Nurs 676 advanced pharmacology midterm exam (wcu) @question
and answers
What is the first line drug for a patient with hypothyroidism? - ans-
levothyroxine, a thyroid hormone
What is the first line drug for a patient with hyperthryoidism? - ans-
methimazole, an antithyroid agent
What is the first line drug for a pregnant patient with diabetes? - ans-
insulins that are rapid or short acting that are hum- derivatives.
What should patients hba1c levels be below? - ans-6.5%
Alendronate - ans-class: bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis and
paget's dx
Moa: inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
Tiludronate - ans-class: bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis
and paget's dx
Moa: inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
T or f: amitriptylline will increase the concentration of norepinephrine in the
synapse - ans-true
T or f: haloperidol is a high potency antipsychotic which blocks dopamine
receptors? - ans-true
T or f: glipizide inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 enzyme? - ans- false
,T or f: a decreased concentration of tsh is commonly treated with
levothyroxine. - ans-false
What is one long acting form of insulin? - ans-glargine or detemir
,Lispro - ans-class: rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset 5
minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
Aspart - ans-class: rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset
5 minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
Regular - ans-class: short acting insulin for hyperglycemia
Moa: onset 30-45 minutes; peaks 3-4 hours; duration 4-10 hours
Nph - ans-class: intermediate insulin for hyperglycemia
Moa: onset 30 minutes-1 hour; peaks 4-10 hours; duration 12-24 hours
Glargine - ans-class: long acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset
2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
Detemir - ans-class: long acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset
2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
Glipizide - ans-class: short acting sulfonylurea for an insufficient production
of insulin in dm2
Moa: stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects
of adh.
Glyburide - ans-class: sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of insulin
in dm2
Moa: stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects
of adh.
Chlorpropamide - ans-class: sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of
insulin in dm2; off label for neurogenic di
Moa: stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects
of adh.
, Metformin - ans-class: biguanide, first line drug for dm2
Moa: decreases glucose production in liver, decreases gi glucose
absorption and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose
uptake and utilization; does not stimulate insulin release for beta cells;
inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces blood viscosity.
Acarbose - ans-class: alpha glucosidase inhibitor; third-line for dm2 in
insulin resistant patients
Moa: inhibits absorption of cho in gi, lowers bg levels after meals
Miglitol - ans-class: alpha glucosidase inhibitor; third-line for dm2 in insulin
resistant patients
Moa: inhibits absorption of cho in gi, lowers bg levels after meals
Sitagliptin - ans-class: dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor for dm2 moa:
inhibits dpp4, breaks down glp1 and gip which are released in response to
a meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release
of glucagon by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose
levels.
Saxaglipin - ans-class: dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor for dm2 moa:
inhibits dpp4, breaks down glp1 and gip which are released in response to
a meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release
of glucagon by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose
levels.
Exenatide - ans-class: glucagon like peptide 1 agonist for dm2 moa:
promotes insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in the presence of
elevated glucose concentrations.
and answers
What is the first line drug for a patient with hypothyroidism? - ans-
levothyroxine, a thyroid hormone
What is the first line drug for a patient with hyperthryoidism? - ans-
methimazole, an antithyroid agent
What is the first line drug for a pregnant patient with diabetes? - ans-
insulins that are rapid or short acting that are hum- derivatives.
What should patients hba1c levels be below? - ans-6.5%
Alendronate - ans-class: bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis and
paget's dx
Moa: inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
Tiludronate - ans-class: bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis
and paget's dx
Moa: inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
T or f: amitriptylline will increase the concentration of norepinephrine in the
synapse - ans-true
T or f: haloperidol is a high potency antipsychotic which blocks dopamine
receptors? - ans-true
T or f: glipizide inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 enzyme? - ans- false
,T or f: a decreased concentration of tsh is commonly treated with
levothyroxine. - ans-false
What is one long acting form of insulin? - ans-glargine or detemir
,Lispro - ans-class: rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset 5
minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
Aspart - ans-class: rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset
5 minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
Regular - ans-class: short acting insulin for hyperglycemia
Moa: onset 30-45 minutes; peaks 3-4 hours; duration 4-10 hours
Nph - ans-class: intermediate insulin for hyperglycemia
Moa: onset 30 minutes-1 hour; peaks 4-10 hours; duration 12-24 hours
Glargine - ans-class: long acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset
2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
Detemir - ans-class: long acting insulin for hyperglycemia moa: onset
2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
Glipizide - ans-class: short acting sulfonylurea for an insufficient production
of insulin in dm2
Moa: stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects
of adh.
Glyburide - ans-class: sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of insulin
in dm2
Moa: stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects
of adh.
Chlorpropamide - ans-class: sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of
insulin in dm2; off label for neurogenic di
Moa: stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects
of adh.
, Metformin - ans-class: biguanide, first line drug for dm2
Moa: decreases glucose production in liver, decreases gi glucose
absorption and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose
uptake and utilization; does not stimulate insulin release for beta cells;
inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces blood viscosity.
Acarbose - ans-class: alpha glucosidase inhibitor; third-line for dm2 in
insulin resistant patients
Moa: inhibits absorption of cho in gi, lowers bg levels after meals
Miglitol - ans-class: alpha glucosidase inhibitor; third-line for dm2 in insulin
resistant patients
Moa: inhibits absorption of cho in gi, lowers bg levels after meals
Sitagliptin - ans-class: dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor for dm2 moa:
inhibits dpp4, breaks down glp1 and gip which are released in response to
a meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release
of glucagon by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose
levels.
Saxaglipin - ans-class: dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor for dm2 moa:
inhibits dpp4, breaks down glp1 and gip which are released in response to
a meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release
of glucagon by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose
levels.
Exenatide - ans-class: glucagon like peptide 1 agonist for dm2 moa:
promotes insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in the presence of
elevated glucose concentrations.
