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Human Anatomy & Physiology CH 42 -
CH 42 REVIEW QUESTIONS
Human Anatomy & Physiology Ii (Farmingdale State College)
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Chapter 42: Management of Patients With Musculoskeletal Trauma
1. A nurse admits a patient who has a fracture of the nose that has resulted in a skin tear and involvement
of the mucous membranes of the nasal passages. The orthopedic nurse is aware that this description
likely indicates which type of fracture?
A) Compression
B) Compound
C) Impacted
D) Transverse
Feedback: A compound fracture involves damage to the skin or mucous membranes and is also called an
open fracture. A compression fracture involves compression of bone and is seen in vertebral fractures. An
impacted fracture occurs when a bone fragment is driven into another bone fragment. A transverse
fracture occurs straight across the bone shaft.
2. A patient has sustained a long bone fracture and the nurse is preparing the patients care plan. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the care plan?
A) Administer vitamin D and calcium supplements as ordered.
B) Monitor temperature and pulses of the affected extremity.
C) Perform passive range of motion exercises as tolerated.
D) Administer corticosteroids as ordered.
Feedback: The nurse should include monitoring for sufficient blood supply by assessing the color,
temperature, and pulses of the affected extremity. Weight-bearing exercises are encouraged, but
passive ROM exercises have the potential to cause pain and inhibit healing. Corticosteroids, vitamin D,
and calcium are not normally administered.
3. A nurses assessment of a patients knee reveals edema, tenderness, muscle spasms, and ecchymosis.
The patient states that 2 days ago he ran 10 miles and now it really hurts to stand up. The nurse should
plan care based on the belief that the patient has experienced what?
A) A first-degree strain
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B) A second-degree strain
C) A first-degree sprain
D) A second-degree sprain
Feedback: A second-degree strain involves tearing of muscle fibers and is manifested by notable loss of
loadbearing strength with accompanying edema, tenderness, muscle spasm, and ecchymosis. A first-
degree strain reflects tearing of a few muscle fibers and is accompanied by minor edema, tenderness, and
mildmuscle spasm, without noticeable loss of function. However, this patient states a loss of function. A
sprain normally involves twisting, which is inconsistent with the patients overuse injury.
4. A nurse is preparing to discharge a patient from the emergency department after receiving treatment for
an ankle sprain. While providing discharge education, the nurse should encourage which of the
following?
A) Apply heat for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury.
B) Maintain the ankle in a dependent position.
C) Exercise hourly by performing rotation exercises of the ankle.
D) Keep an elastic compression bandage on the ankle.
Feedback: Treatment of a sprain consists of resting and elevating the affected part, applying cold, and
using a compression bandage. After the acute inflammatory stage (usually 24 to 48 hours after injury),
heat may be applied intermittently. Rotation exercises would likely be painful.
5. A nurse is writing a care plan for a patient admitted to the emergency department (ED) with an open
fracture. The nurse will assign priority to what nursing diagnosis for a patient with an open fracture of
the radius?
A) Risk for Infection
B)Risk for Ineffective Role Performance
C)Risk for Perioperative Positioning Injury
D)Risk for Powerlessness
Feedback: The patient has a significant risk for osteomyelitis and tetanus due to the fact that the fracture
is open. Powerlessness and ineffective role performance are psychosocial diagnoses that may or may not
apply, and which would be superseded by immediate physiologic threats such as infection. Surgical
positioning injury is not plausible, since surgery is not likely indicated.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
Lomoarcpsd|26582732
Human Anatomy & Physiology CH 42 -
CH 42 REVIEW QUESTIONS
Human Anatomy & Physiology Ii (Farmingdale State College)
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
Chapter 42: Management of Patients With Musculoskeletal Trauma
1. A nurse admits a patient who has a fracture of the nose that has resulted in a skin tear and involvement
of the mucous membranes of the nasal passages. The orthopedic nurse is aware that this description
likely indicates which type of fracture?
A) Compression
B) Compound
C) Impacted
D) Transverse
Feedback: A compound fracture involves damage to the skin or mucous membranes and is also called an
open fracture. A compression fracture involves compression of bone and is seen in vertebral fractures. An
impacted fracture occurs when a bone fragment is driven into another bone fragment. A transverse
fracture occurs straight across the bone shaft.
2. A patient has sustained a long bone fracture and the nurse is preparing the patients care plan. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the care plan?
A) Administer vitamin D and calcium supplements as ordered.
B) Monitor temperature and pulses of the affected extremity.
C) Perform passive range of motion exercises as tolerated.
D) Administer corticosteroids as ordered.
Feedback: The nurse should include monitoring for sufficient blood supply by assessing the color,
temperature, and pulses of the affected extremity. Weight-bearing exercises are encouraged, but
passive ROM exercises have the potential to cause pain and inhibit healing. Corticosteroids, vitamin D,
and calcium are not normally administered.
3. A nurses assessment of a patients knee reveals edema, tenderness, muscle spasms, and ecchymosis.
The patient states that 2 days ago he ran 10 miles and now it really hurts to stand up. The nurse should
plan care based on the belief that the patient has experienced what?
A) A first-degree strain
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B) A second-degree strain
C) A first-degree sprain
D) A second-degree sprain
Feedback: A second-degree strain involves tearing of muscle fibers and is manifested by notable loss of
loadbearing strength with accompanying edema, tenderness, muscle spasm, and ecchymosis. A first-
degree strain reflects tearing of a few muscle fibers and is accompanied by minor edema, tenderness, and
mildmuscle spasm, without noticeable loss of function. However, this patient states a loss of function. A
sprain normally involves twisting, which is inconsistent with the patients overuse injury.
4. A nurse is preparing to discharge a patient from the emergency department after receiving treatment for
an ankle sprain. While providing discharge education, the nurse should encourage which of the
following?
A) Apply heat for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury.
B) Maintain the ankle in a dependent position.
C) Exercise hourly by performing rotation exercises of the ankle.
D) Keep an elastic compression bandage on the ankle.
Feedback: Treatment of a sprain consists of resting and elevating the affected part, applying cold, and
using a compression bandage. After the acute inflammatory stage (usually 24 to 48 hours after injury),
heat may be applied intermittently. Rotation exercises would likely be painful.
5. A nurse is writing a care plan for a patient admitted to the emergency department (ED) with an open
fracture. The nurse will assign priority to what nursing diagnosis for a patient with an open fracture of
the radius?
A) Risk for Infection
B)Risk for Ineffective Role Performance
C)Risk for Perioperative Positioning Injury
D)Risk for Powerlessness
Feedback: The patient has a significant risk for osteomyelitis and tetanus due to the fact that the fracture
is open. Powerlessness and ineffective role performance are psychosocial diagnoses that may or may not
apply, and which would be superseded by immediate physiologic threats such as infection. Surgical
positioning injury is not plausible, since surgery is not likely indicated.
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