PSY 300 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
One of the advantages of naturalistic research is its - ✔✔high ecological validity
Research that is conducted in situations that are similar to the everyday life experiences of the
participants is said to have - ✔✔ecological validity.
Event sampling, individual sampling, and time sampling are all used in
systematic observation.
behavioral categorization.
case studies.
archival research - ✔✔systematic observation.
In a study involving altruism in restaurants, Elena focused only on the helping behaviors that
each restaurant employee demonstrated (and not on any other types of behaviors). This is an
example of which of the following?
Event sampling
Time sampling
Individual sampling
Snowball sampling - ✔✔Event sampling
Which of the following research approaches is most likely to have ethical problems?
The acknowledged participant
The case study
The acknowledged observer
The unacknowledged observer - ✔✔The unacknowledged observer
Case studies are frequently based on a descriptive record of
a large group who have normal experiences.
, a large group who have abnormal experiences.
one or two individuals who have normal experiences.
one or two individuals who have abnormal experiences. - ✔✔one or two individuals who have
abnormal experiences.
A Type 2 error occurs when
a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is false.
a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is true.
a researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is false.
a researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is true. - ✔✔a researcher fails to reject the null
hypothesis when it is false
Which of the following is true regarding Type 2 errors?
They are less likely to occur when alpha is smaller.
They increase as N increases.
They are generally of less concern to scientists than are Type 1 errors.
They can be modified to show statistical significance. - ✔✔They are generally of less concern to
scientists than are Type 1 errors.
Which of the following is true about the p-value?
It indicates how many observations have been made.
It indicates whether the result is likely to have occurred by chance.
It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 1 error.
It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 2 error. - ✔✔It indicates whether the result is
likely to have occurred by chance.
Which of the following is an example of inferential statistics?
William uses a small sample of depressed people to predict mood changes in a large population
of depressed people.
CORRECT ANSWERS
One of the advantages of naturalistic research is its - ✔✔high ecological validity
Research that is conducted in situations that are similar to the everyday life experiences of the
participants is said to have - ✔✔ecological validity.
Event sampling, individual sampling, and time sampling are all used in
systematic observation.
behavioral categorization.
case studies.
archival research - ✔✔systematic observation.
In a study involving altruism in restaurants, Elena focused only on the helping behaviors that
each restaurant employee demonstrated (and not on any other types of behaviors). This is an
example of which of the following?
Event sampling
Time sampling
Individual sampling
Snowball sampling - ✔✔Event sampling
Which of the following research approaches is most likely to have ethical problems?
The acknowledged participant
The case study
The acknowledged observer
The unacknowledged observer - ✔✔The unacknowledged observer
Case studies are frequently based on a descriptive record of
a large group who have normal experiences.
, a large group who have abnormal experiences.
one or two individuals who have normal experiences.
one or two individuals who have abnormal experiences. - ✔✔one or two individuals who have
abnormal experiences.
A Type 2 error occurs when
a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is false.
a researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is true.
a researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is false.
a researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is true. - ✔✔a researcher fails to reject the null
hypothesis when it is false
Which of the following is true regarding Type 2 errors?
They are less likely to occur when alpha is smaller.
They increase as N increases.
They are generally of less concern to scientists than are Type 1 errors.
They can be modified to show statistical significance. - ✔✔They are generally of less concern to
scientists than are Type 1 errors.
Which of the following is true about the p-value?
It indicates how many observations have been made.
It indicates whether the result is likely to have occurred by chance.
It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 1 error.
It indicates the likelihood of having made a Type 2 error. - ✔✔It indicates whether the result is
likely to have occurred by chance.
Which of the following is an example of inferential statistics?
William uses a small sample of depressed people to predict mood changes in a large population
of depressed people.
