Focus on Nursing Pharmacology
Chapter 4 2 Exam with Solved
Solutions.
what are the seven rights of drug administration? - Answer 1) - the right pt
2) - the right drug
3) - the right dose
4) - the right route
5) - the right time
6) - the right technique
7) - the right documentation
The RIGHT pt - Answer ask the pt his or name, or clash pt by name before
administering the medication.
-always check for allergies before administering medications - ask the pt directly, bc
recent allergic reactions might not be listed in the record.
-You should explain the mediation's name, dosage, desired action, potential effects and
any precautions that need to be taken.
the RIGHT drug - Answer clarify the physician's oder
-each time a drug is dispensed, the medicatin label must be checked 3 times during its
preparation to confirm the right drug, right dose and right strength.
-compare the physician's written order with the label.
1)-the first check is when the medication is taken from the storage area
2) - the 2nd check is performed right before removing the medication from its container.
3) - the 3rd check is performed when the medication is returned to the storage area or
just before administration.
**also check the expiration date to ensure that the medication is still effective. It is
appropriate to flush outdated medication into the sewer line. For controlled substances,
you must ask someone to witness ad document the disposal, referred to as "wasting the
medication."
The RIGHT dose - Answer if the dose ordered does not match the dose available,
perform appropriate dosage calculations to determine the accurate dose. **remember to
have a colleague check your calculations.
the RIGHT route - Answer clarify the route of administration for the medication. the
route of administration can affect the medication's absorption.
the RIGHT time - Answer in the ambulatory care setting, most medications are
ordered state. Some medications must be taken on an empty stomach (30 mins before
or 2 hours after a meal) where as others should be taken with food.
the RIGHT technique - Answer must be familiar with the proper techniques for all
routes of administrarion.
the RIGHT documentation - Answer immediately after giving the drug to the pt,
document the date and time of administration; the drug's name, strength, dose and
,If the pt refuses to take medication you have prepared, no not return it to its______
_______.
_______ of it and notify the physician. - Answer original container
Dispose
pt assessment includes determining whether this is an appropriate _______ for the
particular pt - Answer route of administration
in some states, who may administer certain medications by injection to pts? - Answer
medical assistants
how many times should a drug lab be checked when medication is dispensed? - Answer
3
medications errors are significantly reduced by what system? - Answer the unit-dose
system
What is the most important consideration that should always be checked before
administering medications? - Answer allergies
Medication errors occur in three states within the medication process - Answer 1)- the
first stated involves prescribing or ordering medication - physicians or other persons
prescribing the med may be distracted or interrupted, and as a result provide incomplete
orders.
2)- 2nd stage: when the medication is dispensed to pets or consumers - can occur as a
result of insufficient or inexperienced staffing and lack of adequate tome for pt
counseling and can lead to confusion about how to take the medication or how to assist
the pt in taking it.
3) - 3rd stage: when the medication is administered and monitored for side effects. At
this stage, medication administration errors are most commonly attributed to nurses or
others who are legally allowed to handle administration. Those who administer
medications may be accountable for medication errors that can be attributed to poor
communication or misread prescriptions, orders, or drug labels. other factors include
similar labeling and packaging of products and medications with similar names
Medication errors are most prevalent when/ - Answer choosing a medication, it's
dosage, and the schedule
What is the most common medication error? - Answer dosage; errors also often
involve antibiotics and analgesics.
What do you do when there is a medication error - Answer report asap so the pt can
be monitored
also it must be documented in the medical record with the signature of the individual
who made the error.
medication errors should not occur if? - Answer allied health professionals who are
involved with prescribing, dispensing or administering medication follow the 7 rights of
medication administrations and adhere to dispensing guidelines.
Why do medication errors occur? - Answer 1) - use of incorrect abbreviations
2) - miscommunication
, 3) - incorrect drug
4) - incorrect dose
5) - incorrect time
6) - incorrect technique
7) - incorrect information on the pt chart.
Manufacturing errors - Answer formulation or manufacturing errors
mislabeling
contamination
wrong drug
wrong concentration
wrong doses of drugs
Reducing medication errors: - Answer 1) - employing an adequate number of allied
health staff who are trained to prepare, dispense and administer medications to pts
2) - using standardized measurement systems for both inpatients and outpatients
3) - Using prospective error-tracking systems that are run on a consistent basis to target
and monitor common pt errors
4) - clearly defining a system for drug administration, ordering and dispensing that
includes review of original drug orders
5) - compliling medication profiles for inpts, outpts and ambulatory pt's with updated
allergy histories in each encounter.
6) - provide a suitable work environments for safe, effective drug preparation
Enteral - Answer though the GI tract
what are the routes of Eteral - Answer 1) - oral
2) - nasogastric or gastrostomy tube
3) - sublingual (percutaneous)
4) - buccal (percutaneous)
nasogastric or gastrostomy tube - Answer through the nasopharynx or stomach
sublingual - Answer under the tongue
What are the 3 main routes of medication administration - Answer 1) - enteral
2) - parenteral
3) - topical
parenteral - Answer injected
topical - Answer through the skin
name different topicals - Answer 1) - skin application
2) - ophthalmic
3) - otic
4) - nasal
5) - inhalation
6) - vaginal
7) - rectal
Chapter 4 2 Exam with Solved
Solutions.
what are the seven rights of drug administration? - Answer 1) - the right pt
2) - the right drug
3) - the right dose
4) - the right route
5) - the right time
6) - the right technique
7) - the right documentation
The RIGHT pt - Answer ask the pt his or name, or clash pt by name before
administering the medication.
-always check for allergies before administering medications - ask the pt directly, bc
recent allergic reactions might not be listed in the record.
-You should explain the mediation's name, dosage, desired action, potential effects and
any precautions that need to be taken.
the RIGHT drug - Answer clarify the physician's oder
-each time a drug is dispensed, the medicatin label must be checked 3 times during its
preparation to confirm the right drug, right dose and right strength.
-compare the physician's written order with the label.
1)-the first check is when the medication is taken from the storage area
2) - the 2nd check is performed right before removing the medication from its container.
3) - the 3rd check is performed when the medication is returned to the storage area or
just before administration.
**also check the expiration date to ensure that the medication is still effective. It is
appropriate to flush outdated medication into the sewer line. For controlled substances,
you must ask someone to witness ad document the disposal, referred to as "wasting the
medication."
The RIGHT dose - Answer if the dose ordered does not match the dose available,
perform appropriate dosage calculations to determine the accurate dose. **remember to
have a colleague check your calculations.
the RIGHT route - Answer clarify the route of administration for the medication. the
route of administration can affect the medication's absorption.
the RIGHT time - Answer in the ambulatory care setting, most medications are
ordered state. Some medications must be taken on an empty stomach (30 mins before
or 2 hours after a meal) where as others should be taken with food.
the RIGHT technique - Answer must be familiar with the proper techniques for all
routes of administrarion.
the RIGHT documentation - Answer immediately after giving the drug to the pt,
document the date and time of administration; the drug's name, strength, dose and
,If the pt refuses to take medication you have prepared, no not return it to its______
_______.
_______ of it and notify the physician. - Answer original container
Dispose
pt assessment includes determining whether this is an appropriate _______ for the
particular pt - Answer route of administration
in some states, who may administer certain medications by injection to pts? - Answer
medical assistants
how many times should a drug lab be checked when medication is dispensed? - Answer
3
medications errors are significantly reduced by what system? - Answer the unit-dose
system
What is the most important consideration that should always be checked before
administering medications? - Answer allergies
Medication errors occur in three states within the medication process - Answer 1)- the
first stated involves prescribing or ordering medication - physicians or other persons
prescribing the med may be distracted or interrupted, and as a result provide incomplete
orders.
2)- 2nd stage: when the medication is dispensed to pets or consumers - can occur as a
result of insufficient or inexperienced staffing and lack of adequate tome for pt
counseling and can lead to confusion about how to take the medication or how to assist
the pt in taking it.
3) - 3rd stage: when the medication is administered and monitored for side effects. At
this stage, medication administration errors are most commonly attributed to nurses or
others who are legally allowed to handle administration. Those who administer
medications may be accountable for medication errors that can be attributed to poor
communication or misread prescriptions, orders, or drug labels. other factors include
similar labeling and packaging of products and medications with similar names
Medication errors are most prevalent when/ - Answer choosing a medication, it's
dosage, and the schedule
What is the most common medication error? - Answer dosage; errors also often
involve antibiotics and analgesics.
What do you do when there is a medication error - Answer report asap so the pt can
be monitored
also it must be documented in the medical record with the signature of the individual
who made the error.
medication errors should not occur if? - Answer allied health professionals who are
involved with prescribing, dispensing or administering medication follow the 7 rights of
medication administrations and adhere to dispensing guidelines.
Why do medication errors occur? - Answer 1) - use of incorrect abbreviations
2) - miscommunication
, 3) - incorrect drug
4) - incorrect dose
5) - incorrect time
6) - incorrect technique
7) - incorrect information on the pt chart.
Manufacturing errors - Answer formulation or manufacturing errors
mislabeling
contamination
wrong drug
wrong concentration
wrong doses of drugs
Reducing medication errors: - Answer 1) - employing an adequate number of allied
health staff who are trained to prepare, dispense and administer medications to pts
2) - using standardized measurement systems for both inpatients and outpatients
3) - Using prospective error-tracking systems that are run on a consistent basis to target
and monitor common pt errors
4) - clearly defining a system for drug administration, ordering and dispensing that
includes review of original drug orders
5) - compliling medication profiles for inpts, outpts and ambulatory pt's with updated
allergy histories in each encounter.
6) - provide a suitable work environments for safe, effective drug preparation
Enteral - Answer though the GI tract
what are the routes of Eteral - Answer 1) - oral
2) - nasogastric or gastrostomy tube
3) - sublingual (percutaneous)
4) - buccal (percutaneous)
nasogastric or gastrostomy tube - Answer through the nasopharynx or stomach
sublingual - Answer under the tongue
What are the 3 main routes of medication administration - Answer 1) - enteral
2) - parenteral
3) - topical
parenteral - Answer injected
topical - Answer through the skin
name different topicals - Answer 1) - skin application
2) - ophthalmic
3) - otic
4) - nasal
5) - inhalation
6) - vaginal
7) - rectal
