ATI CAPSTONE – PEDS EXAM – REAL TEST
QUESTIONS & RATIONALES
1. A r nurse r is r caring r for r an r 18-month-old r toddler r who r has r been
r hopitalized r for r10 rdays. rAfter rthe rtoddler's rmother rleaves rthe
rroom, rthe rnurse robserves rthe rtoddler rsitting rquietly rin rthe
rcorner rof rthe rcrib, rsucking rher rthumb. rWhen rthe rnurse
rapproaches rthe rcrib, rthe rtoddler rturns raway rform rthe rnurse.
rThe
1 r/
r18
,nurse r should r understand r that r these r behaviors r indicate r which r of
r the r following rdevelopmental rreactions?: ranxiety rreaction
2. how rdo ryou rprevent raspiration rfollowing ra rtonsillectomy: rWithhold
rfluids runtil rthe rclient rdemonstrates ra rgag rreflex.
rationale: rFollowing ra rtonsillectomy, rthe rclient's rgag rreflex rcan rbe rsuppressed rby rlocal ranesthetics ror
redema. rTo rprevent raspiration, rthe rgag rreflex rmust rbe rpresent rbefore rthe rclient ris rallowed rhave rfluids
FREQUENT rSWALLOWING rCOULD rINDICATE rA rBLEED. rdo rnot rgargle, rcough, ror rdrink rthrough ra rstraw r(a
rcan rcause rbleeding)
3. what rcan ra r12 rmonth rold rtoddler rplay rwith: rlarge rbuilding rblocks
4. A r nurse r is r providing r discharge r teaching r about r nutrition r to r the
r parents r of r a r child r who r has r CF. r Which r of r the r following r responses
r by r the r parents r indicates r an runderstanding rof rthe rteaching?: rwe rwill rgive
rour rchild rpancreatic renzymes rwith rsnacks/meals
rationale: rCF rinterferes rwith rthe ravailability rof rpancreatic renzymes rnecessary rfor rdigestion rand
rabsorption rof rnutrients. rTherefore, rpancreatic renzymes rmust rbe rtaken rwith rall rmeals rand rsnacks.
you rshould ralso rincrease rtheir rfat, rprotein, rand rcaloric rintake
CF rFUN rFACT: rChildren rwho rhave rcystic rfibrosis rmetabolize rantibiotics rmore rrapidly rand rrequire
rhigher rdoses rof rantibiotics rto rhelp rfight raggressive rinfections rsuch ras rBurkholderia rcepacia.
5. A r nurse r is r caring r for r a r 4 r year-old r child r who r is r newly
r diagnosed r with r diabetes rmellitus r and r is r distressed r after r his
r insulin r injection. r Which r of r the r following r should rthe rnurse ruse rto
rhelp rthe rchild rdeal rwith rthis rinjection?: rA rneedle-less rsyringe rand ra rdoll. rA
rneedle-less rsyringe rand ra rdoll rallow rthe rchild rto ract rout rfeelings rof ranger rand rhelplessness rabout
rgetting rshots.
6. A r nurse r is r planning r care r for r an r adolescent r who r is
r postoperative r following rscoliosis rrepair rwith rHarrington rrod
rinstrumentation rwhich rof rthe rfollowing
2 r/
r18
, intervention rshould rthe rnurse rinclude rin rthe rplan rof rcare?: r- rlog rroll rthe
rclient revery r2 rhr rto rpromote rrespiratory rstatus.
-use ra rPCA rpump rfor rpain rcontrol
-maintain rthe rclient rin ra rsupine rposition rto rprevent rbending rof rthe rspine
7. A rnurse ris rassessing ra rtoddler rat ra rwell-child rvisit. rAt rwhat rpoint
rin rthe rphysical rexamination rshould rthe rnurse rexamine rthe rchild's
rtympanic rmembrane?: rat rthe rend
When rexamining ra rtoddler, rthe rnurse rshould rfollow ra rmodified rhead-to-toe rapproach, rstarting rat rthe
rhead rbut rdeferring ranything rthat rthe rtoddler ris rlikely rto rview ras rinvasive rand rtraumatic rto rthe rvery
rend. rThe rtoddler ris rlikely rto rresist rnot ronly rhaving rthe rears rexamined, rbut ralso ranything rthat rfollows.
8. A r parent r calls r a r clinic r and r reports r to r a r nurse r that r has r 2
r month r old r infant r is rhungry r more r than r usually r but r has r projectile
r vomiting r immediately r after r eating. r Which rof rthe rfollowing rresponses
rshould rthe rnurse rmake?: rProjectile rvomiting rfollowed rby rhunger rare
rcharacteristic rof rpyloric rstenosis. rThe rinfant rneeds rto rbe rexamined rin rthe rclinic rby ra rprovider ras
rsoon ras rpossible.
9. what ris rthe rmost rreliable rindicator rof rfluid rloss rfor rfor rinfants
rand ryoung r children?: rbody rweight
10. A rnurse ris rcaring rfor ra rchild rwith rsuspected racute rappendicitis.
rWhich rof rthe rfollowing r manifestations r should r indicate r to r the r nurse
r that r the r child's r appendix r is r perforated?: r A rsudden rdecrease rin rabd rpain rshould
rindicate rto rthe rnurse rthat rthe rappendix rmight rbe rruptured. rIf rthe rappendix rruptures, rthe rpain rcan
rdisappear rfor ra rshort rperiod rand rthe rclient rmight rfeel rsuddenly rbetter. rHowever, ronce rperitonitis rsets
rin, rthe rpain rreturns rand rcan rspread rinto rthe rwhole rabdomen.
11. a rkid ringested rkerosene, rwhat's rthe rnurse's rpriority?: rUsing rthe
rairway, rbreathing, rcirculation rapproach rto rclient rcare, rthe rnurse rshould rprioritize rASSESSING
rRESP rRATE. rSmall ramounts rof rkerosene rcan renter rthe rlungs rand rdamage rthem rdirectly, rcausing ra
rsevere raspiration rpneumonia. rBecause rthe rpneumonia ris rcaused rby rchemical rirritation rrather rthan
rbacteria, rantibiotics raren't ruseful rfor rprevention ror rtreatment. rBreathing rbecomes rrapid rand
rgasping, rand rvomiting rand rpersistent rcoughing rcan rfollow. rIn rsevere rcases, rbrain rdamage rcan
roccur.
12. A r nurse r is r assessing r a r toddler r who r has r heart r failure.
3 r/
r18
QUESTIONS & RATIONALES
1. A r nurse r is r caring r for r an r 18-month-old r toddler r who r has r been
r hopitalized r for r10 rdays. rAfter rthe rtoddler's rmother rleaves rthe
rroom, rthe rnurse robserves rthe rtoddler rsitting rquietly rin rthe
rcorner rof rthe rcrib, rsucking rher rthumb. rWhen rthe rnurse
rapproaches rthe rcrib, rthe rtoddler rturns raway rform rthe rnurse.
rThe
1 r/
r18
,nurse r should r understand r that r these r behaviors r indicate r which r of
r the r following rdevelopmental rreactions?: ranxiety rreaction
2. how rdo ryou rprevent raspiration rfollowing ra rtonsillectomy: rWithhold
rfluids runtil rthe rclient rdemonstrates ra rgag rreflex.
rationale: rFollowing ra rtonsillectomy, rthe rclient's rgag rreflex rcan rbe rsuppressed rby rlocal ranesthetics ror
redema. rTo rprevent raspiration, rthe rgag rreflex rmust rbe rpresent rbefore rthe rclient ris rallowed rhave rfluids
FREQUENT rSWALLOWING rCOULD rINDICATE rA rBLEED. rdo rnot rgargle, rcough, ror rdrink rthrough ra rstraw r(a
rcan rcause rbleeding)
3. what rcan ra r12 rmonth rold rtoddler rplay rwith: rlarge rbuilding rblocks
4. A r nurse r is r providing r discharge r teaching r about r nutrition r to r the
r parents r of r a r child r who r has r CF. r Which r of r the r following r responses
r by r the r parents r indicates r an runderstanding rof rthe rteaching?: rwe rwill rgive
rour rchild rpancreatic renzymes rwith rsnacks/meals
rationale: rCF rinterferes rwith rthe ravailability rof rpancreatic renzymes rnecessary rfor rdigestion rand
rabsorption rof rnutrients. rTherefore, rpancreatic renzymes rmust rbe rtaken rwith rall rmeals rand rsnacks.
you rshould ralso rincrease rtheir rfat, rprotein, rand rcaloric rintake
CF rFUN rFACT: rChildren rwho rhave rcystic rfibrosis rmetabolize rantibiotics rmore rrapidly rand rrequire
rhigher rdoses rof rantibiotics rto rhelp rfight raggressive rinfections rsuch ras rBurkholderia rcepacia.
5. A r nurse r is r caring r for r a r 4 r year-old r child r who r is r newly
r diagnosed r with r diabetes rmellitus r and r is r distressed r after r his
r insulin r injection. r Which r of r the r following r should rthe rnurse ruse rto
rhelp rthe rchild rdeal rwith rthis rinjection?: rA rneedle-less rsyringe rand ra rdoll. rA
rneedle-less rsyringe rand ra rdoll rallow rthe rchild rto ract rout rfeelings rof ranger rand rhelplessness rabout
rgetting rshots.
6. A r nurse r is r planning r care r for r an r adolescent r who r is
r postoperative r following rscoliosis rrepair rwith rHarrington rrod
rinstrumentation rwhich rof rthe rfollowing
2 r/
r18
, intervention rshould rthe rnurse rinclude rin rthe rplan rof rcare?: r- rlog rroll rthe
rclient revery r2 rhr rto rpromote rrespiratory rstatus.
-use ra rPCA rpump rfor rpain rcontrol
-maintain rthe rclient rin ra rsupine rposition rto rprevent rbending rof rthe rspine
7. A rnurse ris rassessing ra rtoddler rat ra rwell-child rvisit. rAt rwhat rpoint
rin rthe rphysical rexamination rshould rthe rnurse rexamine rthe rchild's
rtympanic rmembrane?: rat rthe rend
When rexamining ra rtoddler, rthe rnurse rshould rfollow ra rmodified rhead-to-toe rapproach, rstarting rat rthe
rhead rbut rdeferring ranything rthat rthe rtoddler ris rlikely rto rview ras rinvasive rand rtraumatic rto rthe rvery
rend. rThe rtoddler ris rlikely rto rresist rnot ronly rhaving rthe rears rexamined, rbut ralso ranything rthat rfollows.
8. A r parent r calls r a r clinic r and r reports r to r a r nurse r that r has r 2
r month r old r infant r is rhungry r more r than r usually r but r has r projectile
r vomiting r immediately r after r eating. r Which rof rthe rfollowing rresponses
rshould rthe rnurse rmake?: rProjectile rvomiting rfollowed rby rhunger rare
rcharacteristic rof rpyloric rstenosis. rThe rinfant rneeds rto rbe rexamined rin rthe rclinic rby ra rprovider ras
rsoon ras rpossible.
9. what ris rthe rmost rreliable rindicator rof rfluid rloss rfor rfor rinfants
rand ryoung r children?: rbody rweight
10. A rnurse ris rcaring rfor ra rchild rwith rsuspected racute rappendicitis.
rWhich rof rthe rfollowing r manifestations r should r indicate r to r the r nurse
r that r the r child's r appendix r is r perforated?: r A rsudden rdecrease rin rabd rpain rshould
rindicate rto rthe rnurse rthat rthe rappendix rmight rbe rruptured. rIf rthe rappendix rruptures, rthe rpain rcan
rdisappear rfor ra rshort rperiod rand rthe rclient rmight rfeel rsuddenly rbetter. rHowever, ronce rperitonitis rsets
rin, rthe rpain rreturns rand rcan rspread rinto rthe rwhole rabdomen.
11. a rkid ringested rkerosene, rwhat's rthe rnurse's rpriority?: rUsing rthe
rairway, rbreathing, rcirculation rapproach rto rclient rcare, rthe rnurse rshould rprioritize rASSESSING
rRESP rRATE. rSmall ramounts rof rkerosene rcan renter rthe rlungs rand rdamage rthem rdirectly, rcausing ra
rsevere raspiration rpneumonia. rBecause rthe rpneumonia ris rcaused rby rchemical rirritation rrather rthan
rbacteria, rantibiotics raren't ruseful rfor rprevention ror rtreatment. rBreathing rbecomes rrapid rand
rgasping, rand rvomiting rand rpersistent rcoughing rcan rfollow. rIn rsevere rcases, rbrain rdamage rcan
roccur.
12. A r nurse r is r assessing r a r toddler r who r has r heart r failure.
3 r/
r18
