HESI PN Med-Surg Exam 2025 – Study Guide with
Questions & Answers
Topic 1: Respiratory Disorders
Q1. A client with COPD is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. Which assessment
finding requires immediate intervention?
a) O2 saturation 90%
b) Productive cough with white sputum
c) Increased drowsiness and confusion Answer
d) Clubbing of fingers
Q2. The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client with asthma who uses an inhaler. Which
instruction is most important?
a) "Rinse your mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler." Answer
b) "Always use your inhaler only when symptoms appear."
c) "Do not shake the inhaler before use."
d) "Inhale quickly and hold your breath for 2 seconds."
Topic 2: Cardiovascular Disorders
Q3. A client with heart failure reports sudden weight gain of 3 lbs in 24 hours. What is the
nurse’s best response?
,a) Encourage more fluid intake
b) Notify the healthcare provider Answer
c) Document and recheck in 2 days
d) Administer an antipyretic
Q4. Which dietary choice is most appropriate for a client with hypertension?
a) Ham and cheese sandwich
b) Grilled chicken with steamed broccoli Answer
c) Canned soup with crackers
d) Bacon and eggs
Topic 3: Gastrointestinal Disorders
Q5. A client with cirrhosis has ascites. Which nursing intervention is priority?
a) Measure abdominal girth daily Answer
b) Encourage high-protein diet
c) Restrict fluids to 3,000 mL/day
d) Place the client in supine position
Q6. After a colonoscopy, which finding should the nurse report immediately?
a) Mild abdominal cramping
b) Small amount of gas
, c) Bright red rectal bleeding Answer
d) Sleepiness from sedation
Topic 4: Endocrine Disorders
Q7. A diabetic client is pale, shaky, and sweating. What is the priority nursing action?
a) Administer 1 mg glucagon IM
b) Provide 4 oz of orange juice Answer
c) Recheck blood glucose in 30 minutes
d) Call the healthcare provider
Q8. Which statement by a client with hypothyroidism indicates effective teaching?
a) "I should stop taking my levothyroxine if I feel better."
b) "I need to take my thyroid medication every morning." Answer
c) "I can take my thyroid medication with calcium supplements."
d) "I only need my thyroid hormone replacement for 6 months."
Topic 5: Renal Disorders
Q9. A client with chronic kidney disease is on hemodialysis. Which lab value should the nurse
expect to be elevated?
a) Calcium
b) Potassium Answer
Questions & Answers
Topic 1: Respiratory Disorders
Q1. A client with COPD is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. Which assessment
finding requires immediate intervention?
a) O2 saturation 90%
b) Productive cough with white sputum
c) Increased drowsiness and confusion Answer
d) Clubbing of fingers
Q2. The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client with asthma who uses an inhaler. Which
instruction is most important?
a) "Rinse your mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler." Answer
b) "Always use your inhaler only when symptoms appear."
c) "Do not shake the inhaler before use."
d) "Inhale quickly and hold your breath for 2 seconds."
Topic 2: Cardiovascular Disorders
Q3. A client with heart failure reports sudden weight gain of 3 lbs in 24 hours. What is the
nurse’s best response?
,a) Encourage more fluid intake
b) Notify the healthcare provider Answer
c) Document and recheck in 2 days
d) Administer an antipyretic
Q4. Which dietary choice is most appropriate for a client with hypertension?
a) Ham and cheese sandwich
b) Grilled chicken with steamed broccoli Answer
c) Canned soup with crackers
d) Bacon and eggs
Topic 3: Gastrointestinal Disorders
Q5. A client with cirrhosis has ascites. Which nursing intervention is priority?
a) Measure abdominal girth daily Answer
b) Encourage high-protein diet
c) Restrict fluids to 3,000 mL/day
d) Place the client in supine position
Q6. After a colonoscopy, which finding should the nurse report immediately?
a) Mild abdominal cramping
b) Small amount of gas
, c) Bright red rectal bleeding Answer
d) Sleepiness from sedation
Topic 4: Endocrine Disorders
Q7. A diabetic client is pale, shaky, and sweating. What is the priority nursing action?
a) Administer 1 mg glucagon IM
b) Provide 4 oz of orange juice Answer
c) Recheck blood glucose in 30 minutes
d) Call the healthcare provider
Q8. Which statement by a client with hypothyroidism indicates effective teaching?
a) "I should stop taking my levothyroxine if I feel better."
b) "I need to take my thyroid medication every morning." Answer
c) "I can take my thyroid medication with calcium supplements."
d) "I only need my thyroid hormone replacement for 6 months."
Topic 5: Renal Disorders
Q9. A client with chronic kidney disease is on hemodialysis. Which lab value should the nurse
expect to be elevated?
a) Calcium
b) Potassium Answer
