ATI Nursing Nutrition Study Guide: Key Concepts & Diet Therapy Review

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Summary Nursing Nutrition ATI Study Guide [Latest

2025]

NUTRITION .....ANSWER.....the process of providing or obtaining

the food necessary for health and growth

Principles of Nutrition .....ANSWER.....Nutrients absorbed in the

diet determine, to a large degree, the health of the body.

COMPONENTS OF NUTRITIVE SOURCES

.....ANSWER.....carbohydrates, and fiber, protein, lipids or fats,

vitamins, minerals and electrolytes, water

ENERGY YIELDING NUTRIENTS .....ANSWER.....nutrients that can

be metabolized to produce energy in the body. they include

carbohydrates 4 kcal, fats 9 kcals, and proteins 4 kcals.

DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES or DRI .....ANSWER.....set levels of

intake considered adequate to prevent nutrient deficiencies and

reduce the risk of chronic disease; Tolerance Upper Intake Level

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(UL) sets the maximum daily intake that is unlikely to cause health

problems.

CARBOHYDRATES .....ANSWER.....Main source of energy in the

diet. Each gram of carbohydrate produces 4 kcal and serves as

the main source of fuel (glucose) for the brain, skeletal muscles

during exercise, erythrocyte and leukocyte production, and cell

function of the renal medulla

WHAT IS THE AVERAGE AMOUNT OF CARBOHYDRATES

NEEDED TO FUEL THE BRAIN? .....ANSWER.....130 g/day

WHAT IS THE MEDIAN CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE?

.....ANSWER.....For men = 200 to 300 gram per day and for

women = 180 to 230 gram per day

WHAT IS THE ACCEPTABLE MACRONUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION

RANGE FOR CARBOHYDRATES? .....ANSWER.....45% to 65%

kcal per day of carbohydrates comparing to

25% to 35% of fats and

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10% to 35% of proteins

CARBOHYDRATES .....ANSWER.....are organic compounds of

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Main source of energy in the

diet. Each gram of carbogydrate produces 4 kcal and serves as

the main source of fuel (glucose) for the brain, skeletal muscles

during exercise, erythrocyte and leukocte prodcution, and cell

function of the renal medulla

CARBOHYDRATES .....ANSWER.....provide energy for cellular

work, and help regulate protein and fat metabolism. they are

essential for normal cardiac and central nervous system or CNS.

WHAT ARE THE CLASSIFICATION OF CARBOHYDRATES?

.....ANSWER.....Monosaccharides Disaccharides and

Polysaccharides

COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES .....ANSWER.....are ingested and

broken down, they are easily absorbed in the intestine and into

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the bloodstream where hey are stored in the liver and muscles

for energy needs.

HOW MUCH CARBOHYDRATES THE BODY ABSORBS?

.....ANSWER.....80% to95% of carbohydrates.Absorption occurs

mainly in the small intestines using pancreatic and intestinal

enzymes.

WHAT IS A GLYCOGEN? .....ANSWER.....is the stored

carbohydrate energy source found in the liver and muscles. It is a

vital source of back up energy.

HOW MUCH ENERGY THE CARBOHYDRATES PROVIDES?

.....ANSWER.....Carbohydrates provide 4 cal/g of energy

WHAT IS A FIBER? .....ANSWER.....is categorized as a

carbohydrate, but it doesn't yield energy for the body

WHAT IS DIETARY FIBER? .....ANSWER.....is the substance in plant

foods that is indigestible which includes pectin, gum, cellulose,

and mucilage