Test Bank For Pathophysiology 9th Edition McCance The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers
TEST BANK
,Chapter 5x01: 5xCellular 5xBiology
McCance/Huether: 5xPathophysiology: 5xThe 5xBiologic 5xBasis 5xof 5xDisease 5xin 5xAdults 5xand 5xChildren, 5x9th 5xEdition
MULTIPLE 5xCHOICE
1. Which 5xstatement 5xbest 5xdescribes 5xthe 5xcellular 5xfunction 5xof 5xmetabolic 5xabsorption?
a. Cells 5xcan 5xproduce 5xproteins.
b. Cells 5xcan 5xsecrete 5xdigestive 5xenzymes.
c. Cells 5xcan 5xtake 5xin 5xand 5xuse 5xnutrients.
d. Cells 5xcan 5xsynthesize 5xfats.
ANS: 5 x C
In 5xmetabolic 5xabsorption, 5xall 5xcells 5xtake 5xin 5xand 5xuse 5xnutrients 5xand 5xother 5xsubstances 5xfrom
5xtheir 5xsurroundings. 5xThe 5xremaining 5xoptions 5xare 5xnot 5xinclusive 5xin 5xtheir 5xdescriptions
5xof 5xcellular 5xmetabolic 5xabsorption.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
2. Where 5xis 5xmost 5xof 5xa 5xcell’s 5xgenetic 5xinformation, 5xincluding 5xRNA 5xand 5xDNA, 5xcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: 5 x C
The 5xnucleus 5xcontains 5xthe 5xnucleolus, 5xa 5xsmall 5xdense 5xstructure 5xcomposed 5xlargely 5xof
5xRNA, 5xmost 5xof 5xthe 5xcellular 5xDNA, 5xand 5xthe 5xDNA-binding 5xproteins, 5xsuch 5xas 5xthe
5xhistones, 5xwhich 5xregulate 5xits 5xactivity. 5xThe 5xmitochondria 5xare 5xresponsible 5xfor
5xcellular 5xrespiration 5xand 5xenergy 5xproduction.
Ribosomes’ 5xchief 5xfunction 5xis 5xto 5xprovide 5xsites 5xfor 5xcellular 5xprotein 5xsynthesis.
5xLysosomes 5xfunction 5xas 5xthe 5xintracellular 5xdigestive 5xsystem.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
3. Which 5xcomponent 5xof 5xthe 5xcell 5xproduces 5xhydrogen 5xperoxide 5x(H2O2) 5xby5xusing 5xoxygen
to 5xremove 5xhydrogen 5xatoms 5xfrom 5xspecific 5xsubstrates 5xin 5xan 5xoxidative 5xreaction?
5x
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: 5 x B
Peroxisomes 5xare 5xso 5xnamed 5xbecause 5xthey 5xusually 5xcontain 5xenzymes 5xthat 5xuse 5xoxygen
5xto 5xremove 5xhydrogen 5xatoms 5xfrom 5xspecific 5xsubstrates 5xin 5xan 5xoxidative 5xreaction 5xthat
5xproduces 5xH2O2, 5xwhich 5xis 5xa 5xpowerful 5xoxidant 5xand 5xpotentially 5xdestructive 5xif 5xit
5xaccumulates 5xor 5xescapes 5xfrom 5xperoxisomes. 5xRibosomes 5xare 5xRNA-protein 5xcomplexes
5x(nucleoproteins) 5xthat 5xare 5xsynthesized 5xin 5xthe 5xnucleolus 5xand 5xsecreted 5xinto 5xthe
5xcytoplasm 5xthrough 5xpores 5xin 5xthe 5xnuclear 5xenvelope 5xcalled 5xnuclear 5xpore 5xcomplexes.
5xLysosomes 5xare 5xsaclike 5xstructures 5xthat 5xoriginate 5xfrom 5xthe 5xGolgi 5xcomplex 5xand
5xcontain 5xmore 5xthan 5x40 5xdigestive 5xenzymes 5xcalled 5xhydrolases, 5xwhich 5xcatalyze 5xbonds
5xin 5xproteins, 5xlipids, 5xnucleic 5xacids, 5xand 5xcarbohydrates. 5xAn 5xendosome 5xis 5xa 5xvesical
5xthat 5xhas 5xbeen 5xpinched 5xoff 5xfrom 5xthe 5xcellular 5xmembrane.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
4. Which 5xcell 5xcomponent 5xis 5xcapable 5xof 5xcellular 5xautodigestion 5xwhen 5xit 5xis 5xreleased
during 5xcell 5xinjury?
5x
, a. Ribosome
b. Golgi 5xcomplex
c. Smooth 5xendoplasmic 5xreticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: 5 x D
The 5xlysosomal 5xmembrane 5xacts 5xas 5xa 5xprotective 5xshield 5xbetween 5xthe 5xpowerful 5xdigestive
5xenzymes 5xwithin 5xthe 5xlysosome 5xand 5xthe 5xcytoplasm, 5xpreventing 5xtheir 5xleakage 5xinto 5xthe
5xcytoplasmic 5xmatrix. 5xDisruption 5xof 5xthe 5xmembrane 5xby 5xvarious 5xtreatments 5xor 5xcellular
5xinjury 5xleads 5xto 5xa 5xrelease 5xof 5xthe 5xlysosomal 5xenzymes, 5xwhich 5xcan 5xthen 5xreact 5xwith
5xtheir 5xspecific 5xsubstrates, 5xcausing 5xcellular
self-digestion. 5xThe 5xchief 5xfunction 5xof 5xa 5xribosome 5xis 5xto 5xprovide 5xsites 5xfor 5xcellular
5xprotein 5xsynthesis. 5xThe 5xGolgi 5xcomplex 5xis 5xa 5xnetwork 5xof 5xflattened, 5xsmooth 5xvesicles 5xand
5xmembranes 5xoften 5xlocated 5xnear 5xthe 5xcell 5xnucleus. 5xThe 5xsmooth 5xendoplasmic 5xreticulum
5xis 5xinvolved 5xin 5xsteroid 5xhormone 5xproduction 5xand 5xremoving 5xtoxic 5xsubstances 5xfrom
5xthe 5xcell.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
5. Which 5xcAMP-mediated 5xresponse 5xis 5xrelated 5xto 5xantidiuretic 5xhormone?
a. Increased 5xheart 5xrate 5xand 5xforce 5xof 5xcontraction
b. Secretion 5xof 5xcortisol
c. Increased 5xretention 5xof 5xwater
d. Breakdown 5xof 5xfat
ANS: 5 x C
Antidiuretic 5xhormone 5xleads 5xto 5xincreased 5xretention 5xof 5xwater 5xin 5xthe 5xbody.
5xEpinephrine 5xcauses 5xincreases 5xin 5xheart 5xrate 5xand 5xforce 5xof 5xcontraction. 5xIncreased
5xcortisol 5xsecretion 5xis 5xdue 5xto 5xACTH. 5xBreakdown 5xof 5xfat 5xis 5xdue 5xto 5xglucagon.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
6. During 5xwhich 5xphase 5xof 5xthe 5xcell 5xcycle 5xis 5xDNA 5xsynthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: 5 x B
The 5xfour 5xdesignated 5xphases 5xof 5xthe 5xcell 5xcycle 5xare: 5x(1) 5xthe 5xG1 5xphase 5x(G 5x= 5xgap),
5xwhich 5xis 5xthe 5xperiod 5xbetween 5xthe 5xM 5xphase 5x(M 5x= 5xmitosis) 5xand 5xthe 5xstart 5xof 5xDNA
5xsynthesis; 5x(2) 5xthe 5xS 5xphase 5x(S
= 5xsynthesis), 5xduring 5xwhich 5xDNA 5xis 5xsynthesized 5xin 5xthe 5xcell 5xnucleus; 5x(3) 5xthe 5xG2
5 x phase, 5xduring 5xwhich 5xRNA 5xand 5xprotein 5xsynthesis 5xoccurs, 5xthe 5xperiod 5xbetween 5xthe
5xcompletion 5xof 5xDNA 5xsynthesis 5xand 5xthe 5xnext 5xphase 5x(M); 5xand 5x(4) 5xthe 5xM 5xphase,
5xwhich 5xincludes 5xnuclear 5xand 5xcytoplasmic 5xdivision.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
7. What 5xorganic 5xcompound 5xfacilitates 5xtransportation 5xacross 5xcell 5xmembranes 5xby
acting 5xas 5xreceptors, 5xtransport 5xchannels 5xfor 5xelectrolytes, 5xand 5xenzymes 5xto
5x
drive 5xactive 5xpumps?
5x
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: 5 x C
Proteins 5xhave 5xseveral 5xfunctions, 5xincluding 5xacting 5xas 5xreceptors, 5xtransport 5xchannels
, 5xfor 5xelectrolytes, 5xand 5xenzymes 5xto 5xdrive 5xactive 5xpumps 5xLipids 5xhelp 5xact 5xas 5xthe
5x“glue” 5xholding 5xcell 5xmembranes 5xtogether. 5xProteases 5xcause 5xthe 5xbreakdown 5xof 5xprotein.
5xCarbohydrates 5xare 5xinvolved 5xin 5xcellular 5xprotection 5xand 5xlubrication 5xand 5xhelp 5xproduce
5xenergy 5xvia 5xoxidative 5xphosphorylation.
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children By Julia Rogers
TEST BANK
,Chapter 5x01: 5xCellular 5xBiology
McCance/Huether: 5xPathophysiology: 5xThe 5xBiologic 5xBasis 5xof 5xDisease 5xin 5xAdults 5xand 5xChildren, 5x9th 5xEdition
MULTIPLE 5xCHOICE
1. Which 5xstatement 5xbest 5xdescribes 5xthe 5xcellular 5xfunction 5xof 5xmetabolic 5xabsorption?
a. Cells 5xcan 5xproduce 5xproteins.
b. Cells 5xcan 5xsecrete 5xdigestive 5xenzymes.
c. Cells 5xcan 5xtake 5xin 5xand 5xuse 5xnutrients.
d. Cells 5xcan 5xsynthesize 5xfats.
ANS: 5 x C
In 5xmetabolic 5xabsorption, 5xall 5xcells 5xtake 5xin 5xand 5xuse 5xnutrients 5xand 5xother 5xsubstances 5xfrom
5xtheir 5xsurroundings. 5xThe 5xremaining 5xoptions 5xare 5xnot 5xinclusive 5xin 5xtheir 5xdescriptions
5xof 5xcellular 5xmetabolic 5xabsorption.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
2. Where 5xis 5xmost 5xof 5xa 5xcell’s 5xgenetic 5xinformation, 5xincluding 5xRNA 5xand 5xDNA, 5xcontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: 5 x C
The 5xnucleus 5xcontains 5xthe 5xnucleolus, 5xa 5xsmall 5xdense 5xstructure 5xcomposed 5xlargely 5xof
5xRNA, 5xmost 5xof 5xthe 5xcellular 5xDNA, 5xand 5xthe 5xDNA-binding 5xproteins, 5xsuch 5xas 5xthe
5xhistones, 5xwhich 5xregulate 5xits 5xactivity. 5xThe 5xmitochondria 5xare 5xresponsible 5xfor
5xcellular 5xrespiration 5xand 5xenergy 5xproduction.
Ribosomes’ 5xchief 5xfunction 5xis 5xto 5xprovide 5xsites 5xfor 5xcellular 5xprotein 5xsynthesis.
5xLysosomes 5xfunction 5xas 5xthe 5xintracellular 5xdigestive 5xsystem.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
3. Which 5xcomponent 5xof 5xthe 5xcell 5xproduces 5xhydrogen 5xperoxide 5x(H2O2) 5xby5xusing 5xoxygen
to 5xremove 5xhydrogen 5xatoms 5xfrom 5xspecific 5xsubstrates 5xin 5xan 5xoxidative 5xreaction?
5x
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: 5 x B
Peroxisomes 5xare 5xso 5xnamed 5xbecause 5xthey 5xusually 5xcontain 5xenzymes 5xthat 5xuse 5xoxygen
5xto 5xremove 5xhydrogen 5xatoms 5xfrom 5xspecific 5xsubstrates 5xin 5xan 5xoxidative 5xreaction 5xthat
5xproduces 5xH2O2, 5xwhich 5xis 5xa 5xpowerful 5xoxidant 5xand 5xpotentially 5xdestructive 5xif 5xit
5xaccumulates 5xor 5xescapes 5xfrom 5xperoxisomes. 5xRibosomes 5xare 5xRNA-protein 5xcomplexes
5x(nucleoproteins) 5xthat 5xare 5xsynthesized 5xin 5xthe 5xnucleolus 5xand 5xsecreted 5xinto 5xthe
5xcytoplasm 5xthrough 5xpores 5xin 5xthe 5xnuclear 5xenvelope 5xcalled 5xnuclear 5xpore 5xcomplexes.
5xLysosomes 5xare 5xsaclike 5xstructures 5xthat 5xoriginate 5xfrom 5xthe 5xGolgi 5xcomplex 5xand
5xcontain 5xmore 5xthan 5x40 5xdigestive 5xenzymes 5xcalled 5xhydrolases, 5xwhich 5xcatalyze 5xbonds
5xin 5xproteins, 5xlipids, 5xnucleic 5xacids, 5xand 5xcarbohydrates. 5xAn 5xendosome 5xis 5xa 5xvesical
5xthat 5xhas 5xbeen 5xpinched 5xoff 5xfrom 5xthe 5xcellular 5xmembrane.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
4. Which 5xcell 5xcomponent 5xis 5xcapable 5xof 5xcellular 5xautodigestion 5xwhen 5xit 5xis 5xreleased
during 5xcell 5xinjury?
5x
, a. Ribosome
b. Golgi 5xcomplex
c. Smooth 5xendoplasmic 5xreticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: 5 x D
The 5xlysosomal 5xmembrane 5xacts 5xas 5xa 5xprotective 5xshield 5xbetween 5xthe 5xpowerful 5xdigestive
5xenzymes 5xwithin 5xthe 5xlysosome 5xand 5xthe 5xcytoplasm, 5xpreventing 5xtheir 5xleakage 5xinto 5xthe
5xcytoplasmic 5xmatrix. 5xDisruption 5xof 5xthe 5xmembrane 5xby 5xvarious 5xtreatments 5xor 5xcellular
5xinjury 5xleads 5xto 5xa 5xrelease 5xof 5xthe 5xlysosomal 5xenzymes, 5xwhich 5xcan 5xthen 5xreact 5xwith
5xtheir 5xspecific 5xsubstrates, 5xcausing 5xcellular
self-digestion. 5xThe 5xchief 5xfunction 5xof 5xa 5xribosome 5xis 5xto 5xprovide 5xsites 5xfor 5xcellular
5xprotein 5xsynthesis. 5xThe 5xGolgi 5xcomplex 5xis 5xa 5xnetwork 5xof 5xflattened, 5xsmooth 5xvesicles 5xand
5xmembranes 5xoften 5xlocated 5xnear 5xthe 5xcell 5xnucleus. 5xThe 5xsmooth 5xendoplasmic 5xreticulum
5xis 5xinvolved 5xin 5xsteroid 5xhormone 5xproduction 5xand 5xremoving 5xtoxic 5xsubstances 5xfrom
5xthe 5xcell.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
5. Which 5xcAMP-mediated 5xresponse 5xis 5xrelated 5xto 5xantidiuretic 5xhormone?
a. Increased 5xheart 5xrate 5xand 5xforce 5xof 5xcontraction
b. Secretion 5xof 5xcortisol
c. Increased 5xretention 5xof 5xwater
d. Breakdown 5xof 5xfat
ANS: 5 x C
Antidiuretic 5xhormone 5xleads 5xto 5xincreased 5xretention 5xof 5xwater 5xin 5xthe 5xbody.
5xEpinephrine 5xcauses 5xincreases 5xin 5xheart 5xrate 5xand 5xforce 5xof 5xcontraction. 5xIncreased
5xcortisol 5xsecretion 5xis 5xdue 5xto 5xACTH. 5xBreakdown 5xof 5xfat 5xis 5xdue 5xto 5xglucagon.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: 5 x Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
6. During 5xwhich 5xphase 5xof 5xthe 5xcell 5xcycle 5xis 5xDNA 5xsynthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: 5 x B
The 5xfour 5xdesignated 5xphases 5xof 5xthe 5xcell 5xcycle 5xare: 5x(1) 5xthe 5xG1 5xphase 5x(G 5x= 5xgap),
5xwhich 5xis 5xthe 5xperiod 5xbetween 5xthe 5xM 5xphase 5x(M 5x= 5xmitosis) 5xand 5xthe 5xstart 5xof 5xDNA
5xsynthesis; 5x(2) 5xthe 5xS 5xphase 5x(S
= 5xsynthesis), 5xduring 5xwhich 5xDNA 5xis 5xsynthesized 5xin 5xthe 5xcell 5xnucleus; 5x(3) 5xthe 5xG2
5 x phase, 5xduring 5xwhich 5xRNA 5xand 5xprotein 5xsynthesis 5xoccurs, 5xthe 5xperiod 5xbetween 5xthe
5xcompletion 5xof 5xDNA 5xsynthesis 5xand 5xthe 5xnext 5xphase 5x(M); 5xand 5x(4) 5xthe 5xM 5xphase,
5xwhich 5xincludes 5xnuclear 5xand 5xcytoplasmic 5xdivision.
PTS: 5x 5x 1 DIF: Cognitive 5xLevel: 5xRemembering
7. What 5xorganic 5xcompound 5xfacilitates 5xtransportation 5xacross 5xcell 5xmembranes 5xby
acting 5xas 5xreceptors, 5xtransport 5xchannels 5xfor 5xelectrolytes, 5xand 5xenzymes 5xto
5x
drive 5xactive 5xpumps?
5x
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: 5 x C
Proteins 5xhave 5xseveral 5xfunctions, 5xincluding 5xacting 5xas 5xreceptors, 5xtransport 5xchannels
, 5xfor 5xelectrolytes, 5xand 5xenzymes 5xto 5xdrive 5xactive 5xpumps 5xLipids 5xhelp 5xact 5xas 5xthe
5x“glue” 5xholding 5xcell 5xmembranes 5xtogether. 5xProteases 5xcause 5xthe 5xbreakdown 5xof 5xprotein.
5xCarbohydrates 5xare 5xinvolved 5xin 5xcellular 5xprotection 5xand 5xlubrication 5xand 5xhelp 5xproduce
5xenergy 5xvia 5xoxidative 5xphosphorylation.
