TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited d traits dare d affected dby dgenes.
• Genes d are d composed d of d the d chemical d deoxyribonucleic d acid d (DNA).
• DNA dreplicates d to d form d (usually d identical) d copies d of d itself.
• DNA dcontains da dcode dspecifying dwhat dtypes dof denzymes dand dother dproteins
dare dmade din dcells.
• DNA doccasionally dmutates, d and dthe dmutant dforms dspecify daltered dproteins.
• A dmutant denzyme dis dan d"inborn derror dof dmetabolism" dthat dblocks done dstep
din da dbio- dchemical dpathway dfor dthe dmetabolism dof dsmall dmolecules.
• Traits dare daffected dby d environment das dwell das dby dgenes.
• Organisms dchange dgenetically dthrough dgenerations din dthe dprocess dof
dbiological devolution.
• Because dof dtheir dcomm.on ddescent, dorganisms dshare dmany dfeatures dof dtheir dgenetics
and dbiochemistry.
Key dTerms
1. complementary dbase dpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central ddogma
4. transcri d tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer d RNA d (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic deffect dor dpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts din d Action
1.1. (a) dfalse; d(b) dtrue; d(c) dtrue; d(d) dfalse.
1.2. The dimportance dof dthe dnucleus din dinheritance dwas dimplied dby dits
dprominence din dfer- dtilization. dThe ddiscovery dof dchromosomes dinside dthe
dnucleus, dtheir dbehavior dduring dcell ddivision, dand dthe dobservation dthat deach
dspecies dhas da dcharacteristic dchromosome dnumber dmade dit dlikely dthat
dchromosomes dwere dthe dcarriers dof dthe dgenes. dMicro- dscopic d studies
d showed d that d DNA d and d proteins d are d both d present d in d chromosomes, dbut
dwhereas dnearly dall dcells dof da dgiven dspecies dcontain da d constant damount dof
dDNA, dthe damount dand dkinds d of dproteins ddiffer dgreatly din ddifferent dcell
dtypes.
C d2006 dby dJones dand dBartlett dPublishers
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
and Genomes
Key Concepts
• Inherited d traits dare d affected dby dgenes.
• Genes d are d composed d of d the d chemical d deoxyribonucleic d acid d (DNA).
• DNA dreplicates d to d form d (usually d identical) d copies d of d itself.
• DNA dcontains da dcode dspecifying dwhat dtypes dof denzymes dand dother dproteins
dare dmade din dcells.
• DNA doccasionally dmutates, d and dthe dmutant dforms dspecify daltered dproteins.
• A dmutant denzyme dis dan d"inborn derror dof dmetabolism" dthat dblocks done dstep
din da dbio- dchemical dpathway dfor dthe dmetabolism dof dsmall dmolecules.
• Traits dare daffected dby d environment das dwell das dby dgenes.
• Organisms dchange dgenetically dthrough dgenerations din dthe dprocess dof
dbiological devolution.
• Because dof dtheir dcomm.on ddescent, dorganisms dshare dmany dfeatures dof dtheir dgenetics
and dbiochemistry.
Key dTerms
1. complementary dbase dpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central ddogma
4. transcri d tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer d RNA d (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic deffect dor dpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts din d Action
1.1. (a) dfalse; d(b) dtrue; d(c) dtrue; d(d) dfalse.
1.2. The dimportance dof dthe dnucleus din dinheritance dwas dimplied dby dits
dprominence din dfer- dtilization. dThe ddiscovery dof dchromosomes dinside dthe
dnucleus, dtheir dbehavior dduring dcell ddivision, dand dthe dobservation dthat deach
dspecies dhas da dcharacteristic dchromosome dnumber dmade dit dlikely dthat
dchromosomes dwere dthe dcarriers dof dthe dgenes. dMicro- dscopic d studies
d showed d that d DNA d and d proteins d are d both d present d in d chromosomes, dbut
dwhereas dnearly dall dcells dof da dgiven dspecies dcontain da d constant damount dof
dDNA, dthe damount dand dkinds d of dproteins ddiffer dgreatly din ddifferent dcell
dtypes.
C d2006 dby dJones dand dBartlett dPublishers
