3) stand 6 feet away from x-ray unit
4)Never stand in direct line of primary beam Maxillary Anterior Films - -Maxillary Right
5) Use lead lined open cone Cuspid
Maxillary Right Lateral
Maxillary Centrals
Care of x-ray unit - -1) Don't force unit arm Maxillary Left Lateral
to be extended Maxillary Left Cuspid
2) Don't leave the arm extended after use
3) allow 5 seconds between exposures to let the
tube cool Mandibular Anterior Films - -Mandibular
4) Don't let the tube head hit the wall Right Cuspid
5) always turn off unit when finished Mandibular Lateral central incisors
Mandibular left cuspid
Inverse Square Law - -Using a longer
target object diminishes intensity of radiation Posterior Maxillary Films - -Right molar
Right Bicuspid
Left bicuspid
Horizontal angulation (Parallel Technique) - Left molar
-Central ray must pass through the teeth
parallel to the proximal surfaces
Posterior Mandibular Films - -Right Molar
Right Bicuspid
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