NEM3002 UF Final Exam Questions
and Answers
what roles do nematodes play in soil ecology? - ANSWER-primary, secondary, and
tertiary consumers
Which nematode trophic group usually have a needle shaped mouth part called
stylet?
- Herbivore
- Predator
- Fungivore
- Omnivore
- Bacteriovore - ANSWER-Herbivore, Fungivore
How do you extract nematodes from soil? - ANSWER-There are a few ways but
tools needed are very simple: a shovel, auger, t-tube, etc. An active method is to
extract nematode through the Baermann funnel where you fill the funnel with soil and
water. Over time the method takes about 24-72 hours and only live nematodes will
sink to the bottom of the funnel. The passive method is sieving and centrifuging,
where the nematodes will clump at the bottom after the centrifugation (dead or alive)
Which is the correct order of egg layer development? - ANSWER-vitelline, chitin,
lipid
This egg layer provides structural strength. - ANSWER-Chitin
This egg layer is impermeable. - ANSWER-Lipid
Can nematodes see light? - ANSWER-They have sensory structures although they
do not have eyes like humans and other mammals. The structures enhance the
nematode's awareness to the environment around them, so they don't require eyes
to see light.
order the three steps of nematode molting - ANSWER-apolysis,
formation of new cuticle,
ecdysis
order the steps of nematode hatching - ANSWER-juvenile movement, enzymatic
breakdown of eggshell,
change in egg permeability.
Which is the correct order of nematode cuticle parts from internal to external? -
ANSWER-epidermis, basal, median, cortical, epicuticle
, Match the nematode body orientation with the correct features - ANSWER-Dorsal -->
teeth
Ventral --> Vulva, Anus
Lateral --> Amphids
In nematodes, neuromuscular process are sent out to the nerve. T or F - ANSWER-
True
The predominant neurotransmitter in nematodes is: - ANSWER-ACh
The ____________ is responsible for worm architecture - ANSWER-Epidermis
Describe nematode locomotion in your own words. - ANSWER-Nematodes use what
is called undulatory propulsion, similar to what we see in snakes or eels. This when
muscles contract against the hydrostatic skeleton, we see the nematode bend
against the substrate it is on. While you have contraction in the dorsal field you also
have relaxation in the ventral, and vice versa.
What nematode morphology is used to sense the environment? - ANSWER-Sensilla
Which is not a part of the nematode nervous system? - ANSWER-Sarcomere
Nematode muscles are 1.______ striated, and have 2. ______ filaments than
vertebrate muscles. Vertebrate muscles are 3.______ striated and have 4._____
filaments than nematode muscles. - ANSWER-1. Obliquely
2. Thicker and longer
3. Not obliquely
4. Thinner and shorter
Correctly order the parts of the nematode esophagus/pharynx - ANSWER-
Procorpus, Metacorpus, Isthmus, Posterior Bulb
Match the nematode order with the correct pharynx - ANSWER-Monocchus --> 1
part
Dorylaimus --> 2 part
Pelodera --> 3 part
How is a heart different from a nematode esophagus? - ANSWER-Only nematode
esophagus are tubes that use binucleate muscles
Which is NOT a part of nematode digestive tract? - ANSWER-Isthmus
What is a possible reason Ascaris produces so many more eggs than C. elegans in
a day? - ANSWER-Ascaris is a parasite and many eggs are likely to be killed by host
immune system
How do nematodes locate each other for mating? - ANSWER-Pheromones
In a stressed environment, nematodes may enter a lower metabolic rate. T or F -
ANSWER-True
and Answers
what roles do nematodes play in soil ecology? - ANSWER-primary, secondary, and
tertiary consumers
Which nematode trophic group usually have a needle shaped mouth part called
stylet?
- Herbivore
- Predator
- Fungivore
- Omnivore
- Bacteriovore - ANSWER-Herbivore, Fungivore
How do you extract nematodes from soil? - ANSWER-There are a few ways but
tools needed are very simple: a shovel, auger, t-tube, etc. An active method is to
extract nematode through the Baermann funnel where you fill the funnel with soil and
water. Over time the method takes about 24-72 hours and only live nematodes will
sink to the bottom of the funnel. The passive method is sieving and centrifuging,
where the nematodes will clump at the bottom after the centrifugation (dead or alive)
Which is the correct order of egg layer development? - ANSWER-vitelline, chitin,
lipid
This egg layer provides structural strength. - ANSWER-Chitin
This egg layer is impermeable. - ANSWER-Lipid
Can nematodes see light? - ANSWER-They have sensory structures although they
do not have eyes like humans and other mammals. The structures enhance the
nematode's awareness to the environment around them, so they don't require eyes
to see light.
order the three steps of nematode molting - ANSWER-apolysis,
formation of new cuticle,
ecdysis
order the steps of nematode hatching - ANSWER-juvenile movement, enzymatic
breakdown of eggshell,
change in egg permeability.
Which is the correct order of nematode cuticle parts from internal to external? -
ANSWER-epidermis, basal, median, cortical, epicuticle
, Match the nematode body orientation with the correct features - ANSWER-Dorsal -->
teeth
Ventral --> Vulva, Anus
Lateral --> Amphids
In nematodes, neuromuscular process are sent out to the nerve. T or F - ANSWER-
True
The predominant neurotransmitter in nematodes is: - ANSWER-ACh
The ____________ is responsible for worm architecture - ANSWER-Epidermis
Describe nematode locomotion in your own words. - ANSWER-Nematodes use what
is called undulatory propulsion, similar to what we see in snakes or eels. This when
muscles contract against the hydrostatic skeleton, we see the nematode bend
against the substrate it is on. While you have contraction in the dorsal field you also
have relaxation in the ventral, and vice versa.
What nematode morphology is used to sense the environment? - ANSWER-Sensilla
Which is not a part of the nematode nervous system? - ANSWER-Sarcomere
Nematode muscles are 1.______ striated, and have 2. ______ filaments than
vertebrate muscles. Vertebrate muscles are 3.______ striated and have 4._____
filaments than nematode muscles. - ANSWER-1. Obliquely
2. Thicker and longer
3. Not obliquely
4. Thinner and shorter
Correctly order the parts of the nematode esophagus/pharynx - ANSWER-
Procorpus, Metacorpus, Isthmus, Posterior Bulb
Match the nematode order with the correct pharynx - ANSWER-Monocchus --> 1
part
Dorylaimus --> 2 part
Pelodera --> 3 part
How is a heart different from a nematode esophagus? - ANSWER-Only nematode
esophagus are tubes that use binucleate muscles
Which is NOT a part of nematode digestive tract? - ANSWER-Isthmus
What is a possible reason Ascaris produces so many more eggs than C. elegans in
a day? - ANSWER-Ascaris is a parasite and many eggs are likely to be killed by host
immune system
How do nematodes locate each other for mating? - ANSWER-Pheromones
In a stressed environment, nematodes may enter a lower metabolic rate. T or F -
ANSWER-True
