TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited a traits aare a affected aby agenes.
• Genes a are a composed a of a the a chemical a deoxyribonucleic a acid a (DNA).
• DNA areplicates a to a form a (usually a identical) a copies a of a itself.
• DNA acontains aa acode aspecifying awhat atypes aof aenzymes aand aother aproteins
aare amade ain acells.
• DNA aoccasionally amutates, a and athe amutant aforms aspecify aaltered aproteins.
• A amutant aenzyme ais aan a"inborn aerror aof ametabolism" athat ablocks aone astep
ain aa abio- achemical apathway afor athe ametabolism aof asmall amolecules.
• Traits aare aaffected aby aenvironment aas awell aas aby agenes.
• Organisms achange agenetically athrough agenerations ain athe aprocess aof
abiological aevolution.
• Because aof atheir acomm.on adescent, aorganisms ashare amany afeatures aof atheir agenetics
and abiochemistry.
Key aTerms
1. complementary abase apairing
2. antiparallel
3. central adogma
4. transcri a tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer a RNA a (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic aeffect aor apleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts ain a Action
1.1. (a) afalse; a(b) atrue; a(c) atrue; a(d) afalse.
1.2. The aimportance aof athe anucleus ain ainheritance awas aimplied aby aits aprominence
ain afer- atilization. aThe adiscovery aof achromosomes ainside athe anucleus, atheir
abehavior aduring acell adivision, aand athe aobservation athat aeach aspecies ahas aa
acharacteristic achromosome anumber amade ait alikely athat achromosomes awere athe
acarriers aof athe agenes. aMicro- ascopic a studies a showed a that a DNA a and
a proteins a are a both a present a in a chromosomes, abut awhereas anearly aall acells aof
aa agiven aspecies acontain aa a constant aamount aof aDNA, athe aamount aand akinds
a of aproteins adiffer agreatly ain adifferent acell atypes.
C a2006 aby aJones aand aBartlett aPublishers
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited a traits aare a affected aby agenes.
• Genes a are a composed a of a the a chemical a deoxyribonucleic a acid a (DNA).
• DNA areplicates a to a form a (usually a identical) a copies a of a itself.
• DNA acontains aa acode aspecifying awhat atypes aof aenzymes aand aother aproteins
aare amade ain acells.
• DNA aoccasionally amutates, a and athe amutant aforms aspecify aaltered aproteins.
• A amutant aenzyme ais aan a"inborn aerror aof ametabolism" athat ablocks aone astep
ain aa abio- achemical apathway afor athe ametabolism aof asmall amolecules.
• Traits aare aaffected aby aenvironment aas awell aas aby agenes.
• Organisms achange agenetically athrough agenerations ain athe aprocess aof
abiological aevolution.
• Because aof atheir acomm.on adescent, aorganisms ashare amany afeatures aof atheir agenetics
and abiochemistry.
Key aTerms
1. complementary abase apairing
2. antiparallel
3. central adogma
4. transcri a tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer a RNA a (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic aeffect aor apleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts ain a Action
1.1. (a) afalse; a(b) atrue; a(c) atrue; a(d) afalse.
1.2. The aimportance aof athe anucleus ain ainheritance awas aimplied aby aits aprominence
ain afer- atilization. aThe adiscovery aof achromosomes ainside athe anucleus, atheir
abehavior aduring acell adivision, aand athe aobservation athat aeach aspecies ahas aa
acharacteristic achromosome anumber amade ait alikely athat achromosomes awere athe
acarriers aof athe agenes. aMicro- ascopic a studies a showed a that a DNA a and
a proteins a are a both a present a in a chromosomes, abut awhereas anearly aall acells aof
aa agiven aspecies acontain aa a constant aamount aof aDNA, athe aamount aand akinds
a of aproteins adiffer agreatly ain adifferent acell atypes.
C a2006 aby aJones aand aBartlett aPublishers
